scholarly journals Vegetative growth of apricot (P. armeniaca L.) cultivars and rootstocks

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Edina Pászti Mendelné ◽  
Ákos Mendel
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Continuous Innovation ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Comparative Trials ◽  
Scion Cultivar

The continuous innovation in point of apricot cultivars and rootstocks requires comparative trials, which can be evaluated by precise measurements. An experiment is established, initiated from the recent trends. 15 scion cultivars were budded on 6 different rootstock cultivars. Apricot seedling, Montclar, Myrobalan 29C, Wavit, Rootpack R and Fehér besztercei were used as rootstock. Scions included traditional Hungarian cultivars (Gönci Magyar kajszi, Ceglédi óriás, Ceglédi szilárd, Pannónia), naturalized cultivars (Bergeron, Roxana) and modern cultivars too (Goldrich, Tardif de Valence, LadyCot, FlavorCot, PinkCot, Spring Blush). The experiment was settled at spring of 2018, with 3⇥5 m spacing. Sprouting was 98%, the deficiency was originated only from fawn damage. The main effect of the different rootstocks can be observed in the growth habit of scions, meanwhile the scion cultivar also has a moderate impact.

Cytokinins Associated With Metamorphic Vegetative Growth in Elaeocarpus hookerianus

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
JS Day ◽  
PE Jameson ◽  
KS Gould
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Leaf Morphology ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Transitional Stage ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Cytokinin Content ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
Adult Plants

Elaeocarpus hookerianus, a species endemic to New Zealand, exhibits metamorphic vegetative growth. The juvenile characteristically has small, thin leaves and an entangled branch habit, whereas the adult is arborescent with larger leaves. A transitional stage with branch pattern and leaf morphology intermediate between the juvenile and adult forms is also discernible. The three developmental stages exhibited by this species provide an appropriate system for examining possible correlations between growth habit and cytokinin content. Except for an unknown non-hydroxylated cytokinin, the cytokinins detected in E. hookerianus were similar to those measured by others in various plants. A trend of decreasing concentration of active cytokinin and of increasing concentration of storage cytokinin as a percentage of total cytokinin was measured between juvenile, transitional and adult forest-grown leaves. This trend was confirmed by measuring cytokinins from leaves of juvenile and adult plants propagated and grown in a glasshouse. While cytokinin concentration changes were correlated with modifications in branching pattern and leaf morphology, further work is needed to establish if these are causally linked.

scholarly journals Inheritance and Linkage Map Positions of Genes Conferring Agromorphological Traits inLens culinarisMedik.

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gopesh C. Saha ◽  
Ashutosh Sarker ◽  
Weidong Chen ◽  
George J. Vandemark ◽  
Fred J. Muehlbauer
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Epistatic Effects ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Diameter

Agromorphological traits have immense importance in breeding lentils for higher yield and stability. We studied the genetics and identified map positions of some important agro-morphological traits including days to 50% flowering, plant height, seed diameter, 100 seed weight, cotyledon color, and growth habit inLens culinaris. Earlier developed RILs for stemphylium blight resistance (ILL-5888 × ILL-6002), contrasted for those agro-morphological traits, were used in our study. Three QTLs for days to 50% flowering were detected with additive and epistatic effects. One QTL for days to 50% flowering, QLG483(QTL at linkage group 4 at 83 cM position), accounted for an estimated 20.2% of the variation, while QLG124 × QLG1352and QLG484 × QLG138accounted for 15.6% and 24.2% of the variation, respectively. Epistatic effects accounted for most of the variation in plant height, but the main effect of one QTL, QLG84, accounted for 15.3%. For seed diameter, three QTLs were detected, and one QTL, QLG482, accounted for 32.6% of the variation. For 100 seed weight, five QTLs were identified with significant additive effects and four with significant interaction effects. The main effect of one QTL, QLG482, also accounted for 17.5% of the variation in seed diameter. QLG482-83which appears to affect days to 50% flowering, seed diameter, and 100 seed weight is flanked by RAPD markers, UBC 34 and UBC1. Growth habit and cotyledon color are controlled by single genes with prostrate dominant to erect and red cotyledon dominant to yellow. The QTL information presented here will assist in the selection of breeding lines for early maturity, upright growth habit, and improved seed quality.

VEGETATIVE GROWTH HABIT AND EARLINESS OF BEARING OF DIFFERENT OLIVE CULTIVARS

2014 ◽  
pp. 411-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Arquero ◽  
N. Serrano ◽  
F.J. Romacho ◽  
R. De la Rosa ◽  
L. León
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Olive Cultivars

CYTOGENETICS OF SOME NATURAL INTERGENERIC HYBRIDS BETWEEN ELYMUS AND AGROPYRON SPECIES

1981 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Sadasivaiah ◽  
J. Weijer
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Intergeneric Hybrids ◽  
Homoeologous Relationships ◽  
Elymus Species

The occurrence of natural interspecific hybrids between Elymus and Agropyron species was detected and verified by cytomorphological studies. The hybrids were highly vigorous and resembled Elymus species in vegetative growth habit, although their spikes were sterile, and intermediate between the putative parents in morphology. Chromosome pairing in the hybrids was highly irregular with 14 to 28 univalents per cell. The formation of up to seven bivalents, with mean frequencies of 2.86 to 3.14 per cell in different hybrids, was attributed to homoeologous relationships existing between the genomes of E. innovatus (JJXX) and those of Agropyron species (SSHH).

Effects of cincturing, defoliation and summer pruning on vegetative growth and flowering of custard apple (Annona cherimola x Annona squamosa) in subtropical Queensland

1987 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 915 ◽  
Author(s):  
AP George ◽  
RJ Nissen
Keyword(s):  
Phosphonic Acid ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Annona Squamosa ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Annona Cherimola ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Custard Apple

Trunk cincturing at monthly intervals from budbreak to mid January had no significant effects on vegetative flushing or flowering of 6-year-old custard apple trees (Annona cheriinola x Annona squamosa) cv. Pink's Mammoth in subtropical Queensland. In contrast, pre-budbreak defoliation with 1.0 g/L of 2- chloroethyi-phosphonic acid and 250 g/L of urea hastened, and post-budbreak defoliation and summer pruning delayed, shoot growth and flowering in 3-yearold custard apple trees, cv. African Pride. These responses were associated with a reduction in the number of flowers with defoliation and an increase after summer pruning. The main effect of summer pruning was to increase the number of subpetiolar buds which emerged on the new wood. There was no significant effect of treatments on the number of buds emerging from 1-year-old wood.

scholarly journals Maximum Potential Vegetative and Floral Production and Fruit Characteristics of Watermelon Pollenizers

HortScience ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Dittmar ◽  
David W. Monks ◽  
Jonathan R. Schultheis
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Staminate Flower ◽  
Pistillate Flower ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Fruit Characteristics ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Flower Production

Triploid (seedless) watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nak.] pollen is nonviable; thus, diploid (pollenizer) watermelon cultigens are required to supply viable pollen for triploid watermelon fruit set. The objective of this research was to characterize maximum potential vegetative growth, staminate and pistillate flower production over time, and measure exterior and interior fruit characteristics of pollenizer cultigens. Sixteen commercially available and numbered line (hereafter collectively referred to as cultigens) pollenizer and two triploid cultigens were evaluated in 2005 and 2006 at Clayton, NC. Vegetative growth was measured using vine and internode length, and staminate and pistillate flower development was counted weekly. Fruit quality and quantity were determined by measuring individual fruit weights, soluble solids, and rind thickness. Based on vegetative growth, pollenizer cultigens were placed into two distinct groups. Pollenizers, which produced a compact or dwarf plant were ‘Companion’, ‘Sidekick’, ‘TP91’, ‘TPS92’, and ‘WC5108-1216’. Pollenizers having a standard vine length were ‘Jenny’, ‘High Set 11’, ‘Mickylee’, ‘Minipol’, ‘Pinnacle’, ‘Summer Flavor 800’ (‘SF800’), ‘Super Pollenizer 1’ (‘SP1’), and ‘WH6818’. Cultigens with compact growth habit had shorter internodes and vine lengths compared with the cultigens with standard growth habit. Cultigens with the greatest quantity of staminate flower production through the entire season were ‘Sidekick’ and ‘SP1’. The lowest number of staminate flowers was produced by ‘TP91’ and ‘TPS92’. Based on fruit quality characteristics and production, pollenizers currently or possibly marketed for consumption include ‘Mickylee’, ‘SF800’, ‘Minipol’, ‘Jenny’, and ‘Pinnacle’. The remaining cultigens evaluated in this study should be used strictly as pollenizers based on fruit quality. Arrangement of diploid pollenizers in a commercial planting of triploid watermelons is an important consideration depending on plant vegetative development. Based on staminate flower production, cultigens with higher staminate flower production are potentially superior pollenizers and may lead to improved triploid quality and production. Furthermore, pollenizer selection by fruit characteristics should include a rind pattern easily distinguished from triploid fruit in the field.

scholarly journals Peanut Cultivars Differing in Growth Habit and Canopy Architecture Respond Similarly to Weed Interference

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramon G. Leon ◽  
Michael J. Mulvaney ◽  
Barry L. Tillman
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Canopy Height ◽  
Canopy Architecture ◽  
Morphological Response ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Weed Suppressive Ability ◽  
Peanut Cultivars ◽  
Prostrate Growth

ABSTRACT It has been proposed that crops can be improved to be more competitive with weeds by increasing their ability to suppress weed growth and reproduction. Weed suppressive ability is predominantly influenced by plant architectures that favor shading and rapid canopy closure. A three-yr field experiment was conducted in Jay, FL to assess the response of peanut cultivars with different growth habits to weed interference. Three cultivars (‘Bailey', erect growth and tall canopy height; ‘Georgia-06G', semi-bunch and intermediate height; ‘TUFRunner 727’, prostrate growth and intermediate height) and one advanced breeding line (‘UFT312’, very prostrate growth and short canopy height) were subjected to three weed interference levels: no interference, early season interference, and full-season interference. Results showed that, despite differences in growth habit, morphological response to weed interference was similar among peanut cultivars. All cultivars suppressed weed growth more than 76% in 2 of 3 yr. Peanut reduced reproductive growth and maintained vegetative growth under weed interference scenarios, and yields decreased as interference duration increased. Competitiveness of peanut to weeds could be improved by identification of lines that better balance translocation of photoassimilates favoring kernels over vegetative growth.

Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy of Polyethylene Crystals

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 242-245
Author(s):  
F. Khoury ◽  
L. H. Bolz
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Crystallization Temperature ◽  
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Lateral Growth ◽  
Scanning Transmission Electron ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Growth Habits

The lateral growth habits and non-planar conformations of polyethylene crystals grown from dilute solutions (<0.1% wt./vol.) are known to vary depending on the crystallization temperature.1-3 With the notable exception of a study by Keith2, most previous studies have been limited to crystals grown at <95°C. The trend in the change of the lateral growth habit of the crystals with increasing crystallization temperature (other factors remaining equal, i.e. polymer mol. wt. and concentration, solvent) is illustrated in Fig.l. The lateral growth faces in the lozenge shaped type of crystal (Fig.la) which is formed at lower temperatures are {110}. Crystals formed at higher temperatures exhibit 'truncated' profiles (Figs. lb,c) and are bound laterally by (110) and (200} growth faces. In addition, the shape of the latter crystals is all the more truncated (Fig.lc), and hence all the more elongated parallel to the b-axis, the higher the crystallization temperature.

Quantifying the Effects of Background Speech Babble on Preschool Children's Novel Word Learning in a Multisession Paradigm: A Preliminary Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 345-356
Author(s):  
Meital Avivi-Reich ◽  
Megan Y. Roberts ◽  
Tina M. Grieco-Calub
Keyword(s):  
Word Learning ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Exposure Condition ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Verbal Recall ◽  
Referent Selection ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Noise Ratio ◽  
Novel Word Learning

Purpose This study tested the effects of background speech babble on novel word learning in preschool children with a multisession paradigm. Method Eight 3-year-old children were exposed to a total of 8 novel word–object pairs across 2 story books presented digitally. Each story contained 4 novel consonant–vowel–consonant nonwords. Children were exposed to both stories, one in quiet and one in the presence of 4-talker babble presented at 0-dB signal-to-noise ratio. After each story, children's learning was tested with a referent selection task and a verbal recall (naming) task. Children were exposed to and tested on the novel word–object pairs on 5 separate days within a 2-week span. Results A significant main effect of session was found for both referent selection and verbal recall. There was also a significant main effect of exposure condition on referent selection performance, with more referents correctly selected for word–object pairs that were presented in quiet compared to pairs presented in speech babble. Finally, children's verbal recall of novel words was statistically better than baseline performance (i.e., 0%) on Sessions 3–5 for words exposed in quiet, but only on Session 5 for words exposed in speech babble. Conclusions These findings suggest that background speech babble at 0-dB signal-to-noise ratio disrupts novel word learning in preschool-age children. As a result, children may need more time and more exposures of a novel word before they can recognize or verbally recall it.

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