scholarly journals Optimization and Kinetic Modelling of The Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Oil Palm Petioles

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 439
Author(s):  
Efri Mardawatia ◽  
Dwi Wahyudha Wira ◽  
M. Djali ◽  
Fetriyuna Fetriyuna ◽  
Edi Suryadi
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Kinetic Modelling ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Surface Response Method ◽  
Response Method ◽  
Menten Kinetic ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Oil palm petiole is  the solid waste  of the crude palm oil industry.  It contains about 35% cellulose, 18% hemicellulose and 22-25% lignin.  During hydrolysis   lingo celllulosic, cellulose and hemicellulose are gradually degraded into fermentable sugars, such as glucose and xylose. Enzymatic hydrolysis of oil palm petioleby xylanase could be an effective biotechnological process, since it can be performed at ambient temperature and pressure. Further glucose and xylose can be used as raw material for the production of a wide variety of chemicals such as xylitol and bioethanol. The aim of this study wasto examine the optimum conditions needed for the enzymatic hydrolysis  of oil palm petioles, particularly temperature and pH. A surface Response Method Methodologies  (RSM) by central composite design (CCD) was employed to obtain  the optimum xylose concentration.   The dynamics of enzymatic hydrolysis   process was modelled using the Michaelis Menten kinetic model with kinetic parameters obtained from   experimental data. The results of this study lead to an enhanced process of the enzymatic hydrolysis of oil palm petiole, whichwas shown to follow the Michaelis Menten kinetic  model and the kinetic parameters including Km and Vm were obtained, they were 6.433 g/L  andVm= 0.042 g/L/min. The optimum hydrolysis condition wereobserved to be at temperature 50oC and pH 4.8. Keywords: enzymatic hydrolysis; glucose; kinetic modelling; oil palm petioles; xylose

scholarly journals Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Pretreated Fibre Pressed Oil Palm Frond by using Sacchariseb C6

2017 ◽  
Vol 206 ◽  
pp. 012008
Author(s):  
F S Hashim ◽  
H W Yussof ◽  
M A K M Zahari ◽  
R A Rahman ◽  
R M Illias
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Oil Palm Frond ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Palm Frond

Improving the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of Eucalyptus residues with a modified aqueous ammonia soaking method

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Huo ◽  
Qiulin Yang ◽  
Guigan Fang ◽  
Qiujuan Liu ◽  
Chuanling Si ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Aqueous Ammonia ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Aqueous Ammonia Soaking ◽  
Guaiacyl Lignin ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Abstract Eucalyptus residues from pulp mill were pretreated with aqueous ammonia soaking (AAS) method to improve the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis. The optimized condition of AAS was obtained by response surface methodology. Meanwhile, hydrogen peroxide was introduced into the AAS system to modify the AAS pretreatment (AASP). The results showed that a fermentable sugar yield of 64.96 % was obtained when the eucalypt fibers were pretreated at the optimal conditions, with 80 % of ammonia (w/w) for 11 h and keeping the temperature at 90 °C. In further research it was found that the addition of H2O2 to the AAS could improve the pretreatment efficiency. The delignification rate and enzymatic digestibility were increased to 64.49 % and 73.85 %, respectively, with 5 % of hydrogen peroxide being used. FTIR analysis indicated that most syringyl and guaiacyl lignin and a trace amount of xylan were degraded and dissolved during the AAS and AASP pretreatments. The CrI of the raw material was increased after AAS and AASP pretreatments, which was attributed to the removal of amorphous portion. SEM images showed that microfibers were separated and explored from the initial fiber structure after AAS pretreatment, and the AASP method could improve the destructiveness of the fiber surface.

Kinetic model of enzymatic hydrolysis of steam-exploded wheat straw

2012 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 1280-1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greta Radeva ◽  
Ivo Valchev ◽  
Stoiko Petrin ◽  
Eva Valcheva ◽  
Petya Tsekova
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Optimization of steam pretreatment conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis of poplar wood

Holzforschung ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fokko Schütt ◽  
Jürgen Puls ◽  
Bodo Saake
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Steam Pretreatment ◽  
Alkaline Extraction ◽  
Poplar Wood ◽  
Steam Refining ◽  
Severity Factor ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Pretreatment Conditions ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Abstract Steam refining was investigated as a pretreatment for enzymatic hydrolysis of poplar wood from a short rotation plantation. The experiments were carried out without debarking to use an economically realistic raw material. Steam refining conditions were varied in the range of 3–30 min and 170–220°C, according to a factorial design created with the software JMP from SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA. Predicted steaming conditions for highest glucose and xylose yields after enzymatic hydrolysis were at 210°C and 15 min. Control tests under the optimized conditions verified the predicted results. Further pretreatments without bark showed that the enzymes were not significantly inhibited by the bark. The yield of glucose and xylose was 61.9% of theoretical for the experiments with the whole raw material, whereas the yield for the experiments without bark was 63.6%. Alkaline extraction of lignin from the fibers before enzymatic hydrolysis resulted in an increase of glucose yields from mild pretreated fibers and a decrease for severe pretreated fibers. The extracted lignin had a high content of xylose of up to 14% after very mild pretreatments. On the other hand, molecular weights of the extracted lignin increased substantially after pretreatments with a severity factor above 4. Hence, alkaline extraction of the lignin seems only attractive in a narrow range of steaming conditions.

scholarly journals Enzymatic hydrolysis of oil palm empty fruit bunch to produce reducing sugar and its kinetic Hidrolisis enzimatik tandan kosong kelapa sawit untuk menghasilkan gula pereduksi dan kinetikanya

2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera BARLIANTI ◽  
Deliana DAHNUM ◽  
. MURYANTO ◽  
Eka TRIWAHYUNI ◽  
Yosi ARISTIAWAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Enzyme Concentration ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
First Order ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Abstrak Sebagai salah satu Negara penghasil minyak kelapa sawit mentah (CPO), Indonesia juga menghasilkan tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) dalam jumlah besar. TKKS terdiri dari-tiga-komponen utama, yaitu selulosa, hemiselulosa, dan lignin. Pengolahan awal TKKS secara alkalindi ikuti dengan hidrolisis TKKS secara enzimatik menggunakan kombinasi enzim selulase dan β-glukosidase akan menghasilkan gula-gula yang mudah difermentasi.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh konsentrasi substrat, kon-sentrasi enzim, dan suhu selama proses hidrolisis berlangsung.  Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi gula maksimum (194,78 g/L) dicapai pada konsentrasi TKKS 20% (b/v), konsentrasi campuran enzim yang terdiri dari selulase dan β-1,4 glukosidase sebesar 3,85% (v/v), dan suhu 50oC. Perbandingan antara selulase dan β-1,4 glukosidase adalah 5:1 dengan masing-masing aktivitas enzim sebesar 144.5 FPU/mL dan 63 FPU/mL. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa model kinetika yang sesuai untuk proses hidrolisis TKKS secara enzimatik adalah model kinetika Shen dan Agblevor dengan reakside aktivasi enzim orde satu.  Hasil ini mendukung studi kelayakan ekonomi dalam pemanfaatan TKKS untuk produksi bioetanol.AbstractAs one of the crude palm oil producers, Indonesia also produces empty fruit bunches (EFB)in large quantities. The oil palm EFB consist of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Alkaline pretreatment of EFB, followed by enzymatic hydro-lysis of cellulose using combination of cellulase and β-glucosidase enzymes produce fermentable sugars. This paper reported the effects of substrate loading, enzyme concentration, and temperature of hydrolysis process on reducing sugar production. The  maximum  sugar  concentration (194.78 g/L) was produced at 50oC using 20% (w/v) EFB and 3.85% (v/v) mixed enzymes of cellulase and β-1,4 glucosidase in volume ratio of 5:1 (v/v), with enzyme activity of 144.5 FPU/mL and 63 FPU/mL, respectively. The results also showed that the suitable kinetic model for enzymatic hydrolysis process of oil palm EFB follow Shen and Agblevor model with first order of enzyme deactivation. These results support the economic feasibility study in utilization of EFB of oil palm for bioethanol production.    

Synergistic effects on process parameters to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis of alkaline oil palm fronds

2018 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 617-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masniroszaime Md Zain ◽  
Abdul Wahab Mohammad ◽  
Shuhaida Harun ◽  
Nurul Aina Fauzi ◽  
Nur Hanis Hayati Hairom
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Oil Palm Fronds ◽  
Palm Fronds ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Kinetic modelling of the photocatalytic inactivation of bacteria

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 1547-1553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Marugán ◽  
Rafael van Grieken ◽  
Alberto E. Cassano ◽  
Orlando M. Alfano
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Catalyst Concentration ◽  
Kinetic Modelling ◽  
Kinetic Constant ◽  
Water Disinfection ◽  
Radiation Absorption ◽  
Simple Modification ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Photocatalytic Inactivation

This work analyzes the kinetic modelling of the photocatalytic inactivation of E. coli in water using different types of kinetic models; from an empirical equation to an intrinsic kinetic model including explicit radiation absorption effects. Simple empirical equations lead to lower fitting errors, but require a total of 12 parameters to reproduce the results of four inactivation curves when the catalyst concentration was increased. Moreover, these parameters have no physical meaning and cannot be extrapolated to different experimental conditions. The use of a pseudo-mechanistic model based on a simplified reaction mechanism reduces the number of required kinetic parameters to 6, being the kinetic constant the only parameter that depends on the catalyst concentration. Finally, a simple modification of a kinetic model based on the intrinsic mechanism of photocatalytic reactions including explicit radiation absorption effects achieved the fitting of all the experiments with only three parameters. The main advantage of this approach is that the kinetic parameters estimated for the model become independent of the irradiation form, as well as the reactor size and its geometrical configuration, providing the necessary information for scaling-up and design of commercial-scale photoreactors for water disinfection.

scholarly journals Michaelis-Menten Kinetic Parameters of Coconut Coir Enzymatic Hydrolysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akbarningrum Fatmawati ◽  
Rudy Agustriyanto
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Initial Rate ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Concentration Data ◽  
Maximum Reaction Rate ◽  
Initial Substrate ◽  
Coconut Coir ◽  
Menten Kinetic

The limitation of fossil oil reserves and environmental pollution has been current problems that need to be solved. Biofuels such as ethanol can be alternative energy source that can reduce demand on fossil fuel and environmental problem. Food wastes such as coconut coirs are abundant and contain carbohydrate which can be used as the substrate for biofuel production. Pretreatment and hydrolysis are important stages which have to be applied on such lignocellulose materials before fermentation process to produce biofuel. This article presents Michaelis-Menten kinetic parameters for coconut coir enzymatic hydrolysis. Coconut coirs collected from several local markets in Surabaya were subjected to alkaline pretreatment using 11% sodium hydroxide solution at 121oC. Hydrolysis steps were carried out using commercial enzymes at various initial substrate concentrations. The hydrolysis conditions were at 50oC and pH 4.8. The concentrations of reducing sugar produced in the reactions were measured at certain time intervals. Initial rate of reactions of each reaction batch were then determined. Finally, kinetic parameters of Michaelis-Menten model for enzymatic reaction were determined by fitting the initial rate of reactions and initial substrate concentration data. From nonlinear fitting, the maximum reaction rate (Vm) is 4.9´104 1/h and the value of KM is 4,195 mg/L.

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