Plasma Iron Indices in Pregnant Women Referred to the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amos Dangana ◽  
Anthony Uchenna Emeribe ◽  
Sanusi Musa ◽  
Lugos D. Moses ◽  
Christopher Ogar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Iron Binding ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Plasma Iron ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Iron Binding Capacity ◽  
The University

Background and Aims: Iron Deficiency (ID) is a common obstetric problem and nutritional disorder that occurs mostly in developing countries. Hence, nutritional studies are required every few years to determine the necessary healthcare interventions for pregnant women. This cross-sectional study evaluated the plasma iron, ferritin, transferrin, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), and unsaturated iron-binding capacity (UIBC) levels of pregnant women referred to the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were collected from 58 non-pregnant women, 22 pregnant women in the first trimester, 52 in second, and 44 in the third trimester. The plasma ferritin concentration of these samples was measured by chemiluminescence assay, while the plasma transferrin, TIBC, and iron concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Plasma ferritin levels <15μg/L were considered ID. Results: The overall prevalence of ID in pregnant women was 33.1%. However, the prevalence of ID was 29.3%, 22.7%, 34.6%, and 36.4% among non-pregnant women, women in the first trimester, second and third trimester, respectively. The mean±SEM iron levels were significantly higher among pregnant women compared to non-pregnant women (p=0.004). There was no significant difference in the mean±SEM of plasma ferritin, transferrin and TIBC concentrations between pregnant and non-pregnant women (p>0.05). Nevertheless, the mean±SEM plasma iron, ferritin, and UIBC significantly differed across the gestational ages of pregnant women (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study revealed a high prevalence of ID during pregnancy, which increases with the trimester of affected women. Healthcare interventional measures that can address ID are recommended.

scholarly journals Assessment of D-Dimer Levels in Southwestern Nigerian Pregnant Women

2020 ◽  
pp. 60-68
Author(s):  
E. O. Bamisaye ◽  
M. A. Okungbowa ◽  
D. T. Alade ◽  
O. Brown- West ◽  
G. T. Oluwasuji
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Elevated Concentration ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Mean ◽  
D Dimer

Aim: This study evaluated D-dimer level in pregnant and non-pregnant women in Southwestern Nigeria in order to provide more information on the concentration and liable risks in this region. Study Design: This is a cross sectional study where convenience sampling method was applied in sample collection. Place and Duration of Study: Blood samples were collected from pregnant women             attending the antenatal clinics of Federal Teaching Hospital Ido-Ekiti (FETHI), Ekiti; Federal                Medical Centre (FMC), Owo; and LAUTECH Teaching Hospital (LTH), Osogbo in Southwestern Nigeria. Methodology: Exactly three hundred pregnant (300) and one hundred and fifty (150) apparently healthy non pregnant women were recruited for this study. The blood samples were analysed for haematocrit (HCT) and platelet count using Sysmex KX-2IN (Japan); prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) by Diagen reagents (Diagnostic Ltd., UK); the international normalized ratio (INR) was calculated from the PT results; and D-dimer quantitative assay using Tina Quant Gen 2 on Cobas C111 (Roche). Data analysis was performed using IBM-SPSS version 25.0; mean and standard deviation was used to summarize continuous variables and descriptive and Inferential statistical tests were employed with level of statistical significance was determined at p<0.05. Results: The mean D-dimer levels were significantly higher in the pregnant women (0.87 ± 1.00 ugFEU/ml) than in controls (0.31 ± 0.22 ugFEU/ml) with 42% of the pregnant population having elevated concentration while the mean PT, INR and HCT were significantly higher in controls than the subjects (p<0.05).Furthermore, the HCT, platelet, PT and INR were observed to be highest at first trimester; 36.04±5.09 (L/L), 182.72±35.11 (x109/L), 11.80±1.86 (seconds) and 0.35±0.15 respectively, decreasing across the second and the third trimester. On the other hand, the D-dimer and APTT increased exponentially from the first trimester; 0.42±0.18 (ugFEU/ml) and 30.80±3.30 (seconds), through the second and third trimesters respectively (p>0.05). Conclusion: This study shows a significant increase in D-dimer in the pregnant subjects when compared with the control and an exponential increase in the third trimester, also a significant reduction in some other baseline coagulation profile hence depicting D-dimer as a notable significant marker of coagulation and fibrinolysis. This therefore emphasizes the hypercoagulable state of pregnancy and a need for adequate monitoring.

PLASMA IRON AND IRON-BINDING CAPACITY

The Lancet ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 305 (7919) ◽  
pp. 1293
Author(s):  
Terry Hamblin
Keyword(s):  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Iron Binding ◽  
Plasma Iron ◽  
Iron Binding Capacity

Iron preparations for children

1966 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-11
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Blood Smear ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Iron Binding ◽  
Iron Stores ◽  
Plasma Iron ◽  
Hypochromic Anaemia ◽  
Iron Binding Capacity

We have discussed iron preparations for adults in earlier articles;1 much of the information applies equally to children. Iron is not a ‘tonic’ and should be given only to prevent or correct iron deficiency. Estimation of the haemoglobin and inspection of a blood smear are the minimum investigations necessary before iron is prescribed in therapy. When deficiency is suspected in the absence of hypochromic anaemia, plasma iron and iron-binding capacity should be estimated and/or the bone marrow examined for haemosiderin crystals which disappear when iron stores are depleted.

Plasma iron and transferrin iron-binding capacity evaluated by colorimetric and immunoprecipitation methods.

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
H A Huebers ◽  
M J Eng ◽  
B M Josephson ◽  
N Ekpoom ◽  
R L Rettmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Dilution ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Isotope Dilution Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Iron Binding ◽  
Plasma Iron ◽  
Excess Iron ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Iron Binding Capacity

Abstract We evaluated plasma iron (PI) and total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) or transferrin in normal individuals and in patients with iron imbalance. The standard colorimetric measurements of PI and TIBC and the standard isotope-dilution measurement of TIBC were compared with an immunoprecipitation method and also with immunoelectrophoresis of transferrin. PI concentrations as measured by the standard and immunoprecipitation methods agreed closely for all individuals except those with saturated transferrin, where nontransferrin iron increased the results in the standard assay. This excess iron in saturated plasma may be derived from either free iron or iron-bearing ferritin. There were also differences in TIBC between the two methods. Iron-deficient sera gave higher values for transferrin when measured by immunoelectrophoresis. Unsaturated iron-binding capacity was increased in the isotope-dilution method in some iron-saturated plasma, compounding errors when added to erroneously high PI values to compute TIBC. Perhaps some exchange of iron occurred between added iron and transferrin iron in the isotope-dilution method. These measurements confirm the accuracy of the standard colorimetric method of measuring PI and TIBC except in iron-saturated plasma. However, the greater specificity of a polyclonal immunoprecipitation method of measuring PI and TIBC makes it particularly useful in differentiating transferrin-bound iron from nontransferrin iron.

PLASMA-IRON AND IRON-BINDING CAPACITY

The Lancet ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 305 (7917) ◽  
pp. 1191
Author(s):  
Adam Turnbull ◽  
JoanF Zilva
Keyword(s):  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Iron Binding ◽  
Plasma Iron ◽  
Iron Binding Capacity

Rh ? plasma iron binding capacity association. New evidence

1995 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
CarlosY. Valenzuela ◽  
Mar�aL. Bravo ◽  
J�anC. Alarc�n
Keyword(s):  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Iron Binding ◽  
Plasma Iron ◽  
Iron Binding Capacity ◽  
New Evidence

scholarly journals Profil Zat Besi Ibu Hamil di Daerah Endemis Malaria

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Rostika Flora ◽  
Bina Melvia ◽  
Sigit Purwanto
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Total Iron ◽  
Iron Binding ◽  
Total Iron Binding Capacity ◽  
Endemic Malaria ◽  
History Of ◽  
Iron Binding Capacity ◽  
Iron Profile

Pada saat kehamilan, terjadi peningkatan kebutuhan zat besi (Fe) yang diperlukan untuk meningkatkan jumlah sel darah merah ibu dan membentuk sel darah merah janin dan plasenta. Apabila kebutuhan zat besi ini tidak terpenuhi, akan terjadi anemia defisiensi besi. Ibu hamil yang tinggal di daerah endemis malaria rentan terinfeksi malaria, yang berdampak terhadap anemia pada kehamilan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran profil zat besi pada ibu hamil yang berada di daerah endemis malaria vivax kota Bengkulu. Pemeriksaan mikroskopis malaria dan pengambilan sampel darah dilakukan untuk pemeriksaan profil zat besi terhadap 55 orang ibu hamil trimester II dan III yang mempunyai riwayat malaria di 5 wilayah kerja puskesmas. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dilakukan analisis univariat. Pada ibu hamil yang tidak terinfeksi malaria tetapi mempunyai riwayat malaria, 90,5% mengalami anemia, 41,5% mengalami penurunan kadar Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC), dan 17% mengalami penurunan kadar Fe serum. Ibu hamil yang terinfeksi malaria vivax selain terjadi penurunan kadar hemoglobin juga disertai dengan penurunan kadar Fe serum dan kadar TIBC. Pada ibu hamil yang menderita malaria falsiparum, terjadi penurunan kadar hemoglobin (Hb) dan kadar TIBC tetapi tidak disertai dengan penurunan kadar Fe serum. Ibu hamil yang terinfeksi malaria maupun yang mempunyai riwayat terinfeksi malaria mengalami anemia pada kehamilan.During pregnancy, the need of iron increase significantly. Iron is needed for increasing the amount of mother’s red blood cell and form the red blood cell of fetus and placenta. If this iron needs is not fulfilled, it could cause iron deficiency anemia. Pregnant women who live in endemic malaria will be vulnerable to be infected malaria, and will cause anemia in pregnancy. This research was aimed to know iron profile in pregnant women that live in endemic malaria area. Malaria microscopic examination and blood sampling for examination of iron profile in 55 pregnant women trimester II and III who have a history of malaria in 5 working area health centers. The data obtained was then performed univariate analysis. The results showed pregnant women who have malaria history, 90.5% are suffering anemia, decreasing of Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) level (41.5%) and 17% Fe serum level (17%). Pregnant women who are infected vivax malaria not only experiencing decrease of hemoglobin level but also experiencing decrease of Fe serum level and TIBC level, while pregnant woman who suffers from falciparum malaria haemoglobin (Hb) level and TIBC are decreasing but not in serum Fe levels. Pregnant women with history of malaria infection will suffer from anemia during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Comparison of Salivary Alpha-Amylase, Sialic Acid, and pH in Pregnant and Nonpregnant Subjects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoomeh Shirzaiy ◽  
Zohreh Dalirsani
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Objectives During pregnancy, systemic physiological alterations lead to some changes in the oral cavity, which could prepare the mouth environment for oral and dental problems. This study was aimed to investigate salivary α-amylase, sialic acid levels, and pH levels in pregnant and nonpregnant females. Materials and Methods In this analytical, case–control study, unstimulated saliva samples were collected with spiting method from 35 pregnant women (case group) and 35 nonpregnant women (control group) and transferred to the laboratory to assess salivary α-amylase, sialic acid, and pH levels. Data were analyzed by SPSS (version: 19) software through statistical methods of independent t-test and analysis of variance. Results The mean sialic acid levels were 2.285 ± 1.230 mg/dL in pregnant and 2.744 ± 1.326 in nonpregnant women without any significant difference (p = 0.138). The mean salivary α-amylase concentrations were 2.461 ± 1.869 U/L and 2.439 ± 2.058 U/L, respectively, in pregnant and nonpregnant women, with no significant difference (p = 0.963).The mean salivary pH in nonpregnant women was significantly more than that in pregnant women (7.845 ± 0.430 and 6.868 ± 0.413, respectively) (p < 0.001). Also, the mean salivary pH levels in pregnant women were 7.474 ± 0.420 in the first trimester, 6.868 ± 0.413 in the second trimester, and 6.568 ± 0.387 in the third trimester, which were significantly different (p < 0.001). Conclusion Salivary sialic acid and α-amylase levels among pregnant women were no different from those of other subjects. During pregnancy, the salivary pH significantly reduced, and the mean salivary pH during pregnancy had a decreasing trend from the first trimester to the third trimester.

scholarly journals Association between Serum Ferritin and Iron Parameters with Preeclampsia and its Association with Perinatal Outcome

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
Lipika Ghosh ◽  
Rowshan Afrooz ◽  
Saleha Begum Chowdhury ◽  
Osman Gani ◽  
Rokhshana Khatun
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Total Iron ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Iron Binding ◽  
Total Iron Binding Capacity ◽  
Iron Parameters ◽  
Iron Binding Capacity

Background & objective: To see the relationship between preeclampsia and iron parameters (serum iron, serum ferritin and total iron binding capacity). Methods: The present case-control study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), Dhaka in collaboration with the Department of Biochemistry, BSMMU, Dhaka over a period of 1 year from July 2012 to June 2013 Pregnant women with preeclampsia admitted in the above-mentioned hospital were considered as case, while the pregnant women without preeclampsia were included as control. A total of 60 women-31 cases and 29 controls were purposively included in the study. The exposure variables were serum ferritin, serum iron and total iron binding capacity (TIBC), while the outcome variable was preeclampsia. The serum iron level > 100 μg/L was considered as hyperferritenemia. Result: Nearly two-thirds of the women were in their 2nd decades of life belonged to lower socioeconomic class. The body mass index was also fairly comparable between the groups with most women having normal BMI. No significant difference was observed between the groups with respect to obstetric variables as well. Level of haemoglobin and hematocrit were also identically distributed between groups. The result showed that a significantly higher proportion (35.5%) preeclamptic women had elevated serum ferritin (> 100 μg/L) as opposed to 10.3% of the control group (p = 0.021). The risk of developing raised serum ferritin in women with preeclampsia was estimated to be 4-fold (95% CI =1.2 – 19.4) higher than that in the normal pregnant women. Analyses also revealed that women with severe preeclampsia had a higher mean serum ferritin (207.3 ± 44.1 ng/ml) than the women with mild preeclampsia (41.7 ± 2.7) and an even higher level compared with the normal pregnant women (21.7 ± 1.4 μg/ml) (p = 0.001). Similar result was observed in serum iron with greater the severity, higher is the level of serum iron (p = 0.067). Conversely, the serum total iron binding capacity (TIBC) was decreased with severity of preeclampsia (p = 0.058). Conclusion: The study concluded that women with preeclamsia might be associated with higher serum ferritin, higher serum iron and lower serum TIBC although it is not known whether the rise in serum ferritin and serum iron precedes or contributes to the clinical manifestations of preeclampsia. Ibrahim Card Med J 2017; 7 (1&2): 64-69

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