scholarly journals Histomorphological and clinicopathological correlates of reflux esophagitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1925
Author(s):  
Vidhya V. ◽  
Leena Dennis Joseph ◽  
Ganesh P. ◽  
Jesse Jeswanth
Keyword(s):  
Basal Cell ◽  
Reflux Esophagitis ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Endoscopic Appearance ◽  
Cell Hyperplasia ◽  
Diagnostic Modality ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Cell Thickness

Background: Inflammatory lesions of the esophagus are major concerns to patients who visit our Medical Out Patient Department (OPD) on a regular basis. Endoscopic examination, with histopathological confirmation is the diagnostic modality employed in many centers. Endoscopic appearance is characteristic, and so are histomorphological findings. In our study we have analyzed the clinical, endoscopic and histomorphological findings of various types of esophagitis. This will help us to arrive at a correct diagnosis to initiate appropriate therapy.Methods: We included 141 cases of esophagitis reported in Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research from January 2016 to December 2020 in our study, mostly the ones which came as biopsy samples in histopathology section. Slides were reviewed, various histological features, clinical and endoscopic findings were correlated. Microsoft excel was used for the calculation of results.Results: Reflux esophagitis was most commonly seen in male patients (64%), between 40-60 years (35%) of age with presenting complaints of heart burn and clinical diagnosis of reflux esophagitis. Classic histological feature for the diagnosis of reflux esophagitis was epithelial hyperplasia noted in 89% male and 86% female patients, followed by increased basal cell thickness noted in 66% male and 55% female patients.Conclusions: Accurate diagnosis of reflux esophagitis is mainly based on histomorphological features. Capillaries in epithelium and basal cell hyperplasia along with history and endoscopic appearance to be considered for the diagnosis of reflux esophagitis.

Adenoid Cystic/Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Prostate: Review and Update

2007 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
pp. 637-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Dirlei Begnami ◽  
Martha Quezado ◽  
Peter Pinto ◽  
W. Marston Linehan ◽  
Maria Merino
Keyword(s):  
Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Basal Cell ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Cell Hyperplasia ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Prostate ◽  
Adenoid Cystic ◽  
Prostate Carcinomas ◽  
Review Current

Abstract Context.—Although most prostate carcinomas are of the conventional acinar type, unusual variants have been reported. Adenoid cystic/basal cell carcinoma of the prostate is a rare tumor with distinctive histopathologic features. There are only a few publications in the literature concerning the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of this neoplasm. Objective.—To review current literature together with the clinical, pathologic, and immunohistochemical features of adenoid cystic/basal cell carcinoma of the prostate and offer a practical approach to the diagnosis—including the differential diagnosis—of this neoplasm in surgical pathologic specimens. Data Sources.—Adenoid cystic/basal cell carcinoma of the prostate is composed of infiltrating basaloid cells forming dilated acinar and cribriform spaces with luminal basementlike material. Differentiation of adenoid cystic/basal cell carcinoma from basal cell hyperplasia and cribriform pattern of acinar adenocarcinoma may be difficult. The use of cytokeratin 34βE12 and prostate-specific antigen can help in difficult cases. Most cases are indolent, but metastasis has been documented in a few cases. Conclusions.—Various histologic and immunohistochemical features are helpful in recognizing adenoid cystic/basal cell carcinoma of the prostate. This is a rare subtype of prostate cancer and correct diagnosis is important because of the unique clinical and biological features and the implications for treatment and prognosis.

scholarly journals Diagnostic performance of high-resolution ultrasound in pre- and postoperative evaluation of the hand tendons injuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abdelrahman Mohamed Baz ◽  
Aya Bahaa Hussien ◽  
Hesham Mostafa Abdel Samad ◽  
Hatem Mohamed Said El-Azizi
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Tendon Injuries ◽  
Diagnostic Modality ◽  
Complete Tear ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Mri Study ◽  
Operative Assessment ◽  
Gold Standards

Abstract Background Hand tendon injuries are recognized clinical entities that are frequently seen. Clinical examinations usually warrant radiological correlative studies for confirmation and as a postoperative screening test. Here is a prospective observational cohort study enrolling 30 patients who were diagnosed clinically to have hand tendon injuries either pre- or postoperative; their ages were ranging from 5 to 64 years with a mean ± SD of 31.43 ± 12.19 years; 23 male patients (76.7%) and 7 female patients (23.3%) were evaluated by high-resolution ultrasound examination and a correlative evaluation was done by either intra-operative assessment or MRI study as gold standards. Results High-resolution ultrasound (HRUS) findings were binned into seventeen cases (56%) that had tendon tears, of which 10 cases (33.3%) had a complete tear and 7 cases (23.3%) had a partial tear. Postoperative tendon integrity was present in 13 cases (43.3%), a tendon callus was found in 2 cases (6.66%), and a postoperative abnormal motion on the dynamic study was present in 15 cases (50%). Intra-tendinous foreign bodies were detected in two cases (6.66%), a gap between the torn ends was found in 10 cases (33.3%), and re-tear (rupture) of the repaired tendons was present in four cases (13.3%). Coexistent nerve injuries were seen in two cases (6.66%); for the forementioned findings, HRUS had gained high accuracy measures as correlated to the gold standards (100% sensitivity and 100% specificity). Conclusion High-resolution ultrasound serves as a highly accurate potential diagnostic modality for preoperative evaluation of hand tendon injuries and the postoperative follow-up.

Evaluation of a new diagnostic modality for distal assessment of advanced, obstructing hypopharyngeal cancer

2006 ◽  
Vol 121 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-377
Author(s):  
M H Abd El-Monem ◽  
Emad A Magdy
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Extent Of Resection ◽  
Hypopharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Resection Margins ◽  
Diagnostic Modality ◽  
Tumour Extension ◽  
Skip Lesions ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Endoscopic Assessment

Introduction: Pre-operative endoscopic assessment of the distal extension of hypopharyngeal cancer is essential for proper surgical extirpation. This assessment is frequently not feasible in advanced, obstructing tumours.Aims: To study the role of a proposed new diagnostic technique: intra-operative open oesophagoscopy, in distal assessment of advanced hypopharyngeal cancer.Materials and methods: A clinicopathological study, including 35 consecutive patients with obstructing hypopharyngeal cancer.Results: Intra-operative open oesophagoscopy revealed inferior submucosal tumour extension in 19 out of 22 cases proven histopathologically, with a sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 86, 100 and 91 per cent, respectively. Oesophageal skip lesions were detected in two cases. Intra-operative open oesophagoscopy findings surpassed data obtained from pre-operative radiological investigations and influenced the extent of resection performed. Accordingly, 19 patients had a total laryngopharyngectomy for local disease control, while 16 patients needed an additional total oesophagectomy. Histopathologically negative inferior resection margins were obtained in all cases.Conclusions: Intra-operative open oesophagoscopy was found to be a reliable diagnostic modality for distal assessment of obstructing hypopharyngeal cancer in cases in which pre-operative distal endoscopic examination was not feasible.

scholarly journals Low grade urothelial carcinoma mimicking basal cell hyperplasia and transitional metaplasia in needle prostate biopsy

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Arista-Nasr ◽  
Braulio Martinez-Benitez ◽  
Leticia Bornstein-Quevedo ◽  
Elizmara Aguilar-Ayala ◽  
Claudia Natalia Aleman-Sanchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Basal Cell ◽  
Prostate Biopsy ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cell Hyperplasia ◽  
Basal Cell Hyperplasia

Characterization of prostatic basal cell hyperplasia and neoplasia in aged macaques: Comparative pathology in human and nonhuman primates

The Prostate ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F. McEntee ◽  
Jonathan I. Epstein ◽  
Rebecca Syring ◽  
Lauren A. Tierney ◽  
John D. Strandberg
Keyword(s):  
Basal Cell ◽  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
Cell Hyperplasia ◽  
Basal Cell Hyperplasia ◽  
Comparative Pathology

scholarly journals Analysis of the grade of esophagitis, chromendoscopical and histological findings of esophagus in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease before and after the therapy

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 991-997
Author(s):  
Vesna Brzacki ◽  
Aleksandar Nagorni ◽  
Dragan Mihailovic ◽  
Suzana Raicevic-Sibinovic ◽  
Bojan Mladenovic
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Basal Cell ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Eradication Therapy ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Histological Findings ◽  
Cell Hyperplasia ◽  
Basal Cell Hyperplasia ◽  
Before And After

Background/Aim. The symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux desease (GERD) are among the most common complaints for which patients are indicated for visiting gastroenterologist. It occurs as a result of the effect made by gastric reflux contents that moves into the esophagus. The prevalence of all forms of GERD is 40%. The aim of this study was to analyze the grade of esophagitis, chromendoscopical and histological findings of esophagus in patients with GERD before and after the therapy. Methods. A prospective study included 90 patients with symptoms of GERD, divided into 2 groups depending on whether they had endoscopic signs of gastroezophageal reflux (group ERD), or not (group NERD). All the patients had esophagogastroduodenoscopy, chromoendoscopy staining, test for Helicobacter pylori and histological findings of the esophagus. In the patients with Helicobacter pylori infection eradication therapy was done. Results. Esophagitis-B level was present in most of the patients. Among the groups, roughly the same number responded to positive findings on chromoendoscopy. After the therapy, chromoendoscopy was significantly negative in both groups of the patients comparing to chromoendoscopy before the therapy (p = 0.00001). Multiplication and elongation of papilla, basal cell hyperplasia, vascular dilatation, increasing of mitotic activity and the presence of polymorphonuclear leukocyte cells were statistically more frequent histological findings in the group ERB compared to the group NERB. After the therapy, the patients in both groups had statistically less histological findings of appropriate esophageal parameters. Conclusion. Chromoendoscopy combined with the standard endoscopy increases the sensitivity and specificity for reflux disease. Histology in the reflux disease is associated with endoscopic and clinical findings so that the localization of taking biopsies and histological criteria of pathohistological changes must be clearly defined. Multiplication and elongation of papilla, basal cell hyperplasia and the presence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes are the most relevant criteria in the diagnosis NERD.

scholarly journals Esophago-gastroduodenal ulceration complicated by duodenal perforation in a three year old Thoroughbred colt: a case report

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 374-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Bezdekova
Keyword(s):  
Duodenal Ulcer ◽  
Delayed Gastric Emptying ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Gastric Ulceration ◽  
Exercise Intolerance ◽  
Duodenal Perforation ◽  
Endoscopic Appearance ◽  
Blood Examination ◽  
Septic Peritonitis ◽  
Gastroduodenal Ulceration

: A three year old Thoroughbred colt was admitted to our clinic because of chronic inapetence, weight loss and exercise intolerance. Clinical examination, blood examination and endoscopy were carried out. The endoscopic appearance of the distal esophagus was characterized by extensive and severe ulceration. Gastroscopy revealed severe diffuse ulceration of the entire nonglandular mucosa. A diagnosis of esophago-gastric ulceration and delayed gastric emptying was made. Shortly after endoscopic examination the colt developed acute severe colic with profuse diarrhea and was euthanized. Necropsy and histopathology were performed. The most notable abnormalities were severe and extensive esophageal, gastric and duodenal ulcerations. One duodenal ulcer was perforated and acute septic peritonitis developed. The diagnosis was thus confirmed and extended – esophago-gastroduodenal ulceration with complication of duodenal perforation.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of giant cell arteritis

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii5-iii16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Ponte ◽  
Joana Martins-Martinho ◽  
Raashid Ahmed Luqmani
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Vasculitis ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Temporal Artery ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Temporal Artery Biopsy ◽  
Diagnostic Modality ◽  
Significant Toxicity ◽  
Primary Systemic Vasculitis ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Low Sensitivity

Abstract GCA is the most common form of primary systemic vasculitis affecting older people. It is considered a clinical emergency because it can lead to irreversible blindness in around 20% of untreated cases. High doses of glucocorticoids should be initiated promptly to prevent disease-related complications; however, glucocorticoids therapy usually results in significant toxicity. Therefore, correct diagnosis is crucial. For many years, temporal artery biopsy has been considered the diagnostic ‘gold standard’ for GCA, but it has many limitations (including low sensitivity). US has proven to be effective for diagnosing GCA and can reliably replace temporal artery biopsy in particular clinical settings. In cases of suspected GCA with large-vessel involvement, other imaging modalities can be used for diagnosis (e.g. CT and PET). Here we review the current evidence for each diagnostic modality and propose an algorithm to diagnose cranial-GCA in a setting with rapid access to high quality US.

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