scholarly journals Management of asthma patients in primary care settings: effect of a physician's training

2007 ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
N. N. Brimkulov ◽  
D. V. Vinnikov ◽  
E. V. Ryzhkova
Keyword(s):  
Flow Measurement ◽  
Peak Flow ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
Sectional Analysis

A cross-sectional analysis of management of asthma patients before and after short-term training of 78 physicians in Bishkek was performed. At baseline, diagnosis of asthma was made in 37 patients (4.1 % of all respiratory diseases). Just after training, in 1 year and in 2 years, asthma was diagnosed in 26, 45 and 26 patients, respectively. At baseline, peak flow measurement and spirometry were not used at all and treatment was mainly symptomatic. The training resulted in improvement of theoretical knowledge score from 84.6 % to 73.3 %; p < 0.001. Use of peak flow measurements increased to 38.5 %, 51.1 % and 38.5 % just after the training, in 1 and 2 years, respectively. Use of spirometry grew to 11.5 %, 17.8 % and 26.9 %, respectively. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) were administered to 42.3 %, 53.3 %, and 46.2 %, respectively, vs. 5.4 % at baseline with simultaneous reduction in inadequate administrations of vitamins, antibiotics and expectorants. So, the short-term training was effective. However, application of peak flow measurement in 100 % of the patients should be achieved; the majority of patients need ICS. Ways to increase the training efficiency are necessary.

Does uncertainty boost overconfidence? The case of financial analysts' forecasts

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique Bessière ◽  
Taoufik Elkemali
Keyword(s):  
Stock Returns ◽  
Private Information ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Forecast Dispersion ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Announcement ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Purpose – This article aims to examine the link between uncertainty and analysts' reaction to earnings announcements for a sample of European firms during the period 1997-2007. In the same way as Daniel et al., the authors posit that overconfidence leads to an overreaction to private information followed by an underreaction when the information becomes public. Design/methodology/approach – In this study, the authors test analysts' overconfidence through the overreaction preceding a public announcement followed by an underreaction after the announcement. If overconfidence occurs, over- and underreactions should be, respectively, observed before and after the public announcement. If uncertainty boosts overconfidence, the authors predict that these two combined misreactions should be stronger when uncertainty is higher. Uncertainty is defined according to technology intensity, and separate two types of firms: high-tech or low-tech. The authors use a sample of European firms during the period 1997-2007. Findings – The results support the overconfidence hypothesis. The authors jointly observe the two phenomena of under- and overreaction. Overreaction occurs when the information has not yet been made public and disappears just after public release. The results also show that both effects are more important for the high-tech subsample. For robustness, the authors sort the sample using analyst forecast dispersion as a proxy for uncertainty and obtain similar results. The authors also document that the high-tech stocks crash in 2000-2001 moderated the overconfidence of analysts, which then strongly declined during the post-crash period. Originality/value – This study offers interesting insights in two ways. First, in the area of financial markets, it provides a test of a major over- and underreaction model and implements it to analysts' reactions through their revisions (versus investors' reactions through stock returns). Second, in a broader way, it deals with the link between uncertainty and biases. The results are consistent with the experimental evidence and extend it to a cross-sectional analysis that reinforces it as pointed out by Kumar.

Isothermal Oxidation Behavior of Ru Modified Aluminide Coating on a Fourth Generation Single Crystal Superalloy

2006 ◽  
Vol 512 ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Matsuoka ◽  
Kazuyoshi Chikugo ◽  
Takakazu Suzuki ◽  
Yasuo Matsunaga ◽  
Shigeji Taniguchi
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Oxidation Behavior ◽  
Coating Layer ◽  
Aluminide Coating ◽  
Isothermal Oxidation ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Local Oxidation ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Ru coating prior to aluminizing is one of the effective methods to reduce the harmful intermediate layer that forms under the coating (SRZ) on a 4th generation Ni-base SC superalloy. This study examined the short-term isothermal oxidation behavior of this Ru-modified coating at 1373 K in air. Surface observation by SEM showed that the scale becomes flat and uniform in comparison to simple aluminide coating. XRD and cross-sectional analysis results also showed that phase transformation from β-NiAl to γ’-Ni3Al seldom occurs in the Ru-modified coating layer leading to the prevention of local oxidation.

scholarly journals Predictive Regression Equations of Flowmetric and Spirometric Peak Expiratory Flow in Healthy Moroccan Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Khalid Bouti ◽  
Iliass Maouni ◽  
Jouda Benamor ◽  
Jamal Eddine Bourkadi
Keyword(s):  
Peak Flow ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Predictive Regression ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Main Determinants

Introduction. PEF has never been characterized among healthy Moroccan adults. The objective of this study is to describe the values of PEF among healthy Moroccan adults, to study its relationship with anthropometric parameters (gender, age, height, and weight), to compare spirometric and flowmetric PEF, to establish the prediction equations for PEF, and to study the correlation between PEF and FEV1. Methods. Cross-sectional study conducted between May and June 2016. It involved healthy nonsmoking volunteers living in Tetouan, Morocco, gathered through a mobile stand realization of spirometry and peak flow measurements. Results. Our final sample concerned 313 adults (143 men and 170 women). For both men and women, age and height were the main determinants of PEF, and a positive correlation was found between PEF and FEV1. Conclusion. Our study has established the PEF predictive equations in the Moroccan adult population. Our results allow us to conclude that the PEF can be a reliable alternative of FEV1 in centers not equipped with spirometry.

scholarly journals Street Demonstrations and the Media Agenda: An Analysis of the Dynamics of Protest Agenda Setting

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (13-14) ◽  
pp. 2283-2313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Will Jennings ◽  
Clare Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Agenda Setting ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Dynamic Theory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Media Agenda ◽  
The Media ◽  
Sectional Analysis

This article argues that the agenda-setting power of protest must be understood in dynamic terms. Specifically, it develops and tests a dynamic theory of media reaction to protest which posits that features of street demonstrations—such as their size, violence, societal conflict, and the presence of a “trigger”—lead protest issues to be reported and sustained in the media agenda over time. We conduct a unique empirical analysis of media coverage of protest issues, based upon a data set of 48 large-scale street demonstrations in nine countries. Time-series cross-sectional analysis is used to estimate the dynamic effects of demonstration features on media coverage of the protest issue. The findings show that violence can increase media attention in the short term and larger protest size sustains it over the longer term. The agenda-setting power of protest is structured in time.

A Cross-Sectional Evaluation of Illness Perception About Asthma Among Asthma Patients at a Referral Tertiary Care Public Chest Hospital in Delhi, India

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-43
Author(s):  
Sushil Shendge ◽  
Barnali Deka ◽  
Anita Kotwani
Keyword(s):  
Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Illness Perception ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
History Of

Adult patients visiting emergency room (March 2009-December 2009) of the public chest hospital for asthma exacerbation completed interviewer-administered questionnaires on sociodemographics, clinical history, disease beliefs, use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), and self-management of asthma after stabilization of their condition. Overall 87% patients believed that they had asthma when they are having symptoms, which is called as no symptoms, no asthma belief. No association was found between no symptoms, no asthma belief with gender, income, family history of asthma, and co-morbidity. Younger patients in the age group 18-29 years had four to five-fold greater odds and patients with education above 10th grade had three to four-fold greater odds of having the no symptoms, no asthma belief or the acute episodic belief. Acute episodic belief was negatively associated with beliefs about always having asthma, asthma being a serious condition, having lung inflammation, or the importance of using ICS, and was positively associated with expecting to be cured. All patients irrespective of their belief of acute or chronic nature of asthma had poor adherence to the treatment and other self-management behaviors.

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