The Inspection and Correction of “Reification” Criminal Law— A Case Analysis Based on Tobacco-Involved Crimes

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 5541-5553
Author(s):  
Chen Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Case Analysis ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Crime And Punishment ◽  
Security Governance ◽  
Business Operation ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The Way

Superficially, the control of trafficking of counterfeit cigarettes in the name of illegal business operation goes against the spirit of modest and restraint, as well as the doctrine, of the Criminal Law; substantially, however, it is the realistic portrayal of the cross-border governing of market misconduct with “reification” criminal law. In recent years, modern criminal law has opened the way to a transformation of functionalism upon the demand for security governance derived from risks to society. It has gone from being a passive night watchman to being a positive leader and pusher, highlighting the trend of “reification” of functionalism-oriented criminal law. The reification not only weakens the contractual value of crime and punishment but also causes dysfunction of the integral legal order. In this regard, while affirming the legitimacy of the functionalism transformation of criminal law, this paper corrects the trend of "reification" of functionalism-oriented criminal law by declaring the modest value of classical humanity-oriented criminal law, and promotes its return to the modest value of "humanity-oriented" criminal law. Based on the principle of unity of legal order, this paper proposes to build a two-tier judgment model consisting of "general violation" and "punishable violation" in an attempt to provide intellectual support for the processing of criminal cases involving tobacco.

Documentary letter of credit fraud under criminal law regime in England and China

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Court Cases ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Letter Of Credit ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
Economic Crimes

Purpose – The purpose of this paper mainly is to examine the relevant rules concerning documentary letter of credit (L/C) fraud under criminal law in England and China. Design/methodology/approach – The paper analyses the regulations about such crime and relevant literature. Findings – The similarities and differences of such rules have been identified briefly. L/C fraud is considered a conduct crime; and unspecific or vague provisions concerning this crime may cause difficulties of application in judicial practice in both England and China. But the possible punishment for L/C fraud criminals under Chinese criminal law seems more severe than that under English law. Dealing with L/C fraud in international trade under national criminal laws is not effective. Regional and international efforts on legal assistance in cross-border criminal cases still remain to be improved. Research limitations/implications – The limitation is that it examines merely relevant substantial rules in legislation. This opens the paths to future research on the approach towards L/C fraud demonstrated in court cases in England and in China. Social implications – The research underlies the need to take serious attitude and make more effective efforts towards cross-border criminal cases, although different countries may have different rules concerning specific economic crimes. Originality/value – This paper fills the gap of a comparative study on how L/C is regulated under criminal law regime in England and China.

scholarly journals Group Rights, Collective Goods, and the Problem of Cross-border Minority Protection

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-288
Author(s):  
Annamari Vitikainen
Keyword(s):  
Minority Rights ◽  
Group Rights ◽  
Minority Protection ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Institutional Approach ◽  
Collective Goods ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Global Arena ◽  
The Way

This article argues that there are both practical and conceptual reasons for relaxing the prevailing state-centric frameworks for minority protection in the global arena. The article discusses two example cases: the indigenous Sami and the Roma travellers. It draws on analyses of the kinds of rights protected by the key international minority rights documents, and the kinds of goods these rights provide access to. The article argues that the cross-border nature of certain minorities poses specific challenges to the prevailing system of distributing responsibilities for protecting minorities across individual states, each of which has territorially limited obligations. It concludes by paving the way towards a more cosmopolitan institutional approach to cross-border minority protections.

‘Nado minimum!’

Inner Asia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-30
Author(s):  
Dieter Stern
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Department Store ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Border Town ◽  
Market Location ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Way

This article deals with the impact of a major redesign of public space at a cross-border market on the Russian—Chinese border on customer—seller interrelations. The location in question is the Chinese border town of Manzhouli, which, over the last two decades, has risen to become a bustling town of cross-border tourism and retail trade. It will be shown that the large-scale replacement of makeshift market stalls by huge, ostentatious department store buildings is paralleled by the way Chinese traders try to impose a more restricted and rule-governed price regime in their interactions with Russian customers. Russian customers react to this recent shift in appearance and behaviour by sticking to received perceptions of the border as a place outside orderly society and will accordingly reject the Chinese reinterpretation of the cross-border market location.

scholarly journals La protección del crédito transfronterizo mediante la orden europea de retención de cuentas. En torno a la STJUE C-555/18 de 7 de noviembre de 2019 = The protection of the cross-border credit by the European Account Preservation Order. Regarding the ECJ Judgment C-555/18 Of 7 November of 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 444
Author(s):  
Isabel Antón Juárez
Keyword(s):  
Precautionary Measure ◽  
Provisional Measure ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
National Courts ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Sobre Todo ◽  
The Way

Resumen: La orden europea de retención de cuentas es una medida muy útil que intenta facilitar el cobro de las deudas transfronterizas. La sentencia del TJUE de 7 de noviembre de 2019 es la primera sentencia sobre el Reglamento 655/2014. Reglamento europeo que instaura esta medida cautelar europea en todos los Estados miembros de la UE a excepción de Dinamarca. Esta sentencia muestra que la aplicación de la orden europea de retención de cuentas puede no resultar fácil de aplicar a los tribunales nacionales. Una de las razones es que su aplicación requiere de una combinación armónica entre lo dispuesto en el Reglamento 655/2014 y los derechos procesales nacionales. El TJUE, con esta sentencia que analizamos, intenta allanar el camino hacia la búsqueda de esa aplicación armónica y sobre todo homogénea del R. 655/2014 por los tribunales nacionales de los Estados miembros.Palabras clave: medida cautelar, orden europea de retención de cuentas, deuda transfronteriza.Abstract: The European Account Preservation Order is a very useful measure that attempts to facilite the collection of cross-border debts. The ECJ judgment of 7 of November of 2019 is the first about the Regulation 655/2014. This Regulation establishes the European precautionary measure in all EU member states with the exception of Denmark. This ruling shows that the application of the European Account Preservation Order may not be easy to apply to national courts. One of the reasons is that its application requires a harmonious combination between the provisions of Regulation 655/2014 and national procedural orders. The ECJ with this judgment that we analyze tries to pave the way towards the search for that harmonious and especially homogeneous application of R. 655/2014 by the national courts of the member states. Keywords: provisional measure, European Account Preservation Order, cross-border debt.

Dochodzenie roszczeń ze sprzedaży towarów w obrocie międzynarodowym na obszarze UE. Zagadnienie jurysdykcji

2016 ◽  
pp. 107-122
Author(s):  
Agata Michalska-Olek
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Community Law ◽  
Judicial Decisions ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
National Jurisdiction ◽  
Recognition And Enforcement ◽  
The Way

The article aims to show the possible ways of judicial redress for claims resulting from sales of goods especially including the issue of jurisdiction and application of the provisions of national law or the provisions of Community law. In the article the provisions of the Convention of 30 October 2007 on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters as well as the provisions of regulations of the European Parliament and of the Council were widely discussed. The author discusses in particular the issue related to cross-border contracts for the sales-of-goods within the European Union. Part of the deliberations concerns judicial rulings, in particular judicial decisions issued in cases in which the court shall consider the issue of jurisdiction of its own motion. In the conclusion of the article it is stated that the choice between the national jurisdiction and the jurisdiction of other states will depend on the terms of agreement between the parties as well as the documents related to the transaction, in particular consignment notes (CMR), and the EXW clauses – such a formulation means that the parties agreed to the way of delivery of goods according to the commercial (Incoterms) clauses, determining in such a way the issue of jurisdiction.

Errors in the Application of the Criminal Law on Certain Corruption Crimes in Practice of Appeal and Cassation Courts

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
A. V. Galahova ◽  
Y. I. Antonov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Case ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Retroactive Effect

The article is devoted to systematization of generalized appeal and cassation practice on errors in criminal cases of corruption crimes in 2017–2018. Errors are systematized in such areas as the unfairness of the sentence; the absence of a crime in the act; inconsistency of the conclusions of the court set out in the sentence, the actual circumstances of the criminal case; incorrect application of the provisions of the criminal law in time and its retroactive effect.

Theft and Fraud Committed Using Electronic Payment Systems (Regional Judicial and Investigative Practice)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 66-79
Author(s):  
S. L. Morozov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Payment Systems ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Electronic Payments ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The Russian Federation

The advent of the electronic currency and the effecting of electronic payments has caused new forms of thefts and types of acquisitive crimes. The judicial investigative practice of criminal cases of embezzlement committed using bank cards and other types of electronic payments has encountered problems with the qualification of such acts. The author identifies the most common enforcement problemsand their causesby a retrospective study of judicial practice, the changing norms of the criminal law. At the same time, a ten-year period of work of the judicial investigating authorities was studied. On the basis of traditional general scientific methods of cognition, as a result of a system-legal analysis of the considered set of specific situations, the author gives an author's view of the complex of causes that cause a lack of uniformity in judicial investigative practice. Using the hermeneutic approach, the author paid special attention to the application by the courts of the interpretation of the criminal law by the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation in different years. In conclusion, ways of resolving contentious issues of qualification of thefts and fraud in the field of electronic means of payment are proposed. It has been ascertained that high-quality and uniform law enforcement can provide additional clarification on the delimitation of related and competing theft from the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation. It is concluded that in general, the current concept of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation does not contain contradictions with the novels of the criminal law, but can be improved. The rationale and edition of possible additions to the relevant decision of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation are given.

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