scholarly journals Identification and preliminary characterization of early fruiting mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa – Apocynaceae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Ana Veruska Cruz Silva ◽  
Ana Letícia Sirqueira Nascimento ◽  
Adrielle Naiana Ribeiro Soares ◽  
Allivia Rouse Carregosa Rabbani ◽  
Josué Francisco Silva Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Habit ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Germplasm Characterization ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Upgma Dendrogram ◽  
Hancornia Speciosa ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa G.) is a native Brazilian species in the process of domestication. It has several potential uses. In recent years the populations of mangabeira have become fragmented and, to conserve their genetic resources, Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros has, since 2006, maintained a Mangaba Genebank, which currently has 299 individuals distributed across 27 accessions. In one of these accessions (CP), first fruiting was observed to occur at 13 months, indicating precocity. The current project was developed with the intention of morphologically characterizing the CP accessions and evaluating the extent of genetic diversity between genotypes, based on genetic markers associated with fruiting precocity. Morphological variation in crown and leaf shape, growth habit, total height, stem diameter and canopy height were investigated. For molecular characterization, 18 CP accession genotypes were used, all from Sergipe State, Brazil, and 11 ISSR markers were studied that generated 62 fragments with 91.4% polymorphism. The fruits have physical and chemical characteristics suitable for in natura consumption and also for processing. UPGMA dendrogram analysis showed the genotypes CP2 and CP6 to be most similar and CP10 the most divergent within the CP accessions. The results showed the existence of polymorphism, and genetic divergence among genotypes, thus reinforcing the importance of constant germplasm characterization, which guarantees information on gene sources for future use, while providing information concerning potential parents that can be used in breeding programs as well as the identification of duplicates.

Characterization of defects in tabular silver halide grains

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1046-1047
Author(s):  
C. Goessens ◽  
D. Schryvers ◽  
J. Van Landuyt ◽  
A. Verbeeck ◽  
R. De Keyzer
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Silver Halide ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Free Region ◽  
Central Defect ◽  
Crystallographic Defects ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Two Sides

Silver halide grains (AgX, X=Cl,Br,I) are commonly recognized as important entities in photographic applications. Depending on the preparation specifications one can grow cubic, octahedral, tabular a.o. morphologies, each with its own physical and chemical characteristics. In the present study crystallographic defects introduced by the mixing of 5-20% iodide in a growing AgBr tabular grain are investigated. X-ray diffractometry reveals the existence of a homogeneous Ag(Br1-xIx) region, expected to be formed around the AgBr kernel. In fig. 1 a two-beam BF image, taken at T≈100 K to diminish radiation damage, of a triangular tabular grain is presented, clearly showing defect contrast fringes along four of the six directions; the remaining two sides show similar contrast under relevant diffraction conditions. The width of the central defect free region corresponds with the pure AgBr kernel grown before the mixing with I. The thickness of a given grain lies between 0.15 and 0.3 μm: as indicated in fig. 2 triangular (resp. hexagonal) grains exhibit an uneven (resp. even) number of twin interfaces (i.e., between + and - twin variants) parallel with the (111) surfaces. The thickness of the grains and the existence of the twin variants was confirmed from CTEM images of perpendicular cuts.

scholarly journals Chemical and Physical Characterization of Peanut Powder Extracts

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Luzia Marcia de Melo Silva ◽  
Francisco de Assis Cardoso Almeida ◽  
Francinalva Cordeiro de Sousa ◽  
Deise Souza de Castro ◽  
Inácia dos Santos Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Peanut Extract ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Great Growth

The production of lyophilized foods is a market with great growth potential, for providing important preservation characteristics, such as stability at ambient temperature, versatility of the product and preservation of the chemical compounds. Given the functional effects of peanut powder extracts, this study aimed to quantify the bioactive compounds and determine physical and chemical characteristics, comparing samples with and without skin. After obtaining the aqueous peanut extract the samples were frozen at -18 °C for 24 h. The formulated extracts were dried in a benchtop lyophilizer operating at temperature of -55 °C for a period of 48 hours. The powder extracts were disintegrated in a multiprocessor for 30 seconds and the samples were physically and chemically evaluated. The powder extracts were classified as non-hygroscopic, exhibiting poor fluidity and intermediate cohesiveness in samples with skin, and high cohesiveness in samples without skin. The powders showed agglomerated particles, with irregular and non-uniform shape. Potassium was the mineral found in largest amounts, as well as oleic and linoleic fatty acids. The particles of the powders exhibit a spherical shape, showing the presence of amorphous surfaces, in which there is no repetition of geometric forms. The peanut powder extracts are classified as non-hygroscopic, have poor fluidity, intermediate cohesiveness in samples with skin and high cohesiveness in samples without skin.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of Prunus mahaleb L. rootstock canditates by ISSR markers

Genetika ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 717-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Ozyurt ◽  
Yasar Akca ◽  
Sezai Ercisli
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Breeding ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Principal Coordinate Analysis ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Upgma Dendrogram ◽  
Prunus Mahaleb ◽  
Clear Differentiation

Prunus mahaleb is widely used as rootstocks particularly on calcareous and dry soils for both sweet and sour cherry cultivars in Turkey. Genetic diversity and relationships among members of Prunus mahaleb including 29 preselected rootstock candidate accessions from Tokat region in Turkey were investigated by using 15 ISSR markers. The study revealed high genetic diversity among accessions, detecting 138 fragments, of which 103 (75%) were polymorphic. The number of polymorphic bands per primer was between 3-13, with average of 6.86. The primers 890 and 891 gave the highest polymorphism ratio (100%). The UPGMA dendrogram and the principal coordinate analysis revealed a clear differentiation among accessions. Reference rootstock, SL-64 clustered separately. The study demonstrates that ISSRs provide promising marker tools in revealing genetic diversity and relationships in Prunus mahaleb rootstock candidate accessions and can contribute to efficient identification, conservation, and utilization of germplasm for rootstock improvement through conventional as well as molecular breeding approaches.

scholarly journals Agronomic, physical and chemical characterization of banana fruits

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenna Alves Mattos ◽  
Edson Perito Amorim ◽  
Kelly de Oliveira Cohen ◽  
Tamyres Barbosa de Amorim ◽  
Sebastião de Oliveira e Silva
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Total Carotenoid ◽  
Tropical Fruits ◽  
Physical And Chemical Characterization ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The purpose of this study was to characterize 26 banana accessions of the active genebank of Embrapa Cassava and Tropical Fruits (Brazil) for agronomic, physical and physicochemical characteristics. The plant height of the diploid 028003-01 and triploid Walha was short. Regarding the number of fruits and bunch weight, the triploids Caipira, Thap Maeo and the tetraploids Ambrósia and Calipso performed particularly well. Total carotenoid contents were highest in the diploids Jaran and Malbut. The total contents of flavonoid and polyphenol, two natural antioxidants, were highest in tetraploid Teparod. Wide genetic variability was detected for most agronomic, physical and chemical characteristics of the fruits of the banana accessions, enabling the planning of breeding for the development of hybrids with short stature, high yield, pest resistance and high carotenoid, flavonoid and/or polyphenol contents.

Development and Characterization of Oral Mucuna pruriens Seed Extract Jelly

2021 ◽  
Vol 901 ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Chuda Chittasupho ◽  
Narisa Kamkaen
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Surface ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Mucuna Pruriens ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Health Product ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Better Than

The objective of this research was to develop Mucuna pruriens jelly formula to be suitable and easily edible for Parkinson’s patients. The recipe of jelly consisted of M. pruriens seed dry extract as an active ingredient, gelatin, glycerin, citric acid, sodium benzoate, steviol, coffee flavor, and purified water. The jelly was analyzed for physical and chemical characteristics by microscopy and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. It was found that pH of the M. pruriens jelly was 4.77. The microscopic characteristics showed that the jelly texture had a consistent distribution of various components (2.53 particles/cm2), with different particles sizes. The observation of the physical macroscopic characteristics found that M. pruriens jelly had dark brown color, smooth surface, and elastic texture, hence suitable for consumption. The analysis of physical stability by observing the changes of appearance with naked eyes for 4 weeks at 30 °C and 4 °C showed that M. pruriens jelly had physical stability at 4 °C better than at 30 °C. The chemical analysis of L-dopa by UV-Vis spectrophotometry revealed that M. pruriens jelly contained a sufficient amount of L-dopa i.e. 542 mg/piece. This research could be developed to be a health product for Parkinson’s patients by taking 2 pieces per day in the morning since the therapeutic dose for Parkinson’s disease is 1000 mg of L-dopa total/day (single dose in the morning).

scholarly journals Genetic variability in subsamples of determinate growth lima bean

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara Danielle Silva do Carmo ◽  
Regina Lucia Ferreira Gomes ◽  
Ângela Celis de Almeida Lopes ◽  
Josilane Souza da Penha ◽  
Sulimary Oliveira Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Lima Bean ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Canonical Variables ◽  
Indeterminate Growth Habit ◽  
Determinate Growth ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Future Utilization

Lima bean, a highly important legume, serves as a source of protein, reducing nutritional dependency on meat and other beans, especially for needy populations. This crop, with production concentrated in the Northeast of Brazil, has been the subject of very few studies, considering the evaluation of varieties predominantly with indeterminate growth habit. The characterization of material presenting determinate growth, an agronomically important characteristic, may subsidize breeding programs. We characterize subsamples of determinate growth lima bean in morpho-agronomic terms and estimate genetic divergence. We identified pairs of divergent and complementary genotypes for crosses. The genotypes were grouped in six and five groups in regard to the Tocher and UPGMA methods, respectively, for the quantitative traits. For the qualitative traits, three groups were formed. Analyses of canonical variables identified traits related to production of importance for variability. The study shows the importance of characterization of new genotypes for conservation and future utilization.

scholarly journals Chemical characterization of Cassia fistula polysaccharide (CFP) and its potential application as a prebiotic in synbiotic preparation

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 13329-13340
Author(s):  
Dawood Hosni Dawood ◽  
Mohamed Samir Darwish ◽  
Asmaa A. El-Awady ◽  
Azza H. Mohamed ◽  
Ahmed A. Zaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthesis ◽  
Cassia Fistula ◽  
Physical And Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Physical And Chemical

CFP may be a prebiotic due to its high resistance against α-amylase and acid. CFP provides two ways to adjust nitric oxide synthesis in macrophages. We show the use of CFP in the production of synbiotic yogurt with favorable physical and chemical characteristics.

scholarly journals Nutritional potential of dehydrated residues from rice milk production

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. Fakhouri ◽  
Luan Ramos Silva ◽  
A. C. A. B. Casari ◽  
J. I. Velasco
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Air Circulation ◽  
Nutritional Potential

The aim of this work was to verify the influence of drying on physical and chemical characteristics of residues from rice milk production. Residues were from the production of white, red and black rice. They were dehydrated in an oven with air circulation at 60ºC for 8h. Characterization of them were carried out by physical and chemical analyses. Residues have presented statistical difference for all parameters measured. Its characterization is necessary to justify its use in other process or application on new products.The residues from rice milk production have high content of nutrients and phenolic compounds, even after dehydration. Keywords: Nutrients; Oryza sativa; waste.

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