MONITORING THE ARTIFICIAL SPACE OBJECTS WITH UKRAINIAN NETWORK OF OPTICAL STATIONS

The article describes the successes and challenges of the Ukrainian network of optical stations (UMOS) in recent years in the field of astrometric observations of artificial space objects both in low-Earth orbit (LEO) and geostationary Earth orbit (GEO). UMOS was established in 2012 as a joint partnership of organizations interested in satellite observations for scientific purposes and practical near Earth space monitoring. The main purpose of the UMOS has been (and still is) to combine scientific and technical means with regular optical (positional and / or non-positional) observation. The short list of equipment of the UMOS members are given in the tables. The programs for observations, used methods and obtained results are described in the paper. In conclusion, the advantages of observations of artificial space objects by means of a network are summarized. The experience of UMOS and main results obtained by UMOS can be considered as the first step to create the SSA system of Ukraine.

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Beacon-satellite observations of wave disturbances in the plasma of near-earth space

Kosmìčna nauka ì tehnologìâ ◽

10.15407/knit2004.02.016 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 10 (2-3) ◽

pp. 16-21

Author(s):

O.F. Tyrnov ◽

◽

Yu.P. Fedorenko ◽

L.F. Chernogor ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Satellite Observations ◽

Earth Space ◽

Near Earth Space ◽

Wave Disturbances

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Could future COP talks help to de-junk near-earth space?

Soundings ◽

10.3898/soun.78.05.2021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 78 (78) ◽

pp. 81-85

Author(s):

Susmita Mohanty

Keyword(s):

Space Debris ◽

Outer Space ◽

Low Earth Orbit ◽

Observation Data ◽

Earth Space ◽

Near Earth Space ◽

Earth Environment ◽

Outer Space Treaty ◽

Earth Observation Data ◽

Earth’S Climate

Space debris has reached alarming proportions and is growing at a frightening pace, because of the expanding number of satellites circulating in Low Earth Orbit (LEO), designed to increase global Internet coverage and provide earth observation data. LEO satellites are now being launched in mega-constellations, including by Elon Musk's company SpaceX. It is time to completely overhaul the 1967 Outer Space Treaty, which was not designed to deal with current problems. The COP forum should therefore include the near-earth environment within its concept of the earth's climate, enabling the UN to acknowledge, as a collective, the growing menace of human-made debris in near-earth space, and, in partnership with the UN-Outer Space Affairs Office (UN-OOSA), call for a new declaration on LEO.

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Geoinformation modeling of near-Earth space: current tasks and future prospects

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202131006002 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 310 ◽

pp. 06002

Author(s):

P.Yu. Orlov ◽

M.A. Boyarchuk ◽

I.G. Zhurkin

Keyword(s):

Three Dimensional ◽

Software Tool ◽

Earth Space ◽

Near Earth Space ◽

Technological Search ◽

Space Industry ◽

Space Objects ◽

Geoinformation Modeling ◽

History Of ◽

The Hill

The history of space exploration and current near-Earth space objects population are described in this paper. Moreover, the necessity of GIS technologies application to solve space industry tasks and the development of corresponding GIS are explained. The legal and regulatory issues of the near-Earth space GIS project development are touched upon, as well as the classification and options for the target purpose of the system. The stages of technological search and development are presented, as a result of which the Cesium library was chosen. Based on the results of discussions, a decision is made to expand the limits of the modeling space to the outer boundaries of the Hill sphere. In addition, it is noted that the objects of geoinformation modeling of near-Earth space should be not only space objects, considered as three-dimensional, but also the physical fields of the Earth. The results of performance evaluation experiments on SGP4/SDP4 based software tool for predicting space objects position are shown, and the accuracy of this model itself is assessed by reference GPS coordinates. Possible ways of industry tasks that could be solved using the developed near-Earth space GIS are presented; promising routes of the future development including DISCOS data are indicated.

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Modern radar techniques and the hazard of meteoroids to space platforms

Annals of Geophysics ◽

10.4401/ag-3819 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 41 (5-6) ◽

Author(s):

G. Cevolani

Keyword(s):

Parent Body ◽

Low Earth Orbit ◽

Space Environment ◽

Meteoroid Streams ◽

Storm Activity ◽

Plasma Generation ◽

Near Earth Space ◽

Space Objects ◽

Very High ◽

Perihelion Passage

Modern radar techniques, and in particular ground based radars, are a powerful tool to observe space objects (natural meteoroids and artificial space debris) on account of their all-weather and day-and-night performance. Natural meteoroids are an important component of the near-Earth space environment and represent a potential risk for all Earth-orbiting space platforms, which could significantly increase in coincidence of enhanced (outburst or storm) activity of meteoroid streams. A review of the currently active meteoroid streams suggests that a few streams have shown a quasi-periodic outburst activity in the two last centuries and may even undergo a storm activity in the next few years. The Leonids, the most intense of meteor showers, present a potentially serious damage to spacecraft in November of 1998 and 1999, after the perihelion passage of the parent body. Impact probability values of storm meteoroids on space platforms in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) were calculated using the data recorded during systematic observational campaigns carried out by the FS radar facility Bologna-Lecce in Italy. Meteoroid flux predictions and directionality, and investigation on impact parameters at very high velocities (up to 71 km/s) for penetration, charge production and plasma generation, are relevant aspects to develop strategies for safe deployment of the near Earrth-orbiting space platforms.

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Electromagnetic pollution of near-Earth space by power line emission

Solar-Terrestrial Physics ◽

10.12737/stp-73202107 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 105-113

Author(s):

Vyacheslav Pilipenko ◽

Eugeny Fedorov ◽

Nikolay Mazur ◽

Stanislav Klimov

Keyword(s):

Transmission Line ◽

Geomagnetic Field ◽

Power Transmission ◽

Line Emission ◽

Power Line ◽

Satellite Observations ◽

Electromagnetic Response ◽

Power Transmission Line ◽

Earth Space ◽

Near Earth Space

We present an overview, based on satellite observations at low Earth orbits, on electromagnetic radiation from ground power transmission lines at an industrial frequency 50–60 Hz. Particular attention has been given to Chibis-M and DEMETER satellite observations. The electric 40-cm antenna of the micro-satellite often recorded 50–60 Hz radiation (known as Power Line Emission (PLE)) when it flew over industrialized areas of the planet. The PLE spectral amplitude varied from 1.2 to 18 (μV/m)/Hz0.5, which corresponds to the electric field amplitude E~1 μV/m. We report results of numerical calculations of the electromagnetic response of the atmosphere and ionosphere to a large-scale surface emitter at a frequency of 50 Hz. According to simulation results, PLE with an intensity of ~1 μV/m observed on satellites in the nightside ionosphere at midlatitudes can be excited by an unbalanced current 8–10 A in a power transmission line above the earth's crust with conductivity of 10–3 S/m. At middle and low latitudes with an inclined geomagnetic field, the maximum response in the upper ionosphere to the transmission line radiation should be seen shifted equatorward, although this shift is less than that upon guidance by the geomagnetic field. The maximum amplitude of the electromagnetic response of the ionosphere to the power transmission line emission decreases for an inclined geomagnetic field, but insignificantly. To date, the PLE intensity in near-Earth space has turned out to be higher than the intensity of natural radiation in this range (Schumann resonances and ion whistlers), and continues to grow with the technological development of mankind.

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