Biopreparats for Soil Cleaning from Pollution Based on Organic Waste

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
L.V. Bryndina ◽  
O.V. Baklanova ◽  
N.M. Il’ina
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Control Soil ◽  
Active Carbons ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Combined Use

Studies have been carried out to obtain combined biopreparats obtained on the basis of sewage sludge (WWS) and activated carbon (AC) from plant materials for cleaning soils from contaminants with herbicides. The content of organic matter in the settled sludge is 57.3 %. The organic matter of sewage sludge activates its enzymatic activity. Catalase activity in samples treated with combined sorbents, 2.5 to 2.9 times higher than in control soil samples. The combined use of WWS and activated carbons from plant residues significantly accelerates the decomposition of the herbicide. The presence of WWS increases the efficiency of detoxification of the herbicide (active substance metsulfuron-methyl) with active carbons by 1.7 times.

Co-composting as an oxygen stabilization of an organic fraction of municipal solid waste and industrial sewage sludge

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 1697-1706
Author(s):  
M. Milczarek ◽  
E. Neczaj ◽  
K. Parkitna
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Good Method ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Industrial Sewage ◽  
Industrial Sewage Sludge

The purpose of this work is to study the characteristics of the co-composting of municipal solid waste (MSW), sewage sludge, grass and sawdust. Differing proportions of biodegradable waste were investigated through changes of temperature, oxygen consumption, organic matters, moisture content, carbon, nitrogen, C/N ratio as well as heavy metals and pathogen microorganisms content. The present study has shown that addition of MSW above 10% had a negative impact on the composting process. The initial C/N of the mixtures with a higher MSW content was below 18. Lower losses of organic matter occurred during composting for the mixture with the highest addition of MSW. Although studies have shown that composting is a good method for the disposal of organic waste additional research is required in order to optimize the organic and nitrogen compounds degradation during the co-composting process. In conclusion, a 1:4:4:1 mixture of MSW:sewage sludge:grass:sawdust is recommended because it can achieve high temperature as well as the highest organic matter degradation and highest N content in the final composting product. The concentration of heavy and light metals in all composts was within the limits of regulation of the Polish Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development.

Impact of sewage sludge applications on the biogeochemistry of soils

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 513-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Devaney ◽  
M. E. Hodson ◽  
A. R. Godley ◽  
K. Purdy ◽  
S. Yamulki
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Methane Oxidation ◽  
Metal Salts ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Control Soil ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Residual Organic Matter

This report describes an investigation into the bioavailability and fate of trace metals and their subsequent impact on important soil microbiological functions such as nitrification, denitrification and methane oxidation in low and high Cu containing soils in the presence and absence of residual organic matter from sewage sludge additions made 10 years earlier. The soils being studied are part of long term sewage sludge trials and include a low Cu soil (13.3 mg Cu/kg soil, 4.18 LOI %), left un-amended to serve as a control soil, soil amended with a high Cu sewage sludge (278.3 mg Cu/kg soil, 6.52 LOI %) and soil amended with a low Cu sewage sludge (46.3 mg Cu/kg soil, 6.18 LOI %). Soil was also amended with inorganic metal salts (273.4 mg Cu/kg soil, 4.52 LOI %) to further investigate the impact of Cu in the absence of additional organic matter contained in applied sewage sludge. Data from the first two years of a project are presented which has included field-based studies at long term sewage sludge trials based in Watlington, Oxford, UK and laboratory based studies at the Institute of Grassland & Environmental Research, North Wyke, Devon, UK.

scholarly journals Mass spectrometry of organic matter influenced by long-term pedogenesis and a short-term reclamation practice in an Oxisol of Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos M. Monreal ◽  
Marlene Cristina Alves ◽  
Morris Schnitzer ◽  
Sebastiao Nilce Souto Filho ◽  
Carolina dos Santos Batista Bonini
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Iron Aluminum ◽  
Reclaimed Soil ◽  
Adjacent Site

Little is known about the influence of soil pedogenesis and reclamation practices on the chemical composition of soil organic matter (SOM) in eroded Oxisol. We examined the long-term influence of pedogenesis and 8 years of a reclamation practice on SOM in the top 5 cm of an artificially eroded Oxisol of Brazil. The experimental site involved replicated treatments established under native vegetation, and an adjacent site whose top 8.6 m had been removed mechanically (eroded reference). The eroded Oxisol was under reclamation with native tree and grass species, and addition of sewage sludge. Pyrolysis field ionization mass spectrometry was used to characterize SOM. The abundance of most classes of SOM and soil carbon decreased in the following order: native > reclaimed >> eroded soil. Relative to the eroded reference, SOM in the native soil was highly humified and stabilized by inorganic colloids of iron, aluminum, and silicon. Humified and thermally stable SOM in the native and reference eroded soils involved mostly alkylaromatics, lipids, phenols+lignin monomers, lignin dimers, and N-heterocyclics. The reclaimed soil SOM was less humified and less stable than the native Oxisol, showing significant contributions of carbohydrates, amino acids, and sterols derived from sewage sludge and plant residues.

scholarly journals Using biogas as an energy source

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 ◽  
pp. 04064
Author(s):  
Alexander Smirnov ◽  
Kantemir Tsabolov ◽  
Liliya Ineshina ◽  
Elena Gogina
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Sludge Digestion ◽  
The Russian Federation

This article discusses the topic of sewage sludge digestion. Anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge makes it possible to obtain biogas, which can later be used to generate heat or electricity. this approach to resource use is recognized worldwide as more environmentally friendly. The article discusses the experience of European countries in the production and use of biogas. In the Russian Federation, the situation is complicated by the fact that wastewater contains a small amount of organic matter, which is a product for biogas production. Therefore, methods have been proposed for increasing the content of organic matter in sediments, for example, by means of separate waste collection and disposal of organic waste through grinders into the sewerage system. Or, the amount of organic matter in the sewage sludge can be increased by adding manure from animal farms. The stages of sediment fermentation are considered. The topic of rationality and payback of the use of biogas is raised. Projects already working in different countries are being considered. Possible volumes of gas production and methods of air purification during sludge treatment are considered.

scholarly journals BIOMELIORANT APPLICATION FOR INCREASING THE PRODUCTIVITY OF SLIGHTLY HUMIC SOILS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Mezhevova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Chestnut Soil ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Solonetzic Soil

Purpose: to study physical-chemical parameters of sludge and the possibility of its application as a biomeliorant for increasing soil fertility in Volgograd region. Materials and methods. The object of research is light chestnut solonetzic soil of heavy loamy granulometric texture, silt sludge of domestic waste water. The analysis of soil samples was carried out according to generally accepted methods. Results and discussion. Comparative data of various sludge sediments in terms of physical-chemical parameters allow for the conclusion that the sewage sludge processed by the enzymatic-cavitation method has optimal moisture content (11 %), contains the main nutrients: nitrogen (3.3 %), phosphorus (4.27 %), potassium (0.31 %). The content of organic matter in the sludge was 32 %, which fully complies with the specifications of GOST R 54651-2011. The data of the water extract analysis show that in the variant with the processed sludge sediment there is a higher content of sulfate anions (5.40 mmol/100 g soil) in comparison with the variant of light chestnut soil (0.30 mmol/100 g soil), and increased content of calcium cations (8.40 mmol/100 g soil) and magnesium (5.10 mmol/100 g soil). As a result of the study of soil samples, it was found that after the introduction of sewage sludge in soil, the content of organic matter was 2.28 %, while in soil samples without the introduction of sediment it was 1.67 %. The content of nitrate nitrogen ranged from 8.3 to 30.9 mg/kg, ammonia nitrogen from 4.1 to 5.7 mg/kg, mobile phosphorus from 82.0 to 102.0 mg/kg, exchangeable potassium from 385 to 392 mg/kg according to the variants of the experiment. The conducted studies of the content of heavy metals in soil show that no excess was found for all standardized indicators. Conclusions: it is advisable to use sewage sludge after its biological treatment as a biomeliorant for increasing the productivity of slightly humic soils.

scholarly journals Evaluating the effects of sewage sludge compost applications on the microbial activity, the nutrient and heavy metal content of a Chernozem soil in a field survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Farsang ◽  
Izabella Babcsányi ◽  
Zsuzsanna Ladányi ◽  
Katalin Perei ◽  
Attila Bodor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽  
Chernozem Soil ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentrations ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

Abstract Sewage sludge contains organic matter and micro and macronutrients which are potentially useful for agricultural usage. However, it can be harmful when containing undesirable amounts of organic pollutants, heavy metals, or pathogens. Our study focused on examining the changes in the extractable nutrient, organic matter and heavy metal contents of a Chernozem soil and the alteration of the soil biological activity as a consequence of low-dose municipal sewage sludge compost applications (0.5 t/ha). Sampling campaigns were done in 2018 near Újkígyós (SE Hungary) during which composite soil samples (0–30 cm and 30–60 cm) and groundwater samples were collected for assessing changes in the nutrient and heavy metal concentrations as a result of compost amendments’ use. Additionally, upper soil (0–50 cm) and subsoil (50–80 cm) were sampled for assessing biological parameters, considered to be aerobic and anaerobic soil layers, respectively. Soil samples were analyzed for the basic pedological parameters (pH, organic matter, carbonates and texture), nutrients (K2O, P2O5, N-forms and organic matter) and heavy metal concentrations following standard extraction procedures. The microbial properties were characterized by colony-forming units (CFUs) and enzyme activity measurements. The results of the nutrient analyses show significantly increased soil-bound K2O, P2O5 and NO2− + NO3− contents linked to the sewage sludge treatments. However, neither the organic matter nor the heavy metal content varied significantly in the sludge-amended soil compared with a control site. The microbiological analyses revealed that the sewage sludge treatments tended to increase the aerobic CFUs, but not that of the anaerobic microbes. The average catalase enzyme activity in both the aerobic and anaerobic samples and the average dehydrogenase activity only in the aerobic layers showed a slight but not significant increase in the compost-amended soils. Overall, these results convincingly demonstrated that amending soils with low doses of municipal sewage sludge composts (lacking any industrial sources) can be a sustainable fertilizing practice taking advantage of their high N, P and K contents that are slowly converted to their bioavailable forms thus preventing their excessive leaching in the groundwater.

scholarly journals The effect of biologization of growing wine grapes on the microbocenosis of a vineyard

2020 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 04007
Author(s):  
N Klimenko
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Trophic Groups ◽  
Wine Grapes ◽  
Microbiological Study ◽  
Oligotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

This article presents the results of a microbiological study of soil samples selected in the vineyard in the berry growth stage in 20162017, aimed at studying the number of bacteria of the main ecological and trophic groups involved in the transformation of soil organic matter. It is shown that the combined use of microbial preparations and grassing contributed to an increase in the number of bacteria in the rhizosphere of the grape. Thus, the greatest number of ammonifying, amylolytic and oligonitrophilic bacteria were observed against the background of bluegrass grassing: the excess of control was 2.9, 1.3 and 1.2 times, respectively. At the same time, it was revealed that in comparison with the control, the number of phosphate-mobilizing and oligotrophic bacteria was greatest in natural grassing.

scholarly journals Vermicomposting Smart Closed Reactor Design and Performance Assessment by Using Sewage Sludge

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Ghorbani ◽  
Mohammad Reza Sabour ◽  
Masoud Bidabadi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Reactor Design ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Reactor Production ◽  
Closed Reactor ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

Abstract This study aims to design a smart closed reactor of vermicomposting to convert sewage sludge and any organic waste to high-quality vermicompost. In this reactor design, all aspects of growth and reproduction of Eisenia Fetida worms, such as aeration, temperature, light, and moisture, were considered. We analyzed the physicochemical, bacterial, and microstructural of produced vermicompost and growth rate of worms in a substrate of 70% sewage sludge, 20% cow manure, and 10% sugarcane bagasse in a container and the smart reactor. The results show that vermicomposting in the smart reactor took 50% less time and 30% more worm growth rate to produce the same quality as in a container. After vermicomposting in the reactor, the parameters of pH, fecal coliform, phosphorus, organic matter, and C/N decreased whereas the parameters of carbon, nitrogen, nitrate, ammonia nitrate, and EC increased, slightly. Although, the EC amount of the reactor production is more than the container one, the amount of moisture, phosphorus, and organic matter of the vermicompost in the container is more than the reactor one. Based on the odor absorption and leachate elimination of this reactor, we recommend that it be utilized for vermicompost production, including out of smelly organic wastes such as sewage sludge, even in any public zone and personal houses.

scholarly journals Toxicological properties of activated carbons with saturated by cationic surfactant surface

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Artem V. Sharov ◽  
Olga M. Plotnikova ◽  
Аnna I. Rykova ◽  
Vadim V. Evseev
Keyword(s):  
Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Laboratory Mice ◽  
Active Carbons ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes ◽  
Liver Changes

The article discusses the effects of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, sorbed on activated carbons, on vital signs of some living systems.Extracts from carbon, saturated with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, were injected into the organisms of laboratory mice and soil samples. The biochemical blood parameters were determined from laboratory mice. In soils was determined the enzymatic activity, as well as the number of major groups of soil microorganisms.In mice, under the influence of surfactants on active carbons, the activity of enzymes associated with the functioning of the liver changes to a greater extent. The effect on the urease activity of the soil was not detected, the phosphatase activity under the action of surfactants increases, catalase and dehydrogenase - fall. The number of oligonitrophils, oligotrophs and amylolytics is reduced. A decrease in the effect of surfactant bonded to the active carbons surface on the systems as compared with free surfactants has been recorded.The increase in the number of ammonifiers with the introduction of surfactants can be used for microbiological cleaning of waste active carbone.   

Characterization of dissolved organic matter (DOM) extracted from soils by hot water percolation (HWP)

2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Takács ◽  
Gy. Füleky
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Soil Extracts ◽  
Water Percolation ◽  
Soil Humic Acid

The Hot Water Percolation (HWP) technique for preparing soil extracts has several advantages: it is easily carried out, fast, and several parameters can be measured from the same solution. The object of this study was to examine the possible use of HWP extracts for the characterization of soil organic matter. The HPLC-SEC chromatograms, UV-VIS and fluorescence properties of the HWP extracts were studied and the results were compared with those of the International Humic Substances Society (IHSS) Soil Humic Acid (HA), IHSS Soil Fulvic Acid (FA) and IHSS Suwannee Natural Organic Matter (NOM) standards as well as their HA counterparts isolated by traditional extraction methods from the original soil samples. The DOM of the HWP solution is probably a mixture of organic materials, which have some characteristics similar to the Soil FA fractions and NOM. The HWP extracted organic material can be studied and characterized using simple techniques, like UV-VIS and fluorescence spectroscopy.

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