Evaluation of used eye drop containers for microbial contamination in outpatient department of tertiary care teaching hospital

Background: Contaminated eyedrops are considered as serious risk factor for many iatrogenic ocular infections. Apart from the risk of infection, microbial contamination may alter the pH of the solution thereby reducing the efficacy of drugs. Presently many preservatives are added to these eye drops preparations to extend the duration of use. Hence authors aimed this study to find the contamination rates in such eye drop preparations.Methods: This was a prospective observational research conducted at Ophthalmology OPD, of tertiary care teaching hospital for the period of 2 months. Total fifty five used eyedrops were collected.Results: Authors found that 25.45% of the collected eye drops were contaminated with various organisms, viz. E. coli (10.90%), Staphylococcus aureus (9.09%), Pseudomonas aerugenosa (1.81%), Bacillus subtilis (1.81%) and Candida albicans (1.81%). Among various eyedrops, mydriatic (60%) eyedrops had the highest rate of contamination. We also found that, different preservatives in the eye drops were presents with different level of microbial contamination.Conclusions: The present study showed that there is a definite co-occurrence between eyedrop contamination and ocular infections irrespective of preservatives. This research raises a concern about questionable efficacy of preservatives.

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A Prospective Observational Study on Prevalence and Prognostic Indicators among Tuberculosis and Multidrug Resistance Tuberculosis Patients in Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i19a31326 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 43-48

Author(s):

A. Noorjahan ◽

B. Bhargavi ◽

K. Mallikarjuna ◽

B. Mohammad Ishaq ◽

L. Siva Sankar Reddy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Teaching Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Observational Research ◽

Prognostic Indicators ◽

Treatment Result ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital ◽

Care Teaching ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Mdr Tb

Tuberculosis (TB) is a communicable systemic infectious disease with high morbidity and mortality associated with it. Resistance to medications used to treat tuberculosis has been on the rise in recent years. (multidrug-resistant tuberculosis) (MDR-TB) is a significant challenge to (TB) control around the world. An observational research was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital to determine the interim pharmacological and microbial results of Rifampicin resistance TB patients. Data from Santhiram Medical College and General Hospital, Nandyal, Kurnool Dist. Andhra Pradesh were obtained from Aug 2020 to Feb 2021, after receiving ethical approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee. The effects of the regimen are determined in terms of cure, finished treatment, treatment failure, number of patients moved to MDR-TB, number of patients who died in long-term MDR-TB regimen patients. Microsoft Excel 2007 was used to analyse the data. There were 82 male and 23 female out of 105 patients included in the study. Of these 75 patients were from rural areas and 40 from urban areas Using the Chi-square test and X2=12.1026, p=0.0005, which was important, the correlation between geographical spread and treatment result was determined. Out of 115 patients, 99 (86.09 percent) were cured of their disease, 06 (5.22 percent) died, 10 (8.69 percent) developed MDR-TB, and 2 (1.74 percent) were deemed medication errors. Males between the ages of 51 and 70 are more vulnerable to TB than females, according to our results. Compared to females of the same age, male patients over 40 years of age are more vulnerable to MDRTB. this was not part of the research objectives, emphasis should not be placed on this as either conclusion or recommendation.

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COMMON ORGANISMS AND ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY OF E COLI IN URINARY TRACT INFECTION, IN A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL, NORTHERN KERALA

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare ◽

10.18410/jebmh/2015/1191 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (51) ◽

pp. 8611-8616

Author(s):

Shanavas P ◽

Hemanth J K ◽

Anoop Kumar K ◽

Amjad P M ◽

Ameen Basid C K ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽

Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital ◽

E Coli ◽

Care Teaching

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E. coli Positivity and Sensitivity in Invasive Blood Stream Infections using Automated Bactec in Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of North India

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ◽

10.20546/ijcmas.2021.1008.059 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 494-499

Author(s):

Pankaj Katoch Surinder Singh ◽

Ambika Sood

Keyword(s):

Teaching Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Blood Stream ◽

North India ◽

Blood Stream Infections ◽

Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital ◽

E Coli ◽

Care Teaching

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Bacteriology and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of external ocular infections in rural tertiary care teaching hospital

Indian Journal of Microbiology Research ◽

10.5958/2394-5478.2016.00046.7 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 203 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Khaja Moinuddin ◽

Haja Abdul Nazeer ◽

Anandi ◽

Kalai Vani ◽

Bhanu Prakash ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Teaching Hospital ◽

Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Susceptibility Pattern ◽

Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital ◽

Care Teaching ◽

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽

Ocular Infections

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A study of the current prescribing and drug utilization pattern in Ophthalmology Department of a tertiary care teaching hospital

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20190654 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 497

Author(s):

Priyanki . ◽

Kusum Kumari ◽

Manju Gari ◽

Anuj Kumar Pathak

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Drug Utilization ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Prescribing Patterns ◽

Eye Drops ◽

Utilization Pattern ◽

Case Record ◽

Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital ◽

Care Teaching

Background: The aim was to study the current prescribing and drug utilization pattern in Ophthalmology Department of a tertiary care teaching hospital. Drug utilization study is a part of pharmaco-epidemiological exercise quantifying the extent, nature and determinants of drug use in a population. Periodic audit of drug usage pattern forms an essential tool to ascertain the role of drug in a society, increase therapeutic efficacy and improve cost effectiveness of the therapy. It is an introspective and critical instrument providing positive impact on health care delivery to the patient. With this background, the present study was carried out to analyze the prescription pattern and drug utilization by measuring the WHO drug use indicators in ophthalmology department of a tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: The prescriptions of 961 outpatients were included and analyzed using a predesigned case record form OPD prescription of each patient. Patient and prescription related parameters were analyzed.Results: Prescription analysis showed that the average number of drugs per prescription was 1.85. The drugs were prescribed in the form of eye drops (67.42%), followed by ointments (14.37%), capsules (15.45%), and tablets (2.71%). The dosage form and frequency of drug administration was indicated for all of the drugs prescribed, the duration of treatment for 60.97% of the drugs prescribed. Antimicrobial agents and tear substitute together constituted above 50% of all the drugs. Percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name and from NEDL was 31.62% and 37.22%, respectively. Patient’s knowledge of correct dosage was 70.44%.Conclusions: This study showed that there is scope for improvement in prescribing patterns in areas of writing generic names of drugs, essential drugs, writing legible and complete prescriptions.

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Drug utilization study in ophthalmology in OPD patients at a tertiary care teaching hospital

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20180105 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 315

Author(s):

Jigar H. Bhatt ◽

Shashwat Verma ◽

Srushti Bagde ◽

Rohit M. Sane ◽

Savita Shahani

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Drug Utilization ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Eye Drops ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Drug Utilization Study ◽

Prescribing Pattern ◽

Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital ◽

Care Teaching

Background: Drug therapy is a major component of patient care management in health care settings. Irrational and inappropriate use of drugs in health care system observed globally is being a major concern. In the field of ophthalmology, there have been many drug developments and different classes of drugs with combinational products are available in ophthalmology for the treatment of ophthalmic diseases. Periodic prescription analysis in the form of drug utilization study can improve the quality of prescription and curb the menace of irrational prescribing. Aim and objectives were to study the prescribing pattern and drug utilization trends in Ophthalmology outpatient department at a tertiary care hospital in Navi Mumbai.Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted over a period of six months in Ophthalmology department of a tertiary care teaching hospital, Navi-Mumbai. A total of 103 adult patients visiting Ophthalmology OPD for curative symptoms were included and their prescriptions were analyzed with WHO prescribing indicators and additional indices.Results: Analysis showed that the average number of drugs per prescription was 1.9. Percentage of drugs prescribed by brand was 100 % versus generic 0 %. Percentage of drugs prescribed from National Essential drug list (NEDL) was 53%. The percentage of encounters with antibiotics was 30.6%. The commonest prescribed drugs were ocular lubricants followed by antibiotics. Eye drops were the commonest prescribed dosage form.Conclusions: Ocular lubricants and antibiotics dominated the prescribing pattern in this study with restraint on polypharmacy, but showed ample scope for improvement in encouraging the ophthalmologist to prescribe generic and selection of essential drugs.

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