scholarly journals Association of Sleep Related Breathing-Disorder with Systemic Hypertension - A Cross Sectional Study from Akola, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (32) ◽  
pp. 2620-2623
Author(s):  
Dhondiba Haribhau Bhise
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Systemic Hypertension ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Improve Blood Pressure Control ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Hypopnea Syndrome

BACKGROUND Hypertension or elevated blood pressure is a serious medical condition, obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is an important identifiable cause of hypertension. Early identification and treatment of sleep disordered breathing contributes to prevention of hypertension, and treatment of OSA may improve blood pressure control as well. This observational study was done to demonstrate the association of sleepdisordered breathing with patients who have systemic hypertension. METHODS Total 94 patients were included in this study. Out of ninety-four patients, eleven patients had mild sleep apnoea, nine patients had moderate sleep apnoea, and twelve had severe sleep apnoea. RESULTS In mild OSA there were four patients with blood pressure < 120 / 80 mmHg while seven patients with blood pressure of 121 - 140 / 81 - 90 and there were four patients with blood pressure 141 / 91. In moderate OSA there were 9, 3, 6 and 1 patients in the group of blood pressure < 120 / 80, 121 - 140 / 81 - 90, > 140 - 160 / 91 - 100 and > 160 / 100 mmHg respectively. In severe obstructive sleep apnoea there were 5, 7, 6 and 2 patients in the group of blood pressure < 120 / 80, 121 - 140 / 81 - 90, 141 - 160 / 91 - 100 and > 160 / 100 mmHg respectively. The severity of hypertension is strongly associated with apnoea-hypopnea index (AHI). CONCLUSIONS This study shows a statistically significant association of hypertension with obstructive sleep apnoea and increased severity of hypertension associated with the increased severity of obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). KEY WORDS Hypertension, polysomnography, apnoea / hypopnea index (AHI), Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), Body Mass Index (BMI), obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), obstructive sleep apnoea / hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS)

scholarly journals To study the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea in type 2 diabetes patients in Western Rajasthan, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 894
Author(s):  
Raj Kumar Bhimwal ◽  
Mohan Makwana ◽  
Ravindra Jangid ◽  
Ratan Lal Bhati
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Diabetic Population

Background: Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) has been too common yet under diagnosed clinical entity. It is associated with the metabolic syndrome, a cluster of cardio-metabolic parameters including central obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension and dyslipidemia. Obesity predisposes to both OSA and disorders in glucose metabolism. There is growing evidence that OSA confers an independent risk of adverse glucose metabolism.Methods: The present study conducted in the Department of Medicine at MDM Hospital attached to Dr. S.N. Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. Participants after understanding the study protocol and procedure, asked to give their written consent for the study. It was a cross sectional hospital based study in patients, screened at Diabetic clinic and those referred from the periphery. Berlin questionnaires and Epworth score are tools to screen for OSA attending the Medicine OPD and IPD, Dr. S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur. 50 patients with type 2 DM and 20 age and sex-matched controls were studied. Randomly selected T2DM subjects of age 20 to 75 years both sex with obesity, BMI>25 kg/m2, clinical history suggestive of OSA, Epworth score>6, Positive Berlin questionnaires were included in the study. Acute and unstable medical condition e.g. CHF, CRF, COPD, Recent stroke, Acute ACS, Pregnant women were excluded.Results: In the study OSA was prevalent in the diabetic population (54%), Mean age of the study population was 54.96±9.35 years. OSA was found to be increased with increasing age with maximum prevalence in ≥60 year’s age group. OSA was more prevalent in the male population (64.29%), in urban population. Snoring, observed sleep apnoea, restless sleep/insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness and non-refreshing sleep were significantly associated with OSA. (P<0.001). Prevalence of OSA was more in high BMI group (≥35 kg/m2), OSA increased with increase in neck circumference. OSA was more in subjects with uncontrolled diabetes (blood sugar>200 mg/dl), smokers and alcoholics.Conclusions: This study shows that OSA has a high prevalence in subjects with T2DM and identify several factors that may be associated with its presence in the diabetic population. OSA can be usefully and easily assessed in an outpatient setting by using a portable device such as Apnea Link. Clinicians should increase patients' awareness of the signs and symptoms of OSA and refer for sleep studies when appropriate. Once diagnosed, patients should be encouraged to adhere to CPAP treatment in order to halt progression and prevent complications.

Comparative effects of CPAP and mandibular advancement splint therapy on blood pressure variability in moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnoea

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 294-300
Author(s):  
Hasthi U. Dissanayake ◽  
Kate Sutherland ◽  
Craig L. Phillips ◽  
Ronald R. Grunstein ◽  
Anastasia S. Mihailidou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Blood Pressure Variability ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Mandibular Advancement ◽  
Splint Therapy ◽  
Mandibular Advancement Splint ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

scholarly journals Prevalence of glaucoma in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea—a cross-sectional case-series

Eye ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1105-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
R E Bendel ◽  
J Kaplan ◽  
M Heckman ◽  
P A Fredrickson ◽  
S-C Lin
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Modifying effects of the R389G β1-adrenoceptor polymorphism on resting heart rate and blood pressure in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea

2005 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Börgel ◽  
Tino Schulz ◽  
Nina K. Bartels ◽  
Jörg T. Epplen ◽  
Nikolaus Büchner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Nervous Activity ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Cpap Therapy ◽  
Pressure Therapy ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

OSA (obstructive sleep apnoea) stimulates sympathetic nervous activity and elevates resting HR (heart rate) and BP (blood pressure). In the present study in a cohort of 309 untreated OSA patients, the resting HR and BP during the daytime were correlated with AHI (apnoea/hypopnea index) and compared with patients with R389R (n=162), R389G (n=125) and G389G (n=22) genotypes of the β1-adrenoreceptor R389G polymorphism. We analysed the impact of the genotype on the decline of HR and BP in a subgroup of 148 patients (R389R, n=86; R389G, n=54; G389G, n=8) during a 6-month follow-up period under CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) therapy during which cardiovascular medication remained unchanged. In untreated OSA patients, we found an independent relationship between AHI and resting HR (β=0.096, P<0.001), systolic BP (β=0.09, P=0.021) and diastolic BP (β=0.059, P=0.016). The resting HR/BP, however, did not differ among carriers with the R389R, R389G and G389G genotypes. CPAP therapy significantly reduced HR [−2.5 (−1.1 to −4.0) beats/min; values are mean difference (95% confidence intervals)] and diastolic BP [−3.2 (−1.5 to −5.0) mmHg]. The decline in HR was more significantly pronounced in the R389R group compared with the Gly389 carriers [−4.1 (−2.3 to −5.9) beats/min (P<0.001) compared with −0.2 (2.1 to −2.6) beats/min (P=0.854) respectively; Student's t test between groups, P=0.008]. Diastolic BP was decreased significantly (P<0.001) only in Gly389 carriers (R389G or G389G) compared with R389R carriers [−5.0 (−2.3 to −7.6) mmHg compared with −2.0 (0.4 to −4.3) mmHg respectively]. ANOVA revealed a significant difference (P=0.023) in HR reduction between the three genotypes [−4.1 (±8.4) beats/min for R389R, −0.5 (±9.3) beats/min for R389G and +1.9 (±7.2) beats/min for G389G]. In conclusion, although the R389G polymorphism of the β1-adrenoceptor gene did not influence resting HR or BP in untreated OSA patients, it may modify the beneficial effects of CPAP therapy on these parameters.

scholarly journals Self-reported sleepiness and not the apnoea hypopnoea index is the best predictor of sleepiness-related accidents in obstructive sleep apnoea

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Philip ◽  
S. Bailly ◽  
M. Benmerad ◽  
J. A. Micoulaud-Franchi ◽  
Y. Grillet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Near Miss ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Periodic Leg Movements ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
History Of ◽  
Respiratory Polygraphy ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract To evaluate the value of apnoea + hypopnoea index versus self-reported sleepiness at the wheel in anticipating the risk of sleepiness-related accidents in patients referred for obstructive sleep apnoea. A cross-sectional analysis of the French national obstructive sleep apnoea registry. 58,815 subjects referred for a suspicion of obstructive sleep apnoea were investigated by specific items addressing sleepiness at the wheel and sleepiness-related accidents. Apnoea + hypopnoea index was evaluated with a respiratory polygraphy or full polysomnography. Subjects had a median age of 55.6 years [45.3; 64.6], 65% were men, with a median apnoea + hypopnoea index of 22 [8; 39] events/h. Median Epworth sleepiness scale score was 9 [6; 13], 35% of the patients reported sleepiness at the wheel (n = 20,310), 8% (n = 4,588) reported a near-miss accident and 2% (n = 1,313) reported a sleepiness-related accident. Patients reporting sleepiness at the wheel whatever their obstructive sleep apnoea status and severity exhibited a tenfold higher risk of sleepiness-related accidents. In multivariate analysis, other predictors for sleepiness-related accidents were: male gender, ESS, history of previous near-miss accidents, restless leg syndrome/periodic leg movements, complaints of memory dysfunction and nocturnal sweating. Sleep apnoea per se was not an independent contributor. Self-reported sleepiness at the wheel is a better predictor of sleepiness-related traffic accidents than apnoea + hypopnoea index.

scholarly journals Does obstructive sleep apnoea contribute to obesity, hypertension and kidney dysfunction in children? A systematic review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e039342
Author(s):  
Sara Rodriguez-Lopez ◽  
Stefan Palkowski ◽  
Christopher Gerdung ◽  
Diana Keto-Lambert ◽  
Meghan Sebastianski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Systemic Blood Pressure ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Systemic Blood ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Obesity Hypertension

IntroductionChildhood obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a highly prevalent disorder that may directly contribute to the development of obesity, hypertension and renal injury. Although those associations seem to be clearer in adults, studies in children have revealed conflicting results and updated synthesis of the evidence is lacking. The aim of this systematic review is to summarise the available evidence on the effect of OSA on obesity, systemic blood pressure and kidney function, to help to elucidate whether respiratory interventions to correct OSA would have the potential to improve those outcomes.Methods and analysisA systematic literature review search was created by a medical librarian and peer-reviewed by a second librarian prior to running. Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, CINAHL via EbscoHOST, Wiley Cochrane Library and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global were searched on 25 February 2020. Titles and abstracts will be screened by two independent reviewers for inclusion, followed by full-text screening of relevant articles. Studies in children will be included if they report data on OSA and weight, systemic blood pressure or kidney parameters. The extracted data will be combined for analysis and the information subcategorised in groups based on outcome. Risk of bias will be determined using tools specific to study methodology and certainty of the evidence using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations approach.Ethics and disseminationThis study will provide essential information for healthcare professionals to better understand the relationship between childhood OSA and changes in body mass index, systemic blood pressure and kidney function indicators. Our findings will be disseminated through conferences and publications. The results of this review may guide the initiation of new strategies and the development of future research studies. This research did not involve human subjects and therefore did not undergo research ethical review.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020171186.

Predictive value of hyoid cephalometrics for retroglossal obstruction in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnea syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
R Y Hei ◽  
J Qin ◽  
S H Li
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Horizontal Plane ◽  
Cervical Vertebra ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Coronal Plane ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Hypopnea Syndrome ◽  
Obstruction Severity

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the diagnostic value of hyoid cephalometrics in predicting retroglossal obstruction severity in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnea syndrome.MethodsNinety-six obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnea syndrome patients diagnosed by polysomnography were recruited. Polysomnography was repeated with a nasopharyngeal tube after eliminating rhinal and palatopharyngeal obstruction. Cervical vertebra lateral films and hyoid cephalometric measurements were obtained, including the distances of the hyoid to the: mental tubercle, prevertebral plane, mental tubercle coronal plane and mental tubercle horizontal plane.ResultsThe apnoea-hypopnoea index for nasopharyngeal tube polysomnography was significantly correlated with distances from the hyoid to: prevertebral plane (r = 0.350), coronal plane (r = 0.477), horizontal plane (r = 0.529) and mental tubercle (r = 0.560). It was strongly correlated with the hyoid to mental tubercle distance/hyoid to prevertebral plane distance value (r = 0.683), and (hyoid to coronal plane distance plus hyoid to horizontal plane distance)/hyoid to prevertebral plane distance value (r = 0.675).ConclusionObstructive sleep apnoea hypopnea syndrome patients with longer hyoid to mental tubercle distances, and/or more inferior and posterior hyoid bone position, are more prone to retroglossal stenosis and obstruction. Hyoid cephalometrics are valuable for predicting retroglossal obstruction severity.

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