scholarly journals The effect of ladder approach on development of preterm low birth weight infants with HIE-2

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 520
Author(s):  
Tushar R. Jadhav ◽  
Shailaja S. Jaywant
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Premature infants with Peri-natal asphyxia leading to a hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) are at greater risk for cerebral palsy. HIE grade II infants have long term neurological complications due to maladaptive brain wiring during NICU stay. Ladder approach, with graded stimulation program is administered by Occupational therapist, plays a vital role to minimize the maladaptive responses to environment. Objective of this study was to effect of Ladder Approach on preterm low birth weight Infants with HIE-2 as compared to conventional treatment. Design of this study was to Prospective Block Randomized Convenient Sampling Control Trial, Experimental design study. The study was carried out in the NICU and PU ward of Tertiary care hospital in metropolitan city from April 2015 to October 2016. The study subjects included a convenient sample of 30 preterm Low birth weight HIE-2 infants randomly selected into study or control groups. Neonatal behavioural Assessment scale (NBAS), Infant Neurological International Battery (INFANIB).Methods: The preterm infants from study group who received Ladder Approach and control group who received routine conventional care only. Outcome measures NBAS was at baseline and first follow up. INFANIB was administered at second follow up to assess neurodevelopment.Results: Showed that the premature infants of the study had significant difference in neuro behavioral status with mean for all subcomponents from to post intervention mean 39.6 in experimental group and from baseline mean of 24.3 to post intervention mean score of 33.2 in control group on neurobehavioral scale. Further neurodevelopmental status showed similar results on INFANIB in experimental group.Conclusions: The premature Infants with HIE grade 2, receiving ladder approach have shown more mature responses resulting into well-organized Neurobehavioral status, and resulted in improved brain wiring as evident in INFANIB.

Infant Health and Development Program for Low Birth Weight, Premature Infants: Program Elements, Family Participation, and Child Intelligence

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 454-465
Author(s):  
Craig T. Ramey ◽  
Donna M. Bryant ◽  
Barbara H. Wasik ◽  
Joseph J. Sparling ◽  
Kaye H. Fendt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Infant Health ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Family Participation ◽  
Health And Development

The Infant Health and Development Program was an eight-site randomized controlled trial testing the efficacy of early intervention to enhance the cognitive, behavioral, and health status of low birth weight, premature infants. The 377 intervention families received for the first 3 years of life: (1) pediatric follow-up, (2) home visits, (3) parent support groups, and (4) a systematic educational program provided in specialized child development centers. The control group (n = 608) received the same pediatric follow-up and referral services only. This paper describes the delivery of the intervention and its outcomes. A Family Participation Index that was the sum of participation frequencies in each of the program modalities unique to the intervention revealed that program implementation was not different across the eight sites. Index scores did not vary systematically with mother's ethnicity, age, or education or with child's birth weight, gender, or neonatal health status; but they were positively related to children's IQ scores at age 3. Only 1.9% of children of families in the highest tercile of participation scored in the mentally retarded range (IQ ≤70), whereas 3.5% and 13% of children in the middle and lowest participation terciles, respectively, scored in the retarded range. Similar findings were obtained for borderline intellectual functioning. These findings are consistent with previous research linking intensity of intervention services with degree of positive cognitive outcomes for high-risk infants. The determinants of variations in individual family participation remain unknown.

scholarly journals To Study the Role of Zinc Supplementation on Growth of Low Birth Weight Infants

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Ravindra Sonawane ◽  
Suhas Patil ◽  
Lalit Gulati ◽  
Sagar Sonawane
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Length Gain

This was a randomized controlled trial undertaken to study the role of zinc supplementation on growth of low birth weight infants (b.wt≤2500 gm). Out of 120 LBW infants, 23 were excluded due to loss of follow up. The remaining 97 LBW eligible neonates were randomized in to 2 group (zinc & control group), zinc group were given zinc supplementation at a dose of 2 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks from enrollment. They were then followed up every 4 weeks up to 8 weeks. At each visit, detail anthropometry including e weight, length, and head circumference were recorded at each visit. The infants in the zinc group had significantly higher weight gain (p<0.000), length gain (p<0.000), linear growth velocity and head circumference at 8 weeks. We concluded that zinc supplementation at 2 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks in LBW infants improves their growth during infancy.

Investigating the changes in amino acid values in premature infants: a pilot study

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqi Yang ◽  
Bin Yu ◽  
Wei Long ◽  
Huaiyan Wang ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Normal Birth

AbstractBackground:The objective of the study was to investigate the changes in amino acid (AAs) values in premature infants.Methods:A total of 2159 premature and/or low birth weight infants were recruited for this study. They were divided into three groups: premature infants with normal birth weight (G1), simple low birth weight infants (G2) and premature combined with low birth weight infants (G3). The tandem mass spectrometry technique was used to detect the levels of 11 AAs in neonatal blood.Results:Compared with normal babies, there were eight and five AAs that significantly changed in G1 and G2, respectively. It was worth noting that the changes greatly exacerbated when the babies were both premature and of low birth weight. All the levels of AAs demonstrated significant changes in G3 compared with the normal control group (G4). With the increase in gestational age, the AAs in premature infants tended to the levels in normal newborns. Meanwhile, there was a correlation between AAs and birth weight. Four AAs significantly changed with the increase in body weight. Among normal newborns, the levels of AAs in girls were significantly higher than in boys. However, if the newborns were premature or had low birth weight, the differences between AA values and sexual distinction would decrease. In the end, we established the specific reference ranges of AAs for premature and/or low birth weight infants.Conclusions:There were significant differences in AAs in the premature and/or low birth weight infants. Gestational age and birth weight were two important factors inflecting the AAs metabolism.

scholarly journals Prevalence of maternal periodontitis and its association with preterm and low birth weight infants: a hospital-based study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1767
Author(s):  
Priyanka S. ◽  
Sowmya Koteshwara ◽  
Anitha Subappa
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Severe Periodontitis ◽  
Gestational Age At Delivery

Background: Preterm deliveries and low birth are important causes of infant mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between maternal periodontitis and preterm and low birth weight at delivery and to correlate the severity of periodontitis with obstetric outcome.Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted in Outpatient Department of Tertiary Care Hospital. Pregnant women who had regular antenatal checkup at were screened clinically for periodontitis. Those who were diagnosed with periodontitis and satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria were considered as cases (n=45) and equal number of pregnant women without periodontal disease (n=45) were included in the study as controls. These patients were followed up and gestational age at delivery and baby’s birth weight was noted and correlated to the maternal periodontal status.Results: The prevalence of maternal periodontitis was found to be 11.4%. Mean age, socioeconomic status and educational status was comparable. 33.3%, 40% of the cases v/s 17.8%, 24.4% of controls had preterm deliveries and LBW infants respectively. 26.8% of cases with mild periodontitis and all cases of moderate and severe periodontitis had preterm birth. Additionally, 34.1% of cases with mild periodontitis and all cases with moderate and severe periodontitis had low birth weight infants (p=0.02).Conclusions: Maternal periodontitis is found to be associated with preterm and low birth weight deliveries. The severity of periodontitis is inversely related to gestational age at delivery and birth weight of infant. Thus, periodontitis is suggested to be a modifiable risk factor for preterm and low birth deliveries.

PLASTIC BAG WRAP FOR PREVENTION OF HYPOTHERMIA IN PRETERM AND LOW-BIRTH WEIGHT INFANTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Dian Ramawati ◽  
Hikmi Muharromah Pratiwi ◽  
Candra Andodo
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Care Protocol ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Plastic Bag

Introduction. Hypothermia is low-body temperature (less than 36,5°C) that can caused morbidity and mortality in premature newborn and or low-birth weight newborn. Plastic has often been used to prevent the heat loss in newborn.The aim of study was to measure the effectiveness of plastic bag wrap to prevent hypothermia in preterm and low-birth weight infant. Method. The study design was quasy expertment non randomized pretest-posttest with control group. In intervention group, there were five premature and or low-birth weight newborns that were being wrapped with special design plastic bag from neck to toe after been given neonatal standard care protocol. While, in control group, there were six newborns with the same baseline criteria as intervention group without plastic bag wrap. The measurement of body temperature used digital thermometer on babies’ axilla before and after one-hour intervention. Data analysis used t test. Result. The result showed there was almost significant difference in body temperature in newborn before and after intervention (pvalue 0.056). Discussion. Plastic bag wrap is effective to prevent hypothermia in premature and or low-birth weight newborn as much as 60% with body temperatur changes +0.4°C. Keywords: Plastic Bag Wrap, Hypothermia, Preterm, Low-Birth weight

scholarly journals Obstetrical and perinatal outcome in adolescent pregnancy: a retrospective study at a tertiary care center in rural India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1733
Author(s):  
Arpitha Shruthi ◽  
Sheela S. R. ◽  
Vishnu Priya Kesani
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Adolescent Pregnancy ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Adolescent pregnancy is a serious health and social problem worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the obstetrical and perinatal outcomes of nulliparous adolescent pregnancies in a tertiary care centre in rural India.Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted between April 2017 and March 2018.Adolescent primigravidae completing 28 weeks of gestation with singleton pregnancy were included in the study group. Primigravidae aged between 20 and 25 years were taken as a control group. The factors under study included obstetric complications and neonatal outcomes. The association was considered significant at P-value <0.05.Results: 450 women were included in the study group and 460 to the control group. The incidence of adolescent pregnancy was 18.3% during the study period. The adolescent mothers had a significantly higher incidence of preeclampsia (12.8 % vs 8.4 %; p = 0.03), eclampsia (3.5% vs 1.5%; p = 0.01), preterm delivery (18.6% vs 10.8%; p = 0.0009), low birth weight (39.1 % vs 24.2 %; p = 0.00001),very low birth weight babies (13.7 % vs 8.7 %; p = 0.01) compared to control group. There was higher proportion of NICU admissions in adolescent group (20.8% vs 12.3 %; p = 0.0005) compared to control group. No significant difference was found regarding postpartum complications and still birth.Conclusions: Adolescent pregnancy is associated with poorer feto-maternal outcomes. Regular antenatal visits, adequate nutritional supplementation and early detection of high-risk factors may contribute in decreasing the obstetric risk of childbirth in adolescent mothers.

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