scholarly journals Epidemiology of ovarian cancer in Assiut Governorate, Egypt

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4575
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Ahmed Gharib ◽  
Mahmoud Hussein El-Shoeiby ◽  
Nagy Mohammed Metwally ◽  
Yostina Maher Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Average Level ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynecology ◽  
Tumor Biomarker ◽  
Seer Data ◽  
History Of

Background: The aim of this study is to assess ovarian cancer epidemiology and detect its prognostic factors in Assuit, Egypt.Methods: This retrospective study was performed between January 2010 and December 2015, on all cases attending to Obstetrics and Gynecology Outpatient Clinic in all central hospitals in Assiut. 378 females (≥40 years old) came to Obstetrics and Gynecology Outpatient Clinic from January 2010 to December 2015. Inclusion criteria: All females (≥40 years old), history of current acute or chronic pelvic pain, mass; fixed, hard consistency, history of previous similar condition.Results: Mean age for whole ovarian cancer cases in this study was 56.44±10.08 (range, 40-85). Nulliparity was found in one case (0.3%), while multiparity was found in 252 cases (66.7%). Grand multiparity was found in 113 cases (29.9%). Twelve cases (3.2%) were virgin. Vaginal ultrasound can find all ovarian cancer cases. Regarding the serum levels of the tumor biomarker, CA-125, the average level of CA-125 is 300-1000 U/ml with 34.9% of cases had readings below to 300-1000 U/ml and 6.1% of cases had readings above to this average level. Regarding treatment, treatment combining surgery with chemotherapy was the main line of management in present study (46.3%). About 33.3% of cases underwent surgery, while only 18.3% took the chance of chemotherapy. Eight cases (2.1%) had no treatment.Conclusions: Epithelial ovarian cancer is a lethal disease. The age incidence of ovarian cancer in present patients is ten years younger than what is re¬ported in US SEER data and other Western countries. CA-125 level and ultrasonography are increasing the rate of suspicious for diagnosis of malignant tumors.

A prospective observational study on the effectiveness of risk of malignancy index score (RMI 3) in a tertiary care centre in Eastern India

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
Apurba Mandal ◽  
Shibram Chattopadhyay ◽  
Sushanta Mondal ◽  
Arunava Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Adnexal Mass ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics ◽  
Risk Of Malignancy ◽  
Malignant Lesions

Background: Adnexal mass is a common presentation in today’s gynecological practice. The incidence of ovarian cancer is increasing day by day and diagnosis is often difficult to be made pre operatively with inadequate surgical exploration is a regular occurrence. Aims and Objectives: To assess and validate the importance of RMI-3 score as pre-operative diagnostic tool of differentiating benign from malignant adnexal mass for starting first line therapy of ovarian cancer and to find out the incidences of ovarian malignancy among study population. Material and Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics on (n=115) patients attending GOPD and indoor with adnexal mass fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria using purposive sampling technique. All the selected cases underwent ultrasonography and serum CA- 125 level estimation necessary for calculating RMI score. A score of >200 was taken as suggestive of malignancy and confirmatory diagnosis was performed by histopathological examination obtained from staging laparotomy of adnexal mass. The individual scores were then correlated with final outcomes with statistical analyses. Results: The study revealed benign ovarian tumors are more under 50 years (78.46%) and patients with normal BMI are diagnosed with maximum of malignancy (n = 28). History of tubal ligation carried less risk of malignancy (p<0.0001). Histologically malignant tumors found mostly in 71.4% postmenopausal group whereas 94.1% benign pathology were present in perimenopausal group and there is no association found between parity and histopathology (p=0.058). Bilateral (p=0.013), multilocular (p=0.000) tumors with solid areas (p<0.0001) and thick papillary projections (p<0.0001) had statistically significant association with malignant lesions. RMI score (>200) had more efficacy than serum CA-125 level (>46) in differentiating malignant lesions from benign one in terms of specificity (96% vs 83.87%) and positive predictive value (95% vs 79.17%). Conclusions: RMI-3 score is a simple, reliable and effective tool in differentiating benign from malignant adnexal masses thereby help in quick referral and management of cases with increase chances of survival of the patients.

scholarly journals A novel decision tree model based on chromosome imbalances in cell-free DNA and CA-125 in the differential diagnosis of ovarian cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 172460082199235
Author(s):  
Weina Zhang ◽  
Yu-min Zhang ◽  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Shengmiao Zhang ◽  
Weixin Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Decision Tree ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Copy Number Variations ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Cell Free Dna ◽  
Free Dna

Objective: CA-125 is widely used as biomarker of ovarian cancer. However, CA-125 suffers low accuracy. We developed a hybrid analytical model, the Ovarian Cancer Decision Tree (OCDT), employing a two-layer decision tree, which considers genetic alteration information from cell-free DNA along with CA-125 value to distinguish malignant tumors from benign tumors. Methods: We consider major copy number alterations at whole chromosome and chromosome-arm level as the main feature of our detection model. Fifty-eight patients diagnosed with malignant tumors, 66 with borderline tumors, and 10 with benign tumors were enrolled. Results: Genetic analysis revealed significant arm-level imbalances in most malignant tumors, especially in high-grade serous cancers in which 12 chromosome arms with significant aneuploidy ( P<0.01) were identified, including 7 arms with significant gains and 5 with significant losses. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.8985 for copy number variations analysis, compared to 0.8751 of CA125. The OCDT was generated with a cancerous score (CScore) threshold of 5.18 for the first level, and a CA-125 value of 103.1 for the second level. Our most optimized OCDT model achieved an AUC of 0.975. Conclusions: The results suggested that genetic variations extracted from cfDNA can be combined with CA-125, and together improved the differential diagnosis of malignant from benign ovarian tumors. The model would aid in the pre-operative assessment of women with adnexal masses. Future clinical trials need to be conducted to further evaluate the value of CScore in clinical settings and search for the optimal threshold for malignancy detection.

Clinical and diagnostic aspects of deep infiltrative endometriosis (diagnosis, treatment, recurrence)

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-313
Author(s):  
Shakhnoza K. Muftaidinova ◽  
Leonid Z. Faizullin ◽  
Vladimir D. Chuprynin ◽  
Nikolai S. Ruseikin ◽  
Tatiana I. Smolnova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Hormonal Therapy ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Deep Endometriosis ◽  
Preoperative Serum ◽  
Peritoneal Endometriosis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Deep Infiltrative Endometriosis

Aim. To analyze the recurrence of endometriosis after surgical treatment of patients with deep endometriosis. Materials and methods. The case histories of 90 patients aged 19 to 45 years were retrospectively analyzed. The study group consisted of 70 endometriosis patients: 20 with peritoneal endometriosis and 50 with deep infiltrative endometriosis (DIЕ). The comparison group included 20 women without endometriosis. There was an in-depth study of anamnestic data in the cohort of patients under study. The results of preoperative laboratory tests, including serum levels of the CA-125 and CA 19-9 oncomarkers, were processed. Results. Analysis of the obtained data showed that about half of the DIE patients (54%) in the main group had a history of surgical interventions for endometriosis. The number of operations was significantly higher in patients compared to the peritoneal endometriosis group (68% vs 20%, respectively; р=0.0012). Two subgroups were formed from the group of women with DIE: patients who had no history of previous surgical treatment for endometriosis and those hospitalized for repeated surgical treatment of endometriosis (patients with recurrent endometriosis). Patients with recurrent endometriosis had a significantly higher incidence of heavy menstruation, pregnancy terminations (abortions), and a high proportion of gastrointestinal diseases. Analysis of the hormonal therapy received in patients with DIE showed that every second patient with relapses (18/53%) after surgical treatment and every third patient without a prior history of surgery (5/31%) received hormonal therapy. Examination of the preoperative serum levels of CA-125 and CA 19-9 serum markers in patients with DIE showed an increase in their serum levels and a correlation with the frequency of endometriosis recurrence and the size of DIE foci. Conclusion. Despite the conservative and surgical treatment of DIE patients, the recurrence rate is still high. At present, there is no satisfactory therapy for all endometriosis patients. Therefore, the development of therapy for the conservative treatment of the disease remains an urgent task.

scholarly journals High serum and ascitic soluble interleukin-2 receptor alpha levels in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer [see comments]

Blood ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 424-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
DP Barton ◽  
DK Blanchard ◽  
B Michelini-Norris ◽  
SV Nicosia ◽  
D Cavanagh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Ascitic Fluid ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Soluble Interleukin 2 Receptor ◽  
Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

Abstract This study was undertaken to determine if advanced epithelial ovarian cancer was associated with increased serum and ascitic levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptor alpha (sIL-2R alpha). Serum and ascitic fluid samples from 23 ovarian cancer patients were analyzed for sIL-2R alpha using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and compared with the serum and peritoneal levels in 18 normal females. The samples were analyzed for CA-125 levels using a radioimmunoassay and the total protein was also measured. Normal individuals had low serum levels of sIL-2R alpha (367.5 +/- 44.6 U/mL), with similar levels of sIL-2R alpha in the normal peritoneal fluid (438.6 +/- 48.8 U/mL). In contrast, the serum and ascitic fluid levels in ovarian cancer patients were significantly higher (746.7 +/- 82.9 U/mL, P = .0006; 2,656.7 +/- 373.7 U/mL, P = .00002, respectively). The results for sIL-2R alpha were also significant when the levels were expressed per milligram of total protein. More importantly, in almost every ovarian cancer patient the ascitic sIL-2R alpha level far exceeded the serum level, a pattern also observed for CA-125. There was no correlation between the serum and ascitic sIL-2R alpha levels, or between the serum and ascitic CA-125 levels. Although the serum levels of sIL-2R alpha and CA-125 were elevated in the same patient, overall there was no correlation between the serum sIL-2R alpha and serum CA-125 levels, either when the levels were expressed in absolute units or per milligram of total protein. Similarly, there was no correlation between sIL-2R alpha and CA-125 levels in individual ascitic samples. While CA-125 levels may reflect an independent index of tumor burden, these results suggest that selective accumulation of sIL-2R alpha in the ascites may be one of the factors associated with the known nonresponsiveness of the infiltrating lymphocytes against ovarian carcinoma cells.

Prognostic significance of elevated pretreatment serum levels of CEA and CA-125 in epithelial ovarian cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-292
Author(s):  
Yu-Han Lin ◽  
Chen-Hsuan Wu ◽  
Hung-Chun Fu ◽  
Yu-Jen Chen ◽  
Yin-Yi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Pretreatment Serum

Early evaluation of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in stage IIIC-IV epithelial ovarian cancer patients by 18FDG-PET and CA 125: Preliminary findings from the Arianna Project 02

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 15039-15039
Author(s):  
N. Cacciari ◽  
S. Fanti ◽  
C. Zamagni ◽  
M. Rosati ◽  
F. Massari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Standardized Uptake Value ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Pelvic Mri ◽  
Early Evaluation ◽  
18Fdg Pet ◽  
Early Tumor

15039 Background: Early evaluation of response to primary chemotherapy (PSC) in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) pts could allow to administer a proper number of cycles in order to obtain optimal results. Arianna Project 02 is aimed to investigate early tumor response to PSC correlating a set of routine and experimental hystological, biological and gene-expression profile data with clinical data before, during and after PSC. Methods: Stage III-IV EOC received 6 cycles of carboplatin AUC 5 and paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 and are evaluated at baseline and before each cycle by 18FDG-PET, CA 125, circulating tumor cells and experimental circulating bio-markers. Ultrasounds, CT scan and pelvic MRI are done at baseline and every other cycle. This preliminary report is focused on the correlation between changes of PET and CA 125 serum levels and pathological response. Results: Up to now 6 out of 11 pts completed PSC and surgery. Baseline tumoral 18FDG uptake expressed as Standardized Uptake Value (SUV) and CA125 were abnormal in all pts (SUVmax range: 12.1–20; CA 125 range: 416–2026 U/ml, upper normal limit 35 U/ml). One complete and 4 partial pathological remissions > 90% and one no change were observed. Mean (with range) SUVmax and CA125 decrease (Δ SUV and Δ CA125) measured after the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and last cycle of PSC in the 5 responders are similar (table). In the non-responder SUV decreased by 63% after the 1st cycle of PSC, but increased to baseline value after the 2nd cycle and remained unchanged until surgery, while CA 125 progressively decreased from 416 U/ml to 47 U/ml. Conclusions: These preliminary findings indicate that the behaviour of PET and CA 125 in responders are similar. More data are necessary to define the role of PET in the early evaluation of response to PSC in EOC pts. The study is still ongoing and the relationship between evaluation performed by PET and CA125 and by CT scan, ultrasound and pelvic MRI will be presented at ASCO meeting. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Immunohistochemical Study of CA 125 in Surface Epithelial Tumors of Ovary in Correlation with Serum Levels

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. A355-360
Author(s):  
Karishma Pillarisetty ◽  
Savithri Ravindra
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Ovarian Neoplasms ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Tissue Expression ◽  
Epithelial Differentiation ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Cancer Antigen 125 ◽  
Cancer Antigen ◽  
Epithelial Tumors ◽  
Wide Range

Background: Ovarian carcinoma is the 4th leading cancer among women in India. Primary ovarian neoplasms exhibit a wide range of histopathological patterns and tumors with epithelial differentiation are most frequent. Among malignant tumors, most common histological type is serous adenocarcinoma whose diagnosis is established in advanced stages of disease in approximately 75% of patients. The most widely used tumor marker in ovarian cancer, often considered “gold standard” is Cancer Antigen125. Cancer Antigen 125 is a high molecular weight glycoprotein which is raised in approximately 90% of patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.   Methods: A 2 year prospective study included 81 cases of ovarian neoplasms with surface epithelial differentiation.  The specimens were fixed in 10% formalin, routinely processed. Sections of 4-5 microns thickness were obtained from the paraffin block and stained with Hematoxylin & Eosin. The tumors were categorised according to WHO classification.  Immunohistochemical analysis of Cancer Antigen 125 was done in all malignant & borderline tumors.   Result: A total of 81 cases were studied. There were 15 cases with elevated serum Cancer Antigen 125 levels. Of these 8 showed positive tissue expression. The sensitivity of serum Cancer Antigen 125 was 68.75% & its specificity was 93.8%.   Conclusion: Serum Cancer Antigen 125 is elevated in ovarian tumors especially in malignant surface epithelial tumors & more commonly in serous cystadenocarcinoma. There was a good correlation between serum levels & tissue expression of Cancer Antigen 125.

scholarly journals OVARIAN CANCER;

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (06) ◽  
pp. 904-908
Author(s):  
NASEER AHMED SHAIKH ◽  
RUKHSANA PARVEEN SAMO ◽  
M. QASIM MEMON
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Marker ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Serum Tumor Marker ◽  
Serous Cystadenocarcinoma ◽  
Appropriate Therapy ◽  
Sex Cord Stromal Tumors

Object: 1). To analyze of serum tumor marker CA-125 in patients with ovarian malignant tumors. 2). To correlate betweenthe serum levels of tumor marker with histological types of ovarian malignant tumors. Study Design: Institution based descriptive andprospective study. Place & Duration: Department of Pathology, Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, Jamshoro from January2009 to June 2011. Material & Methods: One hundred cases, diagnosed as ovarian malignant tumor on H&E staining were selected forstudy & measure serum CA-125 preoperatively and postoperatively in each case. Results: Out of 100 cases diagnosed as on H&E stainwere 33 serous cystadenocarcinoma, 24 mucinous adenocarcinoma, 10 germ cell tumors and 08 sex-cord stromal tumors. On serumanalysis increased level of CA-125 was seen preoperatively in 33/33 cases of serous cystadenocarcinoma and 24/29 cases of mucinousadenocarcinoma. Serum tumor marker value was declined following appropriate therapy of the tumors. Conclusions: Serum tumormarkers CA-125 is useful and important for the detection of ovarian tumors. It is most significant for serous cystadenocarcinoma. It mayalso help in prognosis and specific treatment of ovarian malignancies relating to histological type.

scholarly journals Study of ovarian cancer at a tertiary care centre

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 3228
Author(s):  
Jayashree Mulik ◽  
Swapnil Khadse
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
History Of ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: Despite major advances in case management, ovarian cancer continues to have the highest case fatality rate of all gynaecologic malignancies. There is paucity of meaningful screening and diagnostic protocols. Present study was planned with the objective of assessment of the prevalence of ovarian cancer and the associated risk factors at a tertiary care centre.Methods: The present prevalence study was conducted at a tertiary care government hospital and entailed analysis of data of 73 patients of ovarian cancer. All the participants were subjected to comprehensive history taking, followed by general, systemic, per-speculum and per-vaginal examination. Serum tumour markers of the patients were assessed. Imaging studies including ultrasound, CT or MRI abdomen/pelvis were done as per need. Final diagnosis was confirmed on histopathology and the cases were classified according to histological classification of World Health Organization.Results: Majority (41, 56.2%) were aged more than 45 years and above, most of them with one to two previous issues (64.3%). The disease was observed to be more common in postmenopausal women (65, 89%). Three fourth participants had negative family history of ovarian or breast cancer. Out of 73 patients, 31 had value of CA 125 between 150-400 U/mL and 42 had values >400 U/mL. Epithelial ovarian cancer (serous- 33, 45.2%, mucinous- 18, 24.7%) was observed to be the commonest histological type.Conclusions: To diagnose ovarian tumours early using multipronged approach with focussed risk factor identification and screening with CA-125 is very important and is strongly recommended.

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