scholarly journals Cultural Perspectives in Language and Speech Disorders

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Ndung'u ◽  
Mathew Kinyua
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Gender Preferences ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Cultural Perspectives ◽  
Operation Smile ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Collaborative Therapy

<p>Culture has a heavy overlay on the perceptions and the subsequent handling of persons with language and speech disorders. This article reviews the cultural perspectives of language and speech disorders as portrayed by persons with language and speech disorders, parents, teachers, and language and speech pathologists. The information on cultural perspectives was collected between November 2006 and August 2007 during Operation Smile, Kenya Chapter Missions. 20 persons, aged between 8 and 53 years, were interviewed. The research objective was to establish the cultural perspective that determines the interpretations of language and speech disorders and their subsequent management.</p> <p>The finding of the study is that there is a notable cultural association or correlation between cultural beliefs and language and speech disorders. There is also ignorance of the causes and management procedures of language and speech disorders. We conclude that there is a need to provide assessment and treatment protocols that are culturally fair, effective, and acceptable. Such protocols include taking into account gender preferences, adhering to culturally relevant communication patterns, and using collaborative therapy.</p>

Reliability of the Multi-Dimensional Voice Program for the Analysis of Voice Samples of Subjects With Dysarthria

1999 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray D. Kent ◽  
Houri K. Vorperian ◽  
Joseph R. Duffy
Keyword(s):  
Computer Program ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Automatic Analysis ◽  
Acoustic Parameters ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Quantitative Assessments

Computer-based analysis systems are increasingly available for the clinical assessment of speech and voice functions. These systems have the potential to provide immediate quantitative information to assist clinical assessment and treatment. The Multi-Dimensional Voice Program (MDVP) is a computer program that can calculate as many as 33 acoustic parameters from a voice sample. The MDVP appears to have potential for rapid quantitative assessments of voice in both research and clinical applications. This report evaluates the robustness and reliability of MDVP for vocal analyses of 32 individuals with dysarthria of various etiologies. It is concluded that the reliability is generally very good and that MDVP has potential as a tool for the semi-automatic analysis of voice samples in dysarthria. Some parameters appear to hold particular value in the description of voice qualities in these speech disorders.

Dysphagia Management in Culturally-Linguistically Diverse Populations

2020 ◽  
pp. 217-238
Author(s):  
Kellyn Dailey Hall
Keyword(s):  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Culturally Competent ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Therapy Outcomes ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Mexican Woman ◽  
Dysphagia Therapy ◽  
Management Of Dysphagia

Culturally competent management of adults with swallowing disorders involves more than simply including ethnically appropriate foods in dysphagia therapy. It requires an understanding of the client's health beliefs, challenges, and unique cultural perspective regarding all aspects of food to ensure unbiased and culturally appropriate services are provided. This chapter begins with an overview of dysphagia management followed by a closer look at cultural beliefs regarding food and ethical conflicts that may arise. The strategies for shared decision-making presented help create a culturally sensitive dynamic between the clinician and the patient/family that positively influence therapy outcomes. The chapter concludes with a case study that highlights the importance of ethnographic interviewing needed to establish understanding and trust between the clinician and an elderly Mexican woman and her family. The strategies and techniques presented here can be applied across all cultures to achieve successful management of dysphagia.

A Mobile Application for Wound Assessment and Treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 344-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Joon Jun ◽  
Donghyeok Shin ◽  
Whan Jun Choi ◽  
Ji Hyeon Hwang ◽  
Hoon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Application ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Mobile Phone Application ◽  
Wound Assessment ◽  
Reasonable Solution ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
The Status

The D+Wound Solution is a mobile phone application (app) that assists users in the assessment and treatment of the wound. The app has 6 components for assessment: need for debridement, infection control, revascularization, and exudate control; whether it is chronic; and finally, the top surface of the skin. These components are named D.I.R.E.C.T. The app makes you review these components as an algorithm to provide a reasonable solution for dressing. It is designed to understand the status of the wound and provide a practical treatment idea for wound care providers. A total of 118 nurses were divided into 2 groups, designated as experienced and less-experienced groups, and surveyed. Both groups found the app to be helpful in making a treatment plan. However, the less-experienced group found it to be significantly more useful in assessing the wound ( P = .026) but difficult to understand the logic. The experienced group found the logic to be significantly easier to understand ( P = .018) and had significantly higher similarities ( P = .015) in treatment protocols compared with the less-experienced group. We may conclude that this app has a logical algorithm resembling experienced wound caregivers and is more useful in the less-experienced group.

Auditory-Perceptual Speech Features in Children With Down Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 324-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harrison N. Jones ◽  
Kelly D. Crisp ◽  
Maragatha Kuchibhatla ◽  
Leslie Mahler ◽  
Thomas Risoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Speech Rate ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Pitch Level ◽  
Loudness Level ◽  
Speech Features

Abstract Speech disorders occur commonly in individuals with Down syndrome (DS), although data regarding the auditory-perceptual speech features are limited. This descriptive study assessed 47 perceptual speech features during connected speech samples in 26 children with DS. The most severely affected speech features were: naturalness, imprecise consonants, hyponasality, speech rate, inappropriate silences, irregular vowels, prolonged intervals, overall loudness level, pitch level, aberrant oropharyngeal resonance, hoarse voice, reduced stress, and prolonged phonemes. These findings suggest that speech disorders in DS are due to distributed impairments involving voice, speech sound production, fluency, resonance, and prosody. These data contribute to the development of a profile of impairments in speakers with DS to guide future research and inform clinical assessment and treatment.

Dying to Eat

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
American South ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Cultural Perspectives ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Korean Chinese ◽  
The American South

In Dying to Eat: Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Food, Death, and the Afterlife, Candi K. Cann examines the role of food in dying, death, bereavement, and the afterlife. The coeditors seek to illuminate on the intersection of food and death in various cultures as well as fill an overlooked scholarly niche. Dying to Eat offers a multi-cultural perspective from contributors examining Korean, Chinese, Japanese, Latin American, European, Middle Eastern and American rituals and customs surrounding death and food. The contributors discuss a wide array of topics, including the role of death in the Islamic Sufi approach to food, the intersection of Buddhism, Catholicism, and Shamanism, as well as the role of casseroles and church cookbooks in the American South. The collection will provide not only food for thought on the subject of death and afterlife, but also theories, methods, recipes, and instructions on how and why food is used in dying, death, mourning, and afterlife rituals and practices in different cultural and religious contexts.

Articulation Testing by Microcomputer

1986 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence D. Shriberg ◽  
Joan Kwiatkowski ◽  
Tereza Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Picture Naming ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Computer Interface ◽  
Response Format ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
Assessment Procedures ◽  
Speech Assessment

The picture naming articulation test, one of the most widely used speech assessment procedures, provides an excellent paradigm to study the potential of microcomputers with young, speech involved children. The stimulus-response format of the articulation test is structurally similar to assessment and management procedures crossing the spectrum of speech disorders. Findings from three studies comparing booklet-presented pictures to microcomputer-presented graphics indicate that microcomputers have certain control advantages in motivating children's repeated trials. However, spontaneous articulation testing by microcomputer may take more time than booklet testing if the graphics are less readily identifiable and due to associated novelty effects. Discussion of findings includes suggestions for enhancing the client-clinician-computer interface as this discipline experiences the entry of microcomputers into the speech-language clinic.

scholarly journals Gender Disparity in STEM Across Cultures

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-313
Author(s):  
Aditi Rabindra Sachdev
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Stem Fields ◽  
Gender Inequity ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Empirically Supported ◽  
And Mathematics

Miner et al. (2018) claim that focusing on individual factors to understand gender inequity in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) provides an incomplete explanation of the phenomenon. They challenge the appropriateness of individual-level explanations that hold women responsible for the injustices they experience, suggesting that this perspective fails to consider larger social-contextual influences. Instead, to explain gender disparity in the STEM fields, Miner et al. offer a social-structural lens through which to view the situation that relies on commonly held beliefs about women in society. The inequality that characterizes these fields, however, is a worldwide phenomenon that spans societal boundaries. Therefore, understanding the social-contextual factors that contribute to gender inequality in the STEM fields requires a cross-cultural examination of norms and values. In this commentary, I first outline a program of research aimed at developing an empirically supported theoretical framework that explains gender inequity in the STEM fields from a cross-cultural perspective. Then, I review the ways in which cultural beliefs influence education and careers in the STEM fields. Finally, I provide some practical suggestions of ways to promote gender equality in STEM fields. As such, this commentary serves as a call to integrate concepts from vocational, educational, and cross-cultural psychology to address an issue of upmost importance: equal representation.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Critical Thinking from the Philosophical, Reflective, Cognitive and Cultural Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Chunxia Lu ◽  
Rosukhon Swatevacharkul
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Chinese College Students ◽  
Cultural Perspectives ◽  
Efl Context ◽  
Language Context ◽  
Made In

In English as a foreign language context, to cultivate language learners&rsquo; critical thinking skills has become a part of the education goal. In China, great efforts have been made in order to increase Chinese college students&rsquo; critical thinking skills, but their critical thinking skills are not satisfying. As to the reasons, lack of sufficient and comprehensive understanding of critical thinking skills is supposed to be one of the reasons. Thus, this paper proposed to analyze critical thinking skills from the philosophical, reflective, cognitive, cultural perspectives hopefully to enhance understanding of critical thinking skills in Chinese EFL context.

scholarly journals Orbital Swelling and Ptosis as an Initial Presentation of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ahmed Alsalem ◽  
Bayan Almasoudi ◽  
Ghaida Alzahrani ◽  
Lama Sindi ◽  
Joud Alwan
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ◽  
Bone Marrow Examination ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Lymphoid Leukaemia ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ◽  
Eyelid Swelling ◽  
Assessment And Treatment

We are reporting the case of a 3-year-old-girl who initially presented with unilateral eyelid swelling and ptosis. A diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) was eventually made based on an orbital incisional biopsy and a bone marrow examination. Historically, orbital involvement had been linked to myeloid leukaemia; however, in lymphoid leukaemia, they are increasingly being implicated and had been reported as the sole presentation of the disease. These findings stress the importance of conducting ophthalmologic assessments in cases diagnosed with ALL in order to prevent delays in proper assessment and treatment. Management options in orbital disease are fortunately not significantly different than well-established treatment protocols.

Trauma bij ASS: valkuilen in diagnostiek en behandeling

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liesbeth Mevissen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Trauma Treatment ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Clinical Experiences ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Trauma History ◽  
Potentially Traumatic Events ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Research Findings

Individuals with ASD have an elevated risk of exposure to potentially traumatic events. This does not only pertain to events meeting the DSM-5 PTSD A criterion for trauma such as assault and abuse but also to seemingly less shocking adverse events such as bullying. In clinical practice, PTSD and other trauma and stressor-related patterns of complaints often remain undetected and therefore untreated. A limiting factor is that it is not common use to systematically investigate a patient’s trauma history routinely. Further, trauma-related complaints show a lot of overlap with other disorders, in particular anxiety and mood disorders, as well as overlap with characteristics of ASD. In addition, until now validated assessment tools for trauma in individuals with ASD are missing. Finally, the application of standard trauma treatment protocols is often hindered by ASD-related problems. Research into the applicability and effectiveness of trauma treatment for ASD is still in its infancy. In this paper, research findings and clinical experiences regarding assessment and treatment of trauma in individuals with ASD are shared to contribute to the prevention of long-term serious trauma-related mental health problems and to underpin the need for further research on this topic.

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