scholarly journals Uncertainties of the rainfall regime in a tropical semi-arid region: the case of the State of Ceará

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunice Maia de Andrade ◽  
Maria Gina Torres Sena ◽  
Antonio Givanilson Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Francisco Jairo Soares Pereira ◽  
Fernando Bezerra Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
The State ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Rainfall Regime ◽  
Rainfed Agriculture ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

The rural population of a tropical semi-arid region such as the northeast of Brazil is directly dependent on rainfall for agricultural production, pasture for livestock, and the storage of drinking water for human consumption. The region is characterised by the frequent occurrence of dry years and consecutive dry days (CDD) during the rainy season, demonstrating the vulnerability of rainfed agriculture. The aim of this study therefore, was to identify homogeneous regions of the State of Ceará where there is greater or lesser uncertainty of the rainfall regime. Accordingly, the occurrence of dry and very dry years were investigated as uncertainties between years, together with the occurrence of two classes of CDD (10-20 and 21-30 days) during the rainy season. To define similar regions as to the uncertainty of the rainfall regime, the technique of Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) was used. The study considered time series of least 30 years, from 77 rain gauge stations around the state of Ceará. The use of HCA resulted in the formation of seven homogenous groups in both of the phenomena being investigated. Municipalities in the Central Backlands, the Inhamuns Backlands and the Jaguaribana Region displayed a higher frequency of both inter-annual (dry years) and intra-annual (CDD) uncertainty, demonstrating the greater vulnerability of rainfed agriculture. The occurrence of a CDD event is not dependent on the total annual rainfall, as several stations with an average rainfall higher than that of the state showed potential for the occurrence of CDD. The number of CDD events recorded in the 11-20 day class was higher than in the 21-30 day class.

scholarly journals Mapeamento da desertificação da Região de Desenvolvimento Sertão do São Francisco com base na cobertura vegetal e nas classes de solos (Desertification mapping of “Sertão” San Francisco Development Region based on the vegetation and the soil classes)

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 510
Author(s):  
Iêdo Bezerra Sá ◽  
Tony Jarbas Ferreira Cunha ◽  
Tatiana Ayako Taura ◽  
Marcos Antônio Drumond
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
The State ◽  
Soil Mapping ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Development Region ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Na região Semiárida do Estado de Pernambuco existe grande diversidade na paisagem natural, onde a vegetação, os solos e o clima geram uma multiplicidade de situações que concorrem para formação de diferentes ecossistemas e habitats com grande potencial ecológico e ambiental. Nesta região, a vegetação é caracterizada por diferentes fisionomias, variando de áreas com formações arbustivas, com cobertura do solo muito escassa e quase ausente, a formações arbóreas com níveis de cobertura bastante densas. De modo análogo, nesta região ocorre uma grande variedade de solos, que por suas características, manejo e situação no relevo podem potencializar os processos erosivos, determinantes no desencadeamento da desertificação. Considerando as interrelações destas duas variáveis ambientais, este trabalho tem o objetivo de realizar um diagnóstico das áreas susceptíveis à desertificação da Região de Desenvolvimento Sertão do São Francisco - RDSF, tendo como base o cruzamento das informações da cobertura vegetal natural e das classes de solos. Para tanto, foram utilizados o recorte do mapeamento da cobertura vegetal e uso do solo e o recorte do mapeamento de solos da RDSF. Foram estabelecidos critérios para susceptibilidade da cobertura vegetal, assim como para as classes de solos presentes na área. Executou-se a intersecção destas duas bases de informação para o perfil da sensibilidade à desertificação. Os resultados mostram que a RDSF tem os seguintes valores das áreas em processos de desertificação: 1,77% na classe ausente ou fraca; 74,74% na classe moderada; 0,35% na classe acentuada e 23,14% na classe severa. Deste modo, observa-se que aproximadamente 98% da RDSF encontram-se na situação de sensibilidade à desertificação em que predominam as classes de Moderada a Severa. In the semiarid region of the state of Pernambuco there are plenty of biophysics where vegetation, climate, soils, and the various faces and the relationships and processes that take place among them generate the formation of different ecosystems and habitats with great potential ecological and environmental. There are a range of vegetation types, ranging from shrubby coverage areas up to very sparse and mostly absent vegetation areas, which demonstrated high desertification process occurring. Similarly, a variety of soils that is in the region along with vegetation makes this a region of great variation from the viewpoint of environmental supply. This article deals with the realization of a diagnosis of environmental sensitivity to desertification of São Francisco Development Region seeking spatialize the different situations in which the environment fulfills a greater or lesser extent, its role as provider of environmental services. For this, we used the cutting mapping of existing vegetation and soil mapping of the state and the established criteria, as well as edaphic vegetation cover, featuring the susceptibility to degradation and performed the intersection of these two bases of information to profile the sensitivity to desertification. The results show that São Francisco Development Region has the following values of areas undergoing desertification: 1.77% in weak class; 74.74% in the moderate class; 0.35% in sharp class, and 23.14% in severe class. Keywords: desertification, São Francisco, Semi-arid region, soils.   

Effects of Genotype and Rainfall on Forage Oats in a Semi-arid Region

1977 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hadjichristodoulou
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Varietal Response ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

SUMMARYThere were significant differences in dry matter yield among five forage oat varieties tested at ten environments during 1970–75. The correlation coefficients between annual rainfall and DM yield varied with variety from 0·69 to 0·88, late varieties tending to give higher yields. Lateness, and high varietal response to annual rainfall and improved environmental conditions, can be used as selection criteria in semi-arid regions. Late varieties had higher DM and lower crude protein contents, and forage produced under lower rainfall conditions tended to have more DM and crude protein.

scholarly journals Sustainable agriculture: the use of FAMACHA method in Santa Ines sheep in the Semi-arid region of Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3Supl1) ◽  
pp. 1647-1662
Author(s):  
Vinícius Longo Ribeiro Vilela ◽  
◽  
Hermano Manoel Francisco Figueiredo Bezerra ◽  
Roberto Alves Bezerra ◽  
Maysa Oliveira Dantas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminths ◽  
Fecal Egg Count ◽  
Santa Inês ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Clinical Problems ◽  
Poor Welfare ◽  
Semi Arid

Sheep farming is of great importance in generating income to smallholders in semi-arid areas worldwide. Gastrointestinal helminths cause important damage to the animals with poor welfare conditions, impacting in local economies. The objective of this work was to evaluate the FAMACHA method (FMC) in a herd of 60 Santa Inês from Paraíba, Brazil, and to compare the data from previous production years. In order to determine anemic sheep, FMC chart was used in biweekly evaluations for 12 months by trained personnel. Blood and fecal samples were collected monthly to determine packed cell volume (PCV), and parasite fecal egg count (FEC), respectively. The animals were divided into: dry, pregnant and lactating ewes, lambs and rams. Haemonchus was the predominant helminth genus (94.7%) during the whole year. There were up to 97% of success on the interpretation of FMC with 90 to 100% efficacy in the treatment decision. Among the 1356 evaluations, in only 40 (3%) were required deworming, being 27 during the rainy season and 13 during the long dry season. A statistically significant correlation (P < 0.01) was observed between FEC and PCV for the dry, lactating, and pregnant categories. The data reports a 94% reduction in deworming, with a greater need for anthelmintic use in lambs and lactating ewes (P < 0.05). Our data validates the use of FMC in Santa Inês sheep, which is considered a local resilient breed in the semi-arid region of Brazil. We recommend that animals should be examined during the rainy season to prevent most of the clinical problems.

scholarly journals Ecological succession of zooplankton species in a temporary river in a semi arid region of Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cristina Crispim ◽  
Ronilson José da Paz ◽  
Takako Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
The State ◽  
Ecological Succession ◽  
Zooplankton Species ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Freshwater Bivalves ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Temporary River ◽  
Semi Arid

A new total of nine continental gastropod forms are incorporated to the previous systematic malacological inventory of Santa Catarina's State/SC, central southern Brazil region, the species Helicina schereri Baker, 1913, Assiminea sp, Lamellaxis clavulinus (Potiez and Michaud, 1838), Lamellaxis (Leptopeas) cf. mizius Marcus & Marcus, 1968, Plekocheilus (Eurytus) sp, Rhinus cf. longisetus (Moricand, 1846), Simpulopsis cf. ovata Sowerby, 1822, Megalobulimus klappenbachi Leme, 1964, and Zilchogyra cleliae Weyrauch, 1965. Included in eight genera and seven families, raise the state record for 220 species and subspecies regionally known (190 gastropods - 148 terrestrial, 2 amphibian and 40 limnic/freshwater –, and 30 freshwater bivalves).

scholarly journals Structural variations among monocot emergent and amphibious species from lakes of the semi-arid region of Bahia, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
KRB Leite ◽  
F França ◽  
VL Scatena
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Rainfall Regime ◽  
Structural Variations ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Vegetal Species ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Emergent Species

Temporary lakes are common in the semi-arid region of the State of Bahia and form water mirrors in the rainy season. In this period, various vegetal species appear having different life forms adapted to the seasonality conditions of the rainfall regime. This work surveyed the adaptive anatomical structures of some emergent and amphibious monocot species occurring in these lakes. We studied the anatomy of roots, rhizomes, leaves and scapes of Cyperus odoratus, Oxycaryum cubense, Pycreus macrostachyos (Cyperaceae) - amphibious species; and of Echinodorus grandiflorus (Alismataceae), Eichhornia paniculata (Pontederiaceae) and Habenaria repens (Orchidaceae) - emergent species. The anatomical features of the dermal, fundamental and vascular systems confirming the tendency of the adaptive convergence of these plants to temporary lacustrine the environment include: single layered epidermal cells with a thin cuticle layer in the aerial organs; the presence of air canals in all the organs; few or no supporting tissues; and less numerous conducting elements and thinner cell walls in the xylem. The reduction of the supporting tissues, the number of stomata, which can even be absent, and the number of conducting elements and the degree of cell wall lignification in the xylem of the emergent species is more accentuated than that of the amphibious species. The pattern of distribution of aerenchyma in the roots of the studied species was considered important to distinguish between amphibious and emergent life forms.

scholarly journals Variability of Rainfall in the Semi-Arid Region of Brazil

10.29007/srn9 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celso Santos ◽  
Carlos Galvão ◽  
Reginaldo Brasil Neto ◽  
Isabel Meneses
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Wavelet Analysis ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Rainfall Regime ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

The Brazilian semi-arid region presents a highly variable rainfall regime in space and time. Although the mechanisms of rainfall have been well described and numerically modelled, reliable forecasts for more than six months in advance cannot be produced yet, as well as projections of climate change in the long term. This paper contributes to the understanding of the variability examining a more than 100-year time series of a rainfall gauge in this region, using three techniques: wavelet analysis, Mann- Kendall and Sen tests. The techniques allow the description of the patterns of variability of rainfall and suggest that there is not still a clear evidence of climate change.

scholarly journals Iodine Malnutrition and Associated Factors in Schoolchildren Aged 6 to 14 Years in a Municipality Situated in the Semi-Arid Region of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, 2008

2014 ◽  
Vol 05 (20) ◽  
pp. 2008-2019
Author(s):  
Mariana de Souza Macedo ◽  
Romero Alves Teixeira ◽  
Élido Bonomo ◽  
Camilo Adalton Mariano da Silva ◽  
Mariângela Carneiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
The State ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document