To study the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea in type 2 diabetes patients in Western Rajasthan, India

Background: Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) has been too common yet under diagnosed clinical entity. It is associated with the metabolic syndrome, a cluster of cardio-metabolic parameters including central obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension and dyslipidemia. Obesity predisposes to both OSA and disorders in glucose metabolism. There is growing evidence that OSA confers an independent risk of adverse glucose metabolism.Methods: The present study conducted in the Department of Medicine at MDM Hospital attached to Dr. S.N. Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. Participants after understanding the study protocol and procedure, asked to give their written consent for the study. It was a cross sectional hospital based study in patients, screened at Diabetic clinic and those referred from the periphery. Berlin questionnaires and Epworth score are tools to screen for OSA attending the Medicine OPD and IPD, Dr. S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur. 50 patients with type 2 DM and 20 age and sex-matched controls were studied. Randomly selected T2DM subjects of age 20 to 75 years both sex with obesity, BMI>25 kg/m2, clinical history suggestive of OSA, Epworth score>6, Positive Berlin questionnaires were included in the study. Acute and unstable medical condition e.g. CHF, CRF, COPD, Recent stroke, Acute ACS, Pregnant women were excluded.Results: In the study OSA was prevalent in the diabetic population (54%), Mean age of the study population was 54.96±9.35 years. OSA was found to be increased with increasing age with maximum prevalence in ≥60 year’s age group. OSA was more prevalent in the male population (64.29%), in urban population. Snoring, observed sleep apnoea, restless sleep/insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness and non-refreshing sleep were significantly associated with OSA. (P<0.001). Prevalence of OSA was more in high BMI group (≥35 kg/m2), OSA increased with increase in neck circumference. OSA was more in subjects with uncontrolled diabetes (blood sugar>200 mg/dl), smokers and alcoholics.Conclusions: This study shows that OSA has a high prevalence in subjects with T2DM and identify several factors that may be associated with its presence in the diabetic population. OSA can be usefully and easily assessed in an outpatient setting by using a portable device such as Apnea Link. Clinicians should increase patients' awareness of the signs and symptoms of OSA and refer for sleep studies when appropriate. Once diagnosed, patients should be encouraged to adhere to CPAP treatment in order to halt progression and prevent complications.

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Obstructive Sleep Apnoea and Type 2 Diabetes

European Endocrinology ◽

10.17925/ee.2014.10.01.43 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 43 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Abd A Tahrani ◽

Asad Ali ◽

◽

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽

Medical Condition ◽

Diabetes Type 2 ◽

Sleep Apnoea ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Impact

With the growing prevalence of obesity, the burden of type 2 diabetes is increasing. Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a very common medical condition that is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. Obesity is a common risk factor for OSA and type 2 diabetes and hence it is not surprising that OSA and type 2 diabetes are interlinked. OSA has been shown to be an independent risk factor for the development of incident pre-diabetes/type 2 diabetes. OSA is also associated with worse glycaemic control and vascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, evidence for the benefits of OSA treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes is still lacking. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of OSA, the relationships between OSA and dysglycaemia and the impact of OSA in patients with type 2 diabetes, highlighting recent advances in the field.

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Predisposing Factors and Surgical Management of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in Children

Bangladesh Medical Journal ◽

10.3329/bmj.v46i2.40213 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 22-25

Author(s):

Syed Hasan Imam Al-Masum ◽

Syed AM Asfarul Abedin ◽

Anup Kumar Chowdhury ◽

Bishwojit Kumar Saha ◽

Md Nazmul Islam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽

Upper Airway ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sleep Apnoea ◽

Outcome Data ◽

Child Growth ◽

College Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Obstructive Sleep

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a condition characterized by episodic partial or complete obstruction of the upper airway during sleep. This cause apnoea or cessation of breathing. During sleep, muscles around the airway relax causing the throat and upper airway to narrow. This leads to snoring, but it can also lead to the airway being blocked. Trying to breathe against a blocked airway causes oxygen levels to fall and carbon dioxide to rise. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of ENT, Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital and Dhaka Medical College Hospital from April to September’2015. The purpose of the study was to prevent significant morbidity and enhancement of child growth. One hundred children of OSA were studied by detail history and clinical examination. All children whose parents consulted their ENT surgeon in Dhaka Shishu(Children) Hospital and DMCH for snoring or laboured breathing during sleep (nocturnal sweating particularly in the nuchal area, unusual sleeping positions, restless sleep, awakening and excessive movements, intercostals recession and dry mouth) were included in the study. More common predisposing conditions for OSA were obesity and Craniofacial anomalies which were 34% and 27% respectively. In present study most of the children (73%) were managed by Adenotonsillectomy and 27% children were manage by Adenoidectomy. Outcome data have demonstrated that surgical therapy can be successful in the treatment of OSA. Bangladesh Med J. 2017 May; 46 (2): 22-25

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Association of Sleep Related Breathing-Disorder with Systemic Hypertension - A Cross Sectional Study from Akola, India

Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences ◽

10.14260/jemds/2021/536 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (32) ◽

pp. 2620-2623

Author(s):

Dhondiba Haribhau Bhise

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽

Medical Condition ◽

Pressure Control ◽

Sleep Apnoea ◽

Systemic Hypertension ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Improve Blood Pressure Control ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Hypopnea Syndrome

BACKGROUND Hypertension or elevated blood pressure is a serious medical condition, obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is an important identifiable cause of hypertension. Early identification and treatment of sleep disordered breathing contributes to prevention of hypertension, and treatment of OSA may improve blood pressure control as well. This observational study was done to demonstrate the association of sleepdisordered breathing with patients who have systemic hypertension. METHODS Total 94 patients were included in this study. Out of ninety-four patients, eleven patients had mild sleep apnoea, nine patients had moderate sleep apnoea, and twelve had severe sleep apnoea. RESULTS In mild OSA there were four patients with blood pressure < 120 / 80 mmHg while seven patients with blood pressure of 121 - 140 / 81 - 90 and there were four patients with blood pressure 141 / 91. In moderate OSA there were 9, 3, 6 and 1 patients in the group of blood pressure < 120 / 80, 121 - 140 / 81 - 90, > 140 - 160 / 91 - 100 and > 160 / 100 mmHg respectively. In severe obstructive sleep apnoea there were 5, 7, 6 and 2 patients in the group of blood pressure < 120 / 80, 121 - 140 / 81 - 90, 141 - 160 / 91 - 100 and > 160 / 100 mmHg respectively. The severity of hypertension is strongly associated with apnoea-hypopnea index (AHI). CONCLUSIONS This study shows a statistically significant association of hypertension with obstructive sleep apnoea and increased severity of hypertension associated with the increased severity of obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). KEY WORDS Hypertension, polysomnography, apnoea / hypopnea index (AHI), Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), Body Mass Index (BMI), obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), obstructive sleep apnoea / hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS)

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Prevalence of glaucoma in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea—a cross-sectional case-series

Eye ◽

10.1038/sj.eye.6702846 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 22 (9) ◽

pp. 1105-1109 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

R E Bendel ◽

J Kaplan ◽

M Heckman ◽

P A Fredrickson ◽

S-C Lin

Keyword(s):

Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽

Case Series ◽

Sleep Apnoea ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Obstructive Sleep

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Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Impairs Heart Rate Variability in Patients with the Metabolic Syndrome

Heart Lung and Circulation ◽

10.1016/j.hlc.2007.06.215 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

pp. S84

Author(s):

B. Weatherhead ◽

C. Neil ◽

M. Barnes ◽

R. Pierce ◽

A. Collins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽

Sleep Apnoea ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Obstructive Sleep

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Obstructive Sleep Apnoea and Type 2 Diabetes

US Endocrinology ◽

10.17925/use.2014.10.01.35 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 10 (01) ◽

pp. 35 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abd A Tahrani ◽

Asad Ali ◽

◽

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Medical Condition ◽

Diabetes Type 2 ◽

Sleep Apnoea ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Osa Treatment ◽

The Impact

With the growing prevalence of obesity, the burden of type 2 diabetes is increasing. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a very common medical condition that is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease and mortality. Obesity is a common risk factor for OSA and type 2 diabetes and hence it is not surprising that OSA and type 2 diabetes are interlinked. OSA has been shown to be an independent risk factor for the development of incident pre-diabetes/type 2 diabetes. OSA is also associated with worse glycemic control and vascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, evidence for the benefits of OSA treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes is still lacking. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of OSA, the relationships between OSA and dysglycemia and the impact of OSA in patients with type 2 diabetes, highlighting recent advances in the field.

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Self-reported sleepiness and not the apnoea hypopnoea index is the best predictor of sleepiness-related accidents in obstructive sleep apnoea

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-72430-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

P. Philip ◽

S. Bailly ◽

M. Benmerad ◽

J. A. Micoulaud-Franchi ◽

Y. Grillet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Sleep Apnoea ◽

Near Miss ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Periodic Leg Movements ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

History Of ◽

Respiratory Polygraphy ◽

Sectional Analysis

Abstract To evaluate the value of apnoea + hypopnoea index versus self-reported sleepiness at the wheel in anticipating the risk of sleepiness-related accidents in patients referred for obstructive sleep apnoea. A cross-sectional analysis of the French national obstructive sleep apnoea registry. 58,815 subjects referred for a suspicion of obstructive sleep apnoea were investigated by specific items addressing sleepiness at the wheel and sleepiness-related accidents. Apnoea + hypopnoea index was evaluated with a respiratory polygraphy or full polysomnography. Subjects had a median age of 55.6 years [45.3; 64.6], 65% were men, with a median apnoea + hypopnoea index of 22 [8; 39] events/h. Median Epworth sleepiness scale score was 9 [6; 13], 35% of the patients reported sleepiness at the wheel (n = 20,310), 8% (n = 4,588) reported a near-miss accident and 2% (n = 1,313) reported a sleepiness-related accident. Patients reporting sleepiness at the wheel whatever their obstructive sleep apnoea status and severity exhibited a tenfold higher risk of sleepiness-related accidents. In multivariate analysis, other predictors for sleepiness-related accidents were: male gender, ESS, history of previous near-miss accidents, restless leg syndrome/periodic leg movements, complaints of memory dysfunction and nocturnal sweating. Sleep apnoea per se was not an independent contributor. Self-reported sleepiness at the wheel is a better predictor of sleepiness-related traffic accidents than apnoea + hypopnoea index.

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