The Technology of Precision-selective Electrostatic Separation of Mixed Secondary Polymers

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
A.M. Gonopolsky ◽  
E.A. Milaeva
Keyword(s):  
Electrostatic Field ◽  
Polymer Surfaces ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Electrostatic Separation ◽  
Polymer Waste ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Surfactant Solutions ◽  
Chemical Destruction ◽  
Process Line

This technology of precision-selective electrostatic separation of mixed secondary polymers with pre-activation of their surfaces with surfactants for chemical destruction of surface polymer is described. A prototype of the process of precision selective separation of mixed polymer materials in the electrostatic field has been developed. Optimum operating modes of the process of activation of polymer surfaces with surfactant solutions as a preliminary stage of separation of mixed polymers in the electrostatic field are determined. An experimental prototype of a process line has been created for selective electrostatic separation chemically activated narrow-fractional mixed crushed polymer waste.

The Impact of Surfactants on Separation of Mixed Polymer Wastes in Electrostatic Field

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
A.M. Gonopolsky ◽  
E.A. Poluosmak
Keyword(s):  
Electrostatic Field ◽  
Polymer Surface ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Polymer Waste ◽  
Maximum Charge ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Polymer Wastes

A quantitative analysis is carried out of such factors as electrostatic intensity, surface area of particles, dielectric permittivity, size polymer particles, and the type and concentration of surfactants, by the amount of electric charge of the polymer surface, obtained in the electrostatic field after their pre-treatment of surfactants. Dependencies of the maximum charge of polymer waste particles from the basic technological parameters of the drum electrostatic separator and physical-chemical properties of polymers and surfactants are shown. It has been found that degradation of polymeric waste in a surfactants aqueous solutions is an effective preliminary step of technology of electrostatic separation of a mixture of crushed polymer wastes that positive effect on their charging in an electrostatic field. The obtained data allows to develop the technological process precision selective separation of mixed polymer materials in an electrostatic field.

scholarly journals Designing of Green Plasticizers and Assessment of the Effectiveness of Their Use

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1761
Author(s):  
Aliya K. Mazitova ◽  
Guliya K. Aminova ◽  
Irina N. Vikhareva
Keyword(s):  
Adipic Acid ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Solid Domestic Waste ◽  
Polymer Waste ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
Potential Methods ◽  
High Set ◽  
Acid Esters

The growing anthropogenic load on the lithosphere is currently characterized by the alienation of huge areas for solid domestic waste. One of the most common pollutants is traditional plastics with a degradation period of over 100 years. In connection with the increasing environmental requirements, polymer materials, along with a high set of technological and operational parameters, must be environmentally friendly and biodegradable. The development of polymer composite materials that undergo accelerated physicochemical and biological changes in the natural environment due to the introduction of biodegradable additives is one of the potential methods for processing synthetic materials and ensures the release of significant areas of fertile soils and lands from the steadily increasing amount of polymer waste. The use of adipic acid esters as PVC plasticizers contributes to the production of biodegradable composites. The article describes a method for obtaining new esters of adipic acid, presents the results of studying their properties for practical use in PVC composites, and assesses the economic efficiency of preventing damage to the environment when using them.

scholarly journals Control the System and Environment of Post-Production Wind Turbine Blade Waste Using Life Cycle Models. Part 1. Environmental Transformation Models

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Piasecka ◽  
Patrycja Bałdowska-Witos ◽  
Józef Flizikowski ◽  
Katarzyna Piotrowska ◽  
Andrzej Tomporowski
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Wind Power Plant ◽  
Polymer Waste ◽  
Wind Power Plants ◽  
The Impact

Controlling the system—the environment of power plants is called such a transformation—their material, energy and information inputs in time, which will ensure that the purpose of the operation of this system or the state of the environment, is achieved. The transformations of systems and environmental inputs and their goals describe the different models, e.g., LCA model groups and methods. When converting wind kinetic energy into electricity, wind power plants emit literally no harmful substances into the environment. However, the production and postuse management stages of their components require large amounts of energy and materials. The biggest controlling problem during postuse management is wind power plant blades, followed by waste generated during their production. Therefore, this publication is aimed at carrying out an ecological, technical and energetical transformation analysis of selected postproduction waste of wind power plant blades based on the LCA models and methods. The research object of control was eight different types of postproduction waste (fiberglass mat, roving fabric, resin discs, distribution hoses, spiral hoses with resin, vacuum bag film, infusion materials residues, surplus mater), mainly made of polymer materials, making it difficult for postuse management and dangerous for the environment. Three groups of models and methods were used: Eco-indicator 99, IPCC and CED. The impact of analysis objects on human health, ecosystem quality and resources was controlled and assessed. Of all the tested waste, the life cycle of resin discs made of epoxy resin was characterized by the highest level of harmful technology impact on the environment and the highest energy consumption. Postuse control and management in the form of recycling would reduce the negative impact on the environment of the tested waste (in the perspective of their entire life cycle). Based on the results obtained, guidelines and models for the proecological postuse control of postproduction polymer waste of wind power plants blades were proposed.

scholarly journals Chemical recycling of polyethyleneterephthalate as a method for obtaining effective modifiers of polymer materials

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
D. A. Panfilov
Keyword(s):  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Chemical Technology ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Chemical Recycling ◽  
Polyester Resins ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester Resins ◽  
Chemical Destruction

The article provides a brief overview of the research carried out at the Department of Chemical Technology of Polymers of SPSIT in the field of chemical destruction of household waste of polyethyleneterephthalate from 2008 to the present. It has been shown that the use of PET glycolysis and aminolysis methods makes it possible to obtain useful products that can be used both as independent binders (unsaturated polyester resins) and as effective modifiers that increase the physical, mechanical and operational properties of already well-proven polymer materials. In some cases, modification of the compositions with PET chemical recycling products leads to an increase in the characteristics of polymer materials by up to 5 times.

Adhesion Enhancement of Polymer Surfaces by Ion Beam Treatment: A Critical Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Endu Sekhar Srinadhu ◽  
Radhey Shyam ◽  
Jatinder Kumar ◽  
Dinesh P R Thanu ◽  
Mingrui Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Properties ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Polymer Surfaces ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Space Applications ◽  
Ion Energy ◽  
Cost Surface ◽  
Ion Beam Treatment

Polymers are widely used in different types of industries ranging from microelectronics, medical to space applications. However, polymer materials are seldom used in their pristine state and are in need of selective surface treatment to induce a specific response which is a challenging and complex task. Adhesion enhancement of polymers is one of the major requirements that can be achieved with ion beam technology at low cost. Surface enhancement involves keeping the bulk properties of materials unchanged and modifying only the surface properties to achieve optimum results.<br/> In this review, we illustrate the use of ion beam technology to modify the surface properties of polymers for potential biomedical and microelectronics applications. This review focuses on effects on the adhesion characteristics for different polymer materials of various optimizable parameters such as type of ion used, ion energy regime (low to medium to high) and the ion fluence range.

On-Line Classification of Synthetic Polymers Using near Infrared Spectral Imaging

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kulcke ◽  
C. Gurschler ◽  
G. Spöck ◽  
R. Leitner ◽  
M. Kraft
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Spectral Imaging ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Shape Information ◽  
Polymer Waste ◽  
Spectral Angle Mapper ◽  
Line System ◽  
On Line

The lack of industrially-applicable, fast polymer classification systems is currently a major stumbling block in establishing both economically- and ecologically-useful waste recycling systems. With the advent of near infrared (NIR) spectral imaging for online classification, a method capable of distinguishing between different materials while simultaneously providing reliable size and shape information became available. In particular, polymer materials can be identified by their characteristic reflection spectra in the NIR without critical interferences from varying sample sizes and colours. A dedicated laboratory-scale prototype spectral imaging system has been developed and a number of classification algorithms have been evaluated for their applicability for polymer classification. Of the investigated algorithms, the Spectral Angle Mapper algorithm, supplemented by a threshold value and applied to the first derivatives of the normalised spectra, proved to be best suited for a rapid and reliable classification of polymers. Based on these achievements, an on-line system capable of classifying polymer parts delivered on a conveyor belt in real-time has been set up, which can be used, for example, as a sensor for fully-automated industrial polymer waste sorters.

Rotary Multimodal Energy Harvesting Device

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miles Larkin ◽  
Yonas Tadesse
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Load Resistance ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Mode Shapes ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Linear Motion ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Impact Forces

In this paper, a new multimodal energy harvesting device consisting of two transduction mechanisms and having unique properties at various operating modes is presented. The hybrid system includes electromagnetic and piezoelectric energy harvesting technologies, and uses linear motion and impact forces from human motion for energy harvesting. The device is based on an unbalanced electromagnetic rotor made of three beams of piezoelectric material that have magnets attached to the ends. The device is to be worn on the legs or arms of a person. Linear motion, from the arms or legs swinging, causes the rotor to spin and the magnets to pass over the coils. Impact forces, from stepping, induce stress on the piezoelectrics which generates voltage across the electrode. The results of several numerical simulations are presented. For the piezoelectric beams, numerical simulations were done to find the deflection, stress, optimum operating frequency, and mode shapes taking into account environmental conditions. For the electromagnetic generation, numerical simulations were done to find the optimal load resistance and power generation for several different orientations. Other design related issues will also be investigated to fully realize the device in real world applications.

Wetting of polymer surfaces by aqueous surfactant solutions

2012 ◽  
Vol 409 ◽  
pp. 30-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thritima Sritapunya ◽  
Boonyarach Kitiyanan ◽  
John F. Scamehorn ◽  
Brian P. Grady ◽  
Sumaeth Chavadej
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Surfaces ◽  
Surfactant Solutions
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