scholarly journals The Analysis of Water Quality Using Canadian Water Quality Index: Green Belt Project/Kerbala-Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
Fadhil M. Al-Mohammed ◽  
Riyadh Jasim Mohammd Al-Saadi ◽  
Ali M. Al-Fawzy ◽  
Saad H. Mohammed-Ali ◽  
Abdul-Khider A. Mutasher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Green Belt ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Olive Trees ◽  
Canadian Water Quality Index

During the last five decades, a huge amount of water pollutants has been recorded in all water resources around the world. Therefore, the water quality has become an important indicator affecting the vitality and productivity of plants, which requires an effective technique to monitor all these pollutants. The main objective of this study is to assess the validity of groundwater for wells located within the boundaries of the Green Belt area in Karbala city/Iraq for irrigation of palm and olive trees. Whereas, the use of saline groundwater as an alternative to available fresh water will promote the sustainable development of water resources. The technique of Water Quality Index (WQI) is a reliable and widely used tool for assessing water quality for various sources, including groundwater. In this study, the Canadian water quality index (CWQI) model was applied to provide a database for planning and monitoring the quality of groundwater in wells located in the study area. Groundwater samples were taken from these wells and tested to find seven parameters which were; pH, CL, Mg, HCO3, EC, Na and Ca. The CWQI values of groundwater for the studied wells ranged from 30 to 35. According to the CWQI scale, the groundwater of all wells is classified as poor water. Therefore, the groundwater of all wells in the study area must be treated before it is used for the purpose of irrigation of palm and olive trees. This study concluded that to ensure good irrigation management in the study area, future changes of groundwater in the study area must be monitored.

scholarly journals Water quality assessment based on multivariate statistics and water quality index of a strategic river in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David de Andrade Costa ◽  
José Paulo Soares de Azevedo ◽  
Marco Aurélio dos Santos ◽  
Rafaela dos Santos Facchetti Vinhaes Assump
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Network Optimization ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Government Data

AbstractFifty-four water samples were collected between July and December 2019 at nine monitoring stations and fifteen parameters were analysed to provide an updated diagnosis of the Piabanha River water quality. Further, forty years of monitoring were analysed, including government data and previous research projects. A georeferenced database was also built containing water management data. The Water Quality Index from the National Sanitation Foundation (WQINSF) was calculated using two datasets and showed an improvement in overall water quality, despite still presenting systematic violations to Brazilian standards. Principal components analysis (PCA) showed the most contributing parameters to water quality and enabled its association with the main pollution sources identified in the geodatabase. PCA showed that sewage discharge is still the main pollution source. The cluster analysis (CA) made possible to recommend the monitoring network optimization, thereby enabling the expansion of the monitoring to other rivers. Finally, the diagnosis provided by this research establishes the first step towards the Framing of water resources according to their intended uses, as established by the Brazilian National Water Resources Policy.

scholarly journals Development of a Universal Water Quality Index (UWQI) for South African River Catchments

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talent Banda ◽  
Muthukrishnavellaisamy Kumarasamy
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
South African ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Index Number ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
The Ideal

The assessment of water quality has turned to be an ultimate goal for most water resource and environmental stakeholders, with ever-increasing global consideration. Against this backdrop, various tools and water quality guidelines have been adopted worldwide to govern water quality deterioration and institute the sustainable use of water resources. Water quality impairment is mainly associated with a sudden increase in population and related proceedings, which include urbanization, industrialization and agricultural production, among others. Such socio-economic activities accelerate water contamination and cause pollution stress to the aquatic environment. Scientifically based water quality index (WQI) models are then essentially important to measure the degree of contamination and advise whether specific water resources require restoration and to what extent. Such comprehensive evaluations reflect the integrated impact of adverse parameter concentrations and assist in the prioritization of remedial actions. WQI is a simple, yet intelligible and systematically structured, indexing scale beneficial for communicating water quality data to non-technical individuals, policymakers and, more importantly, water scientists. The index number is normally presented as a relative scale ranging from zero (worst quality) to one hundred (best quality). WQIs simplify and streamline what would otherwise be impractical assignments, thus justifying the efforts of developing water quality indices (WQIs). Generally, WQIs are not designed for broad applications; they are customarily developed for specific watersheds and/or regions, unless different basins share similar attributes and test a comparable range of water quality parameters. Their design and formation are governed by their intended use together with the degree of accuracy required, and such technicalities ultimately define the application boundaries of WQIs. This is perhaps the most demanding scientific need—that is, to establish a universal water quality index (UWQI) that can function in most, if not all, the catchments in South Africa. In cognizance of such a need, this study attempts to provide an index that is not limited to certain application boundaries, with a contribution that is significant not only to the authors, but also to the nation at large. The proposed WQI is based on the weighted arithmetic sum method, with parameters, weight coefficients and sub-index rating curves established through expert opinion in the form of the participation-based Rand Corporation’s Delphi Technique and extracts from the literature. UWQI functions with thirteen explanatory variables, which are NH3, Ca, Cl, Chl-a, EC, F, CaCO3, Mg, Mn, NO3, pH, SO4 and turbidity (NTU). Based on the model validation analysis, UWQI is considered robust and technically stable, with negligible variation from the ideal values. Moreover, the prediction pattern corresponds to the ideal graph with comparable index scores and identical classification grades, which signifies the readiness of the model to appraise water quality status across South African watersheds. The research article intends to substantiate the methods used and document the results achieved.

A Comparative Study of USA and Canadian Water Quality Index Models

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 203-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lumb ◽  
T. C. Sharma ◽  
J.-F. Bibeault ◽  
P. Klawunn
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Canadian Water Quality Index

scholarly journals Environmental Factors Assisted the Evaluation of Entropy Water Quality Indices With Efficient Machine Learning Technique

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjing Xia ◽  
Jin Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Efficient Machine ◽  
Method Of Correlation

Abstract Water is an indispensable resource for human production and life. The evaluation of water quality by scientific method that provides sufficient support for the regeneration and recycling utilization of water resources. At present, water quality is mainly evaluated by water quality index (WQI) with weighted entropy value, which comprehensively considers the influence of different relevant environmental factors on the water quality. The calculation process is very complicated and time-consuming. In this paper, the method of correlation analysis is used to select the best combination of relevant environmental factors to assist the prediction model. Two typical kinds of machine learning methods are adopted and compared to realize the prediction of entropy water quality index (EWQI). After the better framework of prediction model is selected, four different kinds of optimization algorithms are used to optimize the prediction model to realize non-linear regression prediction and classification of water quality. According to the results of evaluation indicators, the framework of SVM is more suitable for realizing the prediction of EWQI. Meanwhile, the optimization algorithm of DE-GWO show great potential to improve the performance of SVM, which can make further contribution to the rational use and protection of water resources.

scholarly journals Protocol for the estimation of drinking water quality index (DWQI) in water resources: Artificial neural network (ANFIS) and Arc-Gis

MethodsX ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1021-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid RadFard ◽  
Mozhgan Seif ◽  
Amir Hossein Ghazizadeh Hashemi ◽  
Ahmad Zarei ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Saghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Arc Gis ◽  
Artificial Neural

scholarly journals Assessment of Groundwater Quality in Al’am District using the Canadian Water Quality Index

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 5246-5249
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Canadian Council ◽  
Council Of Ministers ◽  
Canadian Water Quality Index

The study assesses groundwater quality characteristics in Al’am District which is a part of Salah al-Din Governorate, by use of the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCMEWQI). The samples were taken from six groundwater wells for the assessment and sampling was done at six months per year. Based on CCMEWQI calculated values, the six wells from which the samples collected were in poor rank for drinking purpose. The prime causes of deterioration groundwater quality are total dissolved solids (TDS), and total hardness (TH). This study suggested further improvement and continuous monitoring for the groundwater in the study area to provide safe drinking water

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