scholarly journals Rapid screening for generalized anxiety disorder in patients with migraine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Veisy ◽  
Hojjatollah Farahani ◽  
Mansoureh Togha ◽  
Banafsheh Gharaee ◽  
Leila Janani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) often remains undiagnosed in patients with migraine, while comorbidity of GAD with migraine is associated with increased dysfunction and risk of chronic migraine. Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale 7-item (GAD-7) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale 2-item (GAD-2) are the commonly employed screening measures for generalized anxiety symptoms in different patient groups. The present study aimed to evaluate psychometric properties of the Persian version of GAD-7 and GAD-2 in migraine. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, patients were diagnosed with migraine headaches according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (ICHD-3); then they participated in the psychiatric diagnostic interview, and filled out GAD-7, GAD-2, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6), and Migraine-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire version 2.1 (MSQv2.1). The psychometric properties of GAD-7 and GAD-2 were examined using SPSS and LISREL. Results: Final samples were 186 patients with migraine that 83 patients received a diagnosis of GAD. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) indicated that the one-factor model of GAD-7 fit the data well. Internal consistency, test-retest, and Guttman split-half reliability of GAD-7 and GAD-2 were good. Significant correlation results, average variance extracted (AVE), and composite reliability (CR) supported the construct validity of the GAD-7. A score of ≥ 10 in GAD-7 and ≥ 3 in GAD-2 achieved satisfactory sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) (GAD-7: 92%, 90%, 88%, and 93%, respectively; GAD-2: 79%, 88%, 71%, and 91%, respectively). Conclusion: Our findings supported GAD-7 and GAD-2 for assessing GAD in patients with migraine. It seems that GAD-7 and GAD-2 accurately diagnosed GAD in this group of patients.

scholarly journals Screening of Generalized Anxiety Disorder in Patients with Epilepsy: Using a Valid and Reliable Indonesian Version of Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astri Budikayanti ◽  
Andira Larasari ◽  
Khamelia Malik ◽  
Zakiah Syeban ◽  
Luh Ari Indrawati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
World Health ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

Introduction. Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is one of the most common types of anxiety disorder in epilepsy population, comprising 21.9%, that would further impair patients’ quality of life. Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) is the only screening tool for GAD that has been validated in patients with epilepsy (PWE). It is a self-reporting instrument that can be completed in less than three minutes; hence, its usage is appropriate in primary healthcare and neurology outpatient clinic. This study aimed to obtain a valid and reliable Indonesian version of GAD-7, assess its accuracy, and finally evaluate the prevalence of GAD in Indonesian PWE along with its contributing factors. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta. The GAD-7 was translated and adapted using World Health Organization (WHO) steps. Validity, reliability, test-retest reliability, and diagnostic accuracy were evaluated. Then, epilepsy outpatients were screened for GAD using the Indonesian version of GAD-7. Results. Internal validity and reliability for Indonesian version of GAD-7 were satisfactory with validity coefficient of 0.648 to 0.800 (p<0.01) and Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.867. The best cutoff value to detect GAD in Indonesian PWE was >6 with the sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value of 100%, 84.4%, 100%, and 55.8%, respectively. ROC analysis showed the area under the curve of 0.98 (95% CI: 0.96–0.99). The total subjects screened with the validated Indonesian version of GAD-7 were 146, and 49% were screened as having GAD. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics had no statistically significant association with the presence of GAD. Conclusion. The Indonesian version of GAD-7 was a valuable screening tool to detect GAD in PWE. GAD was screened in a quite high proportion of PWE. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were not proven to play role in its development.

(Re)examining the Factorial sstructure of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 in a College Students Sample

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S109-S109 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Monteiro ◽  
A. Bártolo ◽  
A. Torres ◽  
A. Pereira
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional

IntroductionGeneralized anxiety in young adults during college career is a serious public-health problem that untreated has a chronic course. Research has shown that the self-report questionnaire generalized anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) is a reliable and valid measure to assess generalized anxiety symptoms severity in heterogeneous psychiatric samples. However, GAD-7 is not available for non-clinical populations and their factor structure has not been re-examined.ObjectivesOur objective was to examine factor structure and measurement invariance of the GAD-7 among college students testing two alternatives models.AimsThe original model fit of single-factor was compared to two-factor model that considered in comprehensive approach of generalized anxiety the assessment of cognitive-emotional nature and somatic symptoms.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study the GAD-7 was administrated to college students (n = 1031) recruited in the six schools which compose the Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Portugal. Confirmatory factor analysis was used testing two models.ResultsAmong college students, 32.8% reported significant generalized anxiety symptoms. The original unidimensional structure of GAD-7 was confirmed but the two-factor model comprising cognitive–emotional and somatic factors presented better fit to the data (χ2(1) = 21.01, P < 0001). This latent factor were positively associated (r = 0.51, P < 0.001) and presented a good internal consistency (α = 0.85 and α = 0.86 for cognitive-emotional and somatic items, respectively). The invariance factor of two-factor model across gender was also confirmed.ConclusionsResults indicate that within college communities the GAD-7 integrates two stable generalized anxiety factors related but independent structure. The GAD-7 can be an adequate measure to detected generalized anxiety symptoms in this population.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Psychometric Properties of the Spontaneous and Deliberate Mind Wandering Scales

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 878-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Marcusson-Clavertz ◽  
Oscar N. E. Kjell
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Desirability ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Experience Sampling ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mind Wandering ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Psychological Variables

Abstract. Thinking about task-unrelated matters (mind wandering) is related to cognition and well-being. However, the relations between mind wandering and other psychological variables may depend on whether the former commence spontaneously or deliberately. The current two studies investigated the psychometric properties of the Spontaneous and Deliberate Mind Wandering Scales (SDMWS; Carriere, Seli, & Smilek, 2013 ). Study 1 evaluated the stability of the scales over 2 weeks ( N = 284 at Time 1), whereas Study 2 ( N = 323) evaluated their relations to Generalized anxiety disorder symptoms, Openness, Social desirability, and experience-sampling reports of intentional and unintentional mind wandering during an online cognitive task. The results indicated that the SDMWS were better fitted with a two-factor than a one-factor solution, although the fit was improved with the exclusion of one item. The scales exhibited strong measurement invariance across gender and time, and moderately high test-retest reliability. Spontaneous mind wandering predicted Generalized anxiety disorder and experience-sampling reports of unintentional mind wandering, whereas Deliberate mind wandering predicted Openness and experience-sampling reports of intentional mind wandering. Furthermore, Spontaneous mind wandering showed a negative association with social desirability of weak-to-medium strength. In sum, the scales generally showed favorable psychometric properties.

scholarly journals Are Different Forms of Repetitive Negative Thinking Associated With Interpretation Bias in Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Depression?

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 969-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Krahé ◽  
Jessica Whyte ◽  
Livia Bridge ◽  
Sofia Loizou ◽  
Colette R. Hirsch
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Interpretation Bias ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Repetitive Negative Thinking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Thinking ◽  
Negative Thought

Worry and rumination, two forms of repetitive negative thinking (RNT), are prevalent in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and depression. Cognitive processing biases, especially the tendency to draw negative conclusions from ambiguous information (interpretation bias), may maintain worry and rumination. Yet the relationship between interpretation bias and both forms of RNT has not been explored in clinical versus nonclinical samples. In this cross-sectional study, participants with GAD ( n = 72), depression ( n = 79), or neither disorder ( n = 71) completed two tasks assessing interpretation bias, measures of worry and rumination, and reported negative thought intrusions during a behavioral task. Interpretation bias was associated with higher levels of worry, rumination, and negative thought intrusions. Both clinical groups generated significantly more negative interpretations than healthy comparison participants. These findings link interpretation bias to worry and rumination and establish the need for research investigating the causal role of interpretation bias in maintaining RNT.

scholarly journals Psychosocial factors associated with symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder in general practitioners during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1228-1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro Monterrosa-Castro ◽  
Velia Redondo-Mendoza ◽  
María Mercado-Lara
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
P Value ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional

Healthcare providers commonly experience symptoms of anxiety during public health crises and pandemics. The objective of the study was to identify the frequency of symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in general practitioners and to estimate the association with particular psychosocial and demographic factors. This is a cross-sectional study, where a total of 531 general practitioners completed an online form that contained sociodemographic variables, questions about fear and perceptions concerning medical work during the COVID-19 pandemic, 7-Item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), questionnaire on psychosomatic problems and Fear of COVID-19 Scale. The presence of symptoms of GAD was defined by a GAD-7 score of 10 or more points. Voluntary and anonymous participation, acceptance of terms, and informed consent were requested. A p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Symptoms of GAD were identified in 4 out of 10 Colombian general practitioners; the following psychosocial and demographic factors were associated with a greater presence of these symptoms: female gender, social discrimination, anguish, job disappointment, nightmares, stress and other symptoms of fear regarding the pandemic. Conversely, feeling protected by the state or employer, being satisfied with their job as a physician, and trusting government measures and information were associated with a lower presence of symptoms of GAD. These findings highlight the importance of timely psychotherapeutic and psychopharmacological interventions in these individuals. The authors suggest mental health providers should be deployed during times of crisis to decrease the risk of developing mental illness.

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