Effectiveness of mirror therapy in the motor recovery of upper extremity in the post stroke hemiplegic patients: a randomized controlled trial in a tertiary care hospital in Manipur, Northeast India

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of disability and majority of the stroke survivors experience upper extremity functional limitations. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mirror therapy in addition with a conventional upper limb rehabilitation program in a post stroke hemiplegic patient.Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted among 72 post stroke patients aged 35-65 years having hemipa¬resis attending the PMR department, RIMS, Manipur from 2013 to 2016. Assessment was done at baseline, 1 and 6 months for FIM self care, Brunnstrom stages of motor recovery and MAS for spasticity. Both the group participated in a stroke rehabilitation program and study group was given mirror therapy in addition. Descriptive statistics such as mean±SD and inferential statistics like Chi-square test, Student’s t test, and ANOVA were used. A p-value < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant.Results: There was an improvement in Brunnstrom stage and FIM self-care score in both groups, but the post-treatment score was significantly higher in the mirror therapy group. Statistically significant difference in FIM self care and motor recovery between the study and control groups was noted [1.1±0.38 (study) versus 0.88±0.32 (control) for motor recovery and 34.1±2.59 (study) versus 29.5±4.58 (control) for FIM self care]. However, no significant difference was seen in spasticity between the groups.Conclusions: Mirror therapy used in addition to conventional stroke rehabilitation program was found to be effective in the recovery of upper extremity motor functions and daily self care activities in post stroke hemiplegic patients.

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Evaluation of Mirror Therapy for Upper Limb Rehabilitation in Stroke

Indian Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation ◽

10.5005/ijopmr-24-3-63 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 63-69 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Laisram Nonica ◽

Muzaffar Tufail ◽

RK Wadhwa ◽

Borah Diganta ◽

SY Kothari

Keyword(s):

Upper Extremity ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Self Care ◽

Motor Recovery ◽

Control Group ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Mirror Therapy ◽

Treatment Protocols ◽

Upper Limb Rehabilitation ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Trials have shown modest clinical improvement in disabilities after stroke with the use of different techniques; however most of the treatment protocols for the paretic upper extremity are either expensive or labour intensive, which makes the provision of intensive treatment for many patients difficult. It has been suggested that mirror therapy is a simple, inexpensive and, most importantly patient-directed treatment that may improve upper extremity function. A prospective randomised case control study was done on 60 patients of both the sexes in the age group of 19 to 82 years having stroke for the first time. This study was conducted in the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation of a tertiary care hospital. All the patients who fulfilled the criteria were enrolled for study; patients were randomly allotted to the study or control group. Study group was given mirror therapy in addition to the conventional stroke rehabilitation programme. Patients were assessed in terms of motor recovery (Brunnstrom stages), spasticity (modified Ashworth Scale), and the self-care items of the Barthel index. These indices were measured at 0 month (pretreatment), 1 month (post-treatment), and 6 months (follow-up). There was a statistically significant difference in spasticity improvement between the study and control groups; however no significant difference was seen in motor recovery and self care items between the groups. The patients had significant improvements within the groups after the therapy for one month. Mirror therapy can be a useful intervention supplement in rehabilitation of patients; it provides a simple and cost effective therapy for recovery of hand function.

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Application Of Mirror Therapy On Upper Extremity Motor Recovery In Post-Stroke Patients

Jurnal Keterapian Fisik ◽

10.37341/jkf.v0i0.293 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 136-144

Author(s):

Roh Hastuti Prasetyaningsih ◽

Hendri Kurniawan

Keyword(s):

Upper Extremity ◽

Motor Recovery ◽

The Body ◽

P Value ◽

Mirror Therapy ◽

Research Subjects ◽

Hand Rehabilitation ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Post Stroke ◽

Significant Difference

Background: Stroke is a health problem for both developed and developing countries, including Indonesia. Paralysis in stroke is mainly due to damage to the internal capsule. This damage requires neuroplasticity involving a number of parts of the brain to restore. One therapy that is beneficial for neuroplasticity is Mirror Therapy (MT). MT is a rehabilitation tool that aims to restore some of the pathological conditions in which the body representation is affected, including post-stroke motor impairment. Methods: This research is a quantitative pre-experimental design with the type one group pretest-postest. The research subjects were 15 post-stroke patients in residency of Semarang. Research data were collected in August-September 2020. Sample selection with purposive sampling technique who conform inclusion criteria. The Fulg-Meyer Upper Extremity Assessment (FMA-UE) as an aoutcame measure that be avowed valid and reliabel. Data analysis using Paired Sample T-Test because of normally distributed. Results: Statistically the results represent a significant difference in the UE motor ability of post-stroke patients between baseline and after mirror therapy intervention, with a mean difference (5,14) and p value = 0.000 (ρ < 0,05). Application of MT effect on upper extremity motor recovery in post-stroke patients. Conclusions: MT program is an effective intervention for UE motor recovery and motor function improvement in post- stroke patients. MT program can be used as a standardized of hand rehabilitation intervention in hospital, clinics and homes.

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Effectiveness of mirror therapy through functional activities and motor standards in the motor recovery in post stroke hemiplegic patients: a prospective randomized controlled trial in a tertiary care hospital in Northeast India

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20191698 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 1904 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ningthemba Yumnam ◽

Joy Singh Akoijam ◽

Joymati Oinam

Keyword(s):

Controlled Trial ◽

Self Care ◽

Motor Recovery ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Mirror Therapy ◽

Post Stroke ◽

Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

And Control

Background: Upper limbs are very important to motor functionality. However, in majority of stroke patients, arm functions are impaired resulting in disabilities and restrictions to function. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of mirror therapy in the motor recovery of upper extremity in the post stroke hemiplegic patient.Methods: A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted among 72 post stroke patients aged 35-65 years having hemiparesis attending the PMR OPD in RIMS, Manipur from 2013 to 2016. Assessment was done for FIM self care and Brunnstrom stages of motor recovery at baseline and 1 month and 6 month of post treatment. Both the study and control group participated in a stroke rehabilitation programme and study group was given mirror therapy in addition. Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation and inferential statistics like Chi-square test, Student’s t test, and ANOVA were used. A p-value <0.05 was taken as statistically significant.Results: Mean age were 54.56±7.61 years (study) and 55.11±7.99 years (control). Majority of them were males (61.1%). Significant improvement was noted in the study group from baseline to 1 month and 6 months follow up. Mean score comparison of FIM self care between study and control group from baseline to 1 month was (28.28±3.11 to 34.11±2.59 vs 28.00±4.30 to 29.50±4.58) and from 1 to 6 months follow up was (34.11±2.59 to 37.83±2.04 vs 29.50±4.58 to 32.44±4.82) respectively.Conclusions: There was a significant improvement in hand function regarding both motor recovery and daily self care activities in the study group.

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