scholarly journals Obtaining a Fibrous Polymeric Material from a Mixture of Polyvinylidene Fluoride and Polystyrene by Capillary-free Electrospinning for a Sealed Lead-Acid Accumulator Separator

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-229
Author(s):  
Aniia A. Izbasarova ◽  
◽  
Marina M. Burashnikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Polymeric Material ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Glass Matrix ◽  
Mixed Solution ◽  
Nonwoven Materials ◽  
Oxygen Cycle ◽  
Cycle Efficiency ◽  
Ratio Of Components ◽  
Lead Acid

The paper considers the most significant properties of moulding solutions based on a mixture of polyvinylidene fluoride and polystyrene for the process of capillary-free electrospinning nonwoven materials. It has been shown that the material obtained from the mixed solution of polyvinylidene fluoride and polystyrene in the ratio of components 0.75 : 0.25 is the largest porous, the diameter of the fibers is in the widest range from 0.14 to 2.8 µm, and branching of the fibers is observed. The use of an absorptive glass matrix separator and this material improved the oxygen cycle efficiency.

Oxygen cycle in sealed leadacid batteries

1989 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mrha ◽  
K. Micka ◽  
J. Jindra ◽  
M. Musilová
Keyword(s):  
Lead Acid Batteries ◽  
Oxygen Cycle ◽  
Lead Acid

scholarly journals Импедансная спектроскопия электропроводящих композиционных материалов на основе микроволокон сополимера поливинилиденфторида с трифторэтиленом, модифицированных полипирролом

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
В.М. Капралова ◽  
И.Ю. Сапурина ◽  
Н.Т. Сударь ◽  
А.А. Третьяков ◽  
O. Gryshkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Spectra ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Dielectric Characteristics ◽  
Circular Arc ◽  
Nanocomposite Polymer ◽  
Nanocomposite Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Nonwoven Materials ◽  
Composite Nonwoven

The impedance spectra of composite nonwoven materials based on nano- and microfibers of polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene copolymer modified by polypyrrole with different doping degree were studied in the frequency range 1000 Hz-5 MHz. It was found that an increase in the doping degree of polypyrrole coating of nanofibers leads to a decrease in the imaginary and real components of the electrical impedance. Regardless of their magnitude, the shape of the hodographs is close to circular arc resting on the ReZ axis, which allows us to consider the studied material as a nanocomposite polymer electrolyte whose dielectric characteristics can be reversibly changed.

A green recycling process of the spent lead paste from discarded lead–acid battery by a hydrometallurgical process

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 508-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinfeng Zhu ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Liying Zhang ◽  
Qiting Zuo ◽  
Jiakuan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Sodium Citrate ◽  
Acetic Acid Solution ◽  
Mixed Solution ◽  
Lead Citrate ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Lead Acid Battery ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Citrate Precursor ◽  
Lead Acid

In this study, a green recycling process of discarded lead–acid battery paste, which could avoid both the smelting and electro-winning route has been developed. Leaching reagents containing sodium citrate, acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide were reacted with spent lead paste in aqueous media at the pH of 5–6. Lead paste was leached and formed into lead citrate precursor, which was recrystallized and separated from the solution. The optimal conditions for the leaching process at room temperature were found to be the: concentration of acetic acid solution of 0.92 mol L-1; concentration of sodium citrate solution of 0.478 mol L-1; initial mass ratio of solid spent lead paste to liquid (solid/liquid ratio) of 1/5 g/mL; and reaction time of 2 hours. The results showed that the desulphurization efficiency of lead paste was up to 99.9%. The optimal conditions for lead citrate re-crystallization from the leaching mixed solution were found to be the re-crystallization temperature of 55oC for 5 hours in a water bath. The lead citrate precursor synthesized from discarded lead–acid battery pastes was the chemical formula of Pb3(C6H5O7)2·3H2O with columnar shape in the length of 30–50 μm, which was easily separated from the leaching solution. The results of kilogram-scale experiments made progress easier for obtaining the ultrafine lead oxide product (PbO and Pb) from discarded lead–acid battery paste.

Organic Syntheses During the Impact of a Comet with a Gaseous Planet

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 189-195
Author(s):  
Cesare Guaita ◽  
Roberto Crippa ◽  
Federico Manzini
Keyword(s):  
Polymeric Material ◽  
Molecular Form ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Blue Filter ◽  
Organic Syntheses ◽  
The Impact

AbstractA large amount of CO has been detected above many SL9/Jupiter impacts. This gas was never detected before the collision. So, in our opinion, CO was released from a parent compound during the collision. We identify this compound as POM (polyoxymethylene), a formaldehyde (HCHO) polymer that, when suddenly heated, reformes monomeric HCHO. At temperatures higher than 1200°K HCHO cannot exist in molecular form and the most probable result of its decomposition is the formation of CO. At lower temperatures, HCHO can react with NH3 and/or HCN to form high UV-absorbing polymeric material. In our opinion, this kind of material has also to be taken in to account to explain the complex evolution of some SL9 impacts that we observed in CCD images taken with a blue filter.

Direct observations of radiation-enhanced transformations in glass

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 354-355
Author(s):  
J. F. DeNatale ◽  
D. G. Howitt
Keyword(s):  
Glass Matrix ◽  
Diffusion Mechanism ◽  
Bubble Formation ◽  
Silicate Glasses ◽  
Phase Decomposition ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Thin Foils ◽  
Oxygen Bubble ◽  
Electron Energy Loss ◽  
Kinetics Of

The electron irradiation of silicate glasses containing metal cations produces various types of phase separation and decomposition which includes oxygen bubble formation at intermediate temperatures figure I. The kinetics of bubble formation are too rapid to be accounted for by oxygen diffusion but the behavior is consistent with a cation diffusion mechanism if the amount of oxygen in the bubble is not significantly different from that in the same volume of silicate glass. The formation of oxygen bubbles is often accompanied by precipitation of crystalline phases and/or amorphous phase decomposition in the regions between the bubbles and the detection of differences in oxygen concentration between the bubble and matrix by electron energy loss spectroscopy cannot be discerned (figure 2) even when the bubble occupies the majority of the foil depth.The oxygen bubbles are stable, even in the thin foils, months after irradiation and if van der Waals behavior of the interior gas is assumed an oxygen pressure of about 4000 atmospheres must be sustained for a 100 bubble if the surface tension with the glass matrix is to balance against it at intermediate temperatures.

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