In the Labyrinths of Russian Education: Methodological aspect

The study explored one of the most exciting topics for society in recent decades — education, which is viewed through the prism of historical, cultural, philosophical manifestation. The study of the “phenomenon” of the current state of Russian education as a special topic in philosophy is poorly studied and problematic in the analytical sense. The article examines the processes of commercialization of Russian education, a departure from the humanitarian orientation. The significance of the processes of commodification and consumerization for the education system in Russia is shown. Attention is drawn to the understanding of the term “human capital” introduced by the American economist T. Schultz. In the conclusion, it is said about the need to reproduce the traditional education system in Russia, aimed at educating the individual and preserving cultural traditions.

Difference of Conventional Constructivism and Critical Constructivism Approach in International Relations Theory

<p><em>This paper argues that Constructivism as the approach in International Relations are still debat</em><em>ed</em><em>. The debate is on Conventional (modern) and Critical (post-modern) constructivsm. Although both are claimed as critical approach (s</em><em>imilar</em><em> in the</em><em>ir</em><em> epistemological aspect) and emerged in the same context and same culture of school in IR, they are different in adopting the methodological aspect. It may cause</em><em>d</em><em> by the constructivist itself grow along the growing of critical studies and the legacy of IR’s behavoralism</em><em> which</em><em> still remains dominantly</em><em>. Thus, it</em><em> makes one constructivist hold on to reflectivism too much and another constructivist engaged to positivism in order to prove that constructivism is scientific enough</em><em> </em><em>theoretically. Outlining the historical background both context and academic text, this paper analyze this issue in a path.</em></p>

A. I. SOLZHENITSYN’S LITERARY TEXT AS A SIGNIFICANT MEANS OF COGNITION BY FOREIGN STUDENTS OF THE MENTAL PECULIARITIES OF NATIVE RUSSIAN PEOPLE: LINGUISTIC AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECT OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM

В статье рассмотрены лингвометодические аспекты, связанные с обучением студентов-иностранцев (инофонов) русскому языку как иностранному на продвинутом уровне на примере работы с текстами А. И. Солженицына. Художественные тексты писателя изобилуют индивидуально-авторскими единицами, созданными по неизвестной или знакомой в современном русском языке модели. Подчеркивается, что сложность обучения инофонов русскому языку на базе художественных текстов А. И. Солженицына вызвана необходимостью самому преподавателю в полном объеме владеть тонкостями стиля писателя. Лингвистический аспект данной статьи позволяет осознать специфику структурного состава индивидуально-авторских единиц А. И. Солженицына. В рамках методического аспекта подобные слова с измененным правописанием или семантической природой расширяют кругозор студента-иностранца, повышая не только уровень его владения русском языком, но и культурный уровень в целом. Активизируются широкие возможности для общения со студенческой аудиторией и преподавателями, а также для наиболее полного понимания всех коннотативных признаков коммуникативной ситуации. Нами выявлено, что при создании индивидуально-авторских единиц прослеживается определенная поэтапность, которая может быть положена в основу разработки ряда приемов обучения, отражающих факт поэтапной концептуализации в сознании студентов-иностранцев значимых особенностей менталитета русскоговорящих людей - носителей языка. The article deals with the linguistic and methodological aspects related to teaching foreign students Russian as a foreign language at an advanced level by the example of working with the texts by A. I. Solzhenitsyn. Literary texts of the writer abound in individual author units created according to an unknown or familiar model. It is emphasized that the complexity of teaching Russian to foreign speakers based on the texts by A. I. Solzhenitsyn is caused by the need for the teacher to fully master the subtleties of the style of A. I. Solzhenitsyn. The linguistic aspect of this article allows us to get into the specifics of the structural composition of the individual author’s constructions of A. I. Solzhenitsyn. Within the methodological aspect, such words with a changed spelling or a changed semantic nature expand the horizons of a foreign student, increasing not only the level of Russian language proficiency, but also the cultural level in general, giving a foreign student greater opportunities not only to communicate with the student audience and teachers, but also to better understand all the connotative signs of a communicative situation. We found that when creating individual author units, there is a certain step-by-step approach, which can be used as a basis for developing a number of teaching methods that reflect the fact of step-by-step conceptualization in the minds of foreign students of significant features of the mentality of Russian native speakers.

Verification of urban policy instruments in the Campos dosGoytacazes City Plans

The Urban Policy of Brazil, established with the Federal Constitution and the City Statute, brought to light a series of instruments to be used by municipalities in their urban planning. The objective of this research was to verify the use of these instruments in the laws of the cityplans of 2008 and 2020 in the city of Campos dos Goytacazes, state of Rio de Janeiro. In the methodological aspect, online meetings through Google Meet were fundamental for bibliographical and documental survey, comparative analysis of the laws of cityplans, elaboration of a table with results and elaboration of an article. With the study it was possible to analyze the use of urban policy instruments in the analyzed cityplans. It was found that in the two cityplans, several instruments are included in the law in a bureaucratic way, without elements that indicate possibilities of application. It was concluded that the use of urban policy instruments in the analyzed cityplans happened in a similar way. The difficulty of applying many instruments was evident in both studied plans

Indonesia Guidelight Project dan Tafsir Audiovisual: Tinjauan atas Metodologi Tafsir dan Kontribusinya di Masa Pandemi

This paper departs from the many platforms on social media that offer virtual Al-Qur’an learning facilities, especially during the pandemic. One of the platforms on social media that facilitates virtual Al-Qur’an learning is the Indonesia Guidelight Project. To find out how the methodology for audiovisual interpretation of the Indonesia Guidelight Project is and how the contribution and reception of participants to the study is, the author uses the phenomenological approach initiated by Edmund Husserl and the interpretation approach. The results of this study conclude that the Guidelight audiovisual interpretation provides a positive contribution to the wider community so as to increase their understanding of the content of the Quran and become a better person. In addition, if you look at the methodological aspect, the audiovisual interpretation of Guidelight is substantially informative by presenting resource persons who have appropriate competence as exegetes. It's just that for the good of the future the form of interpretation is enriched with contextual approaches.

ON THE QUESTION OF MEASURING UNCERTAINTY: METHODOLOGICAL ASPECT

В статье анализируются различные теоретические подходы, исследующие неопределенность, причины ее проявления и усиления в современном мире. Отмечается, что ряд причин может носить объективный неустранимый характер, обусловленный самим процессом развития сложноорганизованных социальных систем; быть результатом противоречивости процесса познания реальности и недостаточной полноты методологического инструментария; может носить субъективной характер, обусловленный психологическими и интеллектуальными особенностями, а также широко применяемыми политическими манипулятивными технологиями. Отмечается необходимость дальнейшей разработки методологии анализа данного феномена и представляется система индексов как инструментов количественного замера неопределенности.

MOTORISTAS DE APLICATIVOS DE TRANSPORTE PRIVADO E A POSSIBILIDADE DE RECONHECIMENTO DO VÍNCULO EMPREGATÍCIO

O presente estudo se propôs a analisar a possibilidade de reconhecimento do vínculo de emprego de motoristas que utilizam aplicativo de transporte disponibilizado pela criadora e administradora deste. A justificativa para o objeto deste trabalho repousa na necessária investigação jurídica direcionada a enfrentar a ausência de legislação trabalhista específica para tratar a matéria. Como aspecto metodológico, adota o procedimento descritivo-analítico, pesquisa bibliográfica e jurisprudencial, de forma documental através de normas, livros e artigos científicos. Sendo capaz assim, de concluir que diante dos padrões e conceitos clássicos existentes, a relação apresentada e estudada não se enquadra como relação de emprego. Conclui, ainda, que se faz necessário rever conceitos e normas para adequá-las às novas relações de trabalho que surgem em detrimento da tecnologia.DRIVERS OF PRIVATE TRANSPORTATION APPS AND THE POSSIBILITY OF RECOGNITION OF THE EMPLOYMENT LINKAbstractThe present study aimed to analyze the possibility of recognizing the employment link of drivers who use a transport application made available by the creator and administrator of this. The justification for the object of this work rests on the necessary legal investigation aimed at addressing the absence of specific labor legislation to deal with the matter. As a methodological aspect, we adopted the descriptive-analytical procedure, bibliographic and jurisprudential research, in a documental way through norms, books, scientific articles. Being able to conclude that in view of the existing classical patterns and concepts, the relation presented and studied does not fit as a employment relationship. However, it is also concluded that it is necessary to revise concepts and norms to adapt them to new work relations that arise at the expense of technology.Keywords: Uber App. Recognition of the Bond. Drivers. Requirements of the employment relationship