scholarly journals Declínio populacional das abelhas polinizadoras de culturas agrícolas

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. O. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
North America ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Native Bees ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Crop Pollination ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The World ◽  
Large Decline

<p>As abelhas são os principais polinizadores na natureza, sendo de fundamental importância na condução de muitas culturas agrícolas ao redor do mundo, promovendo várias melhorias na cadeia produtiva da agricultura. A polinização realizada por abelhas contribui para a melhoria da qualidade e/ou a quantidade de frutos e sementes produzidos. Entretanto, apesar de toda importância, as abelhas encontram-se em processo de desaparecimento em várias partes do mundo, principalmente na Europa e em alguns países da América do Norte. Pesquisas recentes estão mostrando um grande declínio das abelhas nativas e abelhas melíferas (<em>Apis mellifera</em>), principalmente como consequência das alterações ambientais, que provocam severos efeitos negativos na disponibilidade de alimentos disponíveis para as abelhas. Assim essa revisão tem como objetivo, reforçar a importância das abelhas da polinização agrícola e alertar sobre a atual situação e o declínio populacional de diferentes grupos desses importantes polinizadores.</p><p align="center"><strong>Population decline of crop bee pollinators</strong><strong></strong></p><p>Bees are the main pollinators in nature, being of fundamental importance of many agricultural crops around the world, causing improvements in the productivity of these crops. The pollination by bees contributes to improving the quality and / or quantity of produced fruits and seeds. However, despite all importance, the bees are in the process of disappearing in several parts of the world, mainly in Europe and in some countries in North America. Recent surveys are showing a large decline in native bees and honeybees (<em>Apis mellifera</em>), mainly as a result of environmental changes, that cause severe negative effects on the availability of food for the bees. So, this review aims to reinforce the importance of bees in crop pollination, and warn about the current situation and the population decline of different groups of these important pollinators.</p>

Western Civilization: Anatomy and Pathology

1981 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Galtung
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
North American ◽  
Western Civilization ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
East European ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
External Influences ◽  
The World ◽  
Western European

In this article, the author assumes that Western civilization (found in Western and Eastern Europe, North America, the USSR, and Muslim societies) has been dominant in the world, and he explores the positive and negative effects of this civilizational penetration on Hindu, Sinic and Nipponic traditions. Approaching the investigation from a cosmological perspective, he argues that civilizations are in incessant interaction – lending, borrowing, sending, receiving, imposing and submitting as people, things and ideas move in space and time. The consequences of interaction are twofold: (1) it gives rise to similarities in deep structures and ideologies of otherwise dissimilar civilizations; (2) it could mitigate the dominance of one civilization across time. Applied to Western penetration, this analysis suggests that during a period of expansion, the dominant civilization transmits its central themes to civilizations unable to resist penetration through isolation (the Sinic case) or through economic-military countermeasures (the Nipponic case). (Hindu civilization is a class apart, since its extraordinary richness enables it to both absorb and modify external influences.) As the dominant civilization becomes overextended, it enters a period of contraction marked by some openness to civilizations in the expansion mode. This process is iterative. The author concludes that Western European and North American aspects of Western civilization (the inner West) are in contraction while Islam, East European and Soviet forms are expanding, and the remaining civilizations are occidentalizing. Thus, the inner West, which is basically dominance-oriented and exploitative in the expansion mode, may now be ready to enter a dialogue with less aggressive cosmologies, with potentially important consequences for global civilization.

scholarly journals The Principles of Sustainable Development and the Possibilities of Limiting the Global Effects of Smog by Medium-sized Cities Located in the European Union on the Example of Mikołów (Poland) and Żylina (Slovakia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-119
Author(s):  
Michał Czuba ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
European Union ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The World

The urban smog has negative global effects. They are expressed in the increased mortality of people, an increase scale of respiratory diseases as well as climate changes causing negative effects in the field of agricultural crops, which results in an increase in food prices. The occurrence of these phenomena mobilizes the global community to conduct activities aimed at limiting their occurrence. Medium-sized cities can play a significant role in this respect. The element conditioning the life of city dwellers is the appropriate condition of the natural environment. In Polish and Slovak conditions, smog is becoming a problem, which negatively affects the health of citizens of these countries. Therefore, actions are taken to limit the occurrence of this phenomenon. They are described in the current ecological policy of both countries. This article tries to show on the example of the Polish commune of Mikołów and the Slovak commune of Żylina the actions taken in them to reduce air pollution and thereby reduce the phenomenon of smog. In both analysed cities, measures taken to reduce the phenomenon of smog are implemented in a planned manner and may be an inspiration for other medium-sized cities in the world having air quality problems

scholarly journals Viruses that affect Apis mellifera and their occurrence in Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Domitila Brzoskowski Chagas ◽  
Francielle Liz Monteiro ◽  
Silvia de Oliveira Hübner ◽  
Marcelo de Lima ◽  
Geferson Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Native Bees

ABSTRACT: Bees are very important insects for agriculture, fulfilling an important role in pollination and renewal of the ecosystem. However, in several countries significant losses of colonies and population decline of honeybees and native bees have been reported in recent years. Most researchers reported that premature losses are linked to several factors, including viruses that have a great impact on the colonies. This article reports the identification of new viruses, some transmission routes, the association of these parasites with the symptoms of the diseases that affect the health of honeybees, as well as viruses that have been described in Brazil.

scholarly journals Importance of bees in pollination of Solanum lycopersicum L. (Solanaceae) in open-field of the Southeast of Minas Gerais State, Brazil

Hoehnea ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronaldo Vinícius-Silva ◽  
Daniele de Freitas Parma ◽  
Renata Barreto Tostes ◽  
Viviane Modesto Arruda ◽  
Margarete do Valle Werneck
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
The World ◽  
Floral Visitors

ABSTRACT Pollinators are extremely important in agricultural crops because their deficit can affect food production in the world. Consequently, a lot of studies have been emphasizing the importance of the knowledge about the biology of these agents. The tomato stands out among the economically most important crops. Therefore, the objectives of this work were: to identify the pollinators of Solanum lycopersicum in a conventional area of cultivation in the southeast of Minas Gerais State and detect which of these are more representative; to assess the importance of the pollinators' action for the quality of the fruits produced; and discuss practices for conservation to these agents. Fifteen floral visitors were found, with Exomalopsis analis being the most representative. Apis mellifera and Trigona spinipes, although not vibrating bees, also acted as pollinators of Solanum lycopersicum.

scholarly journals How Introduced Earthworms Alter Ecosystems

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malte Jochum ◽  
Nico Eisenhauer
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Ecosystem Engineers ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Earthworm Invasion ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World

We all know earthworms as important friends in our garden: they help plants to grow better by providing nutrients, water, and air in the soil. However, in some cases, earthworms have more negative effects. This is because other organisms need to be used to the activities of earthworms to benefit from their presence. Some regions of the world have developed without earthworms for over thousands of years. For example, in northern North America, earthworms have been absent for more than 10,000 years and have only been re-introduced over the past ~400 years. In many cases, introduced earthworms find a perfect environment, because no other organisms have been able to use the resources that these earthworms now consume. As so-called ecosystem engineers, earthworms dramatically alter many ecosystem characteristics. In this article, we summarize the known consequences of earthworm invasion, report on how scientists study these, and highlight remaining knowledge gaps that you might help solving should you decide to become an ecologist.

Growing Russian Economy against Growing External Tension

2012 ◽  
pp. 4-32
Author(s):  
I. Borisova ◽  
B. Zamaraev ◽  
A. Kiyutsevskaya ◽  
A. Nazarova ◽  
E. Sukhanov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Stock Markets ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Investment Demand ◽  
The World

Conditions and features of the Russian economy development in 2011 are considered in the article. Having caused unprecedented outflow of the capital abroad, rising tension and turbulence on the world financial and stock markets have not broken off recovery of the Russian economy. Crisis recession was overcome. Record-breaking low inflation, rapid credit restoration and active government adjustment neutralized negative effects of the external tension and supported economic growth, having encouraged consumer and investment demand.

Dietary and living regimen of covid-19 with special reference to Ayurveda Varsha and Sharad Ritucharya

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 758-762
Author(s):  
Amit Biswas ◽  
KunalChandankhede
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
World Health ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Dietary Regimen ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Disease Free ◽  
Individual Disease ◽  
Morbid Conditions

Wuhan originated Covid-19 disease is caused by SARC-COV 2 virus. It is a contagious disease it spread all over the world. World health organization declared a global pandemic disease. In Covid-19 immunity plays an important role. In old age people or having other co-morbid conditions the mortality rate is more. Ayurveda has a big role in improved immunity or to intact immunity. The principle of Ayurveda is to keep individual swastha (diseases free). To maintain individual disease-free Ritucharya is one of the important subjects of Ayurveda. Aimed of study is to find out Ritucharya literature from the Ayurveda and modern research specifically Varsha and Sharad ritu. Ritucharya contains dietary regimen, living modification, common medicine, and contraindicated things those changing according to environmental change. Upcoming season in India is Varsha and Sharad ritu. Environmental changes are huge in this season and it directly affected human beings. So this study reveals property of ritu, dietary regimen, living modification, common medicine and contraindicated things in upcoming varsha and sharad ritu.

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