scholarly journals Effects of Breeder Age on Genetic Parameter Estimates of Slaughter and Carcass Traits in Japanese Quail

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eser Kemal Gurcan ◽  
Dogan Narinc ◽  
Selcuk Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameter ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Parameter Estimations ◽  
Breast Weight ◽  
Positive Results

This study aimed to determine the phenotypic values of the slaughter and carcass traits in the flocks of quails obtained when a flock of parent quails were at 12, 16, and 20 weeks of age and to estimate the heritabilities and the genetic correlations for these traits. For this purpose, a total of 1,346 Japanese quails were slaughtered at 8 weeks of age, and their slaughter weights as well as carcass, breast, leg, and abdominal fat weights and ratios were determined. Differences in all traits were detected between female and male quails (P<0.05). The averages of many important traits, primarily slaughter weight, carcass weight, and breast weight, increased with the increase in the breeder age. On the contrary, the carcass yield decreased (P<0.05). There were no significant variations in the phenotypic and genetic variances for the slaughter and carcass traits in the flocks obtained when the breeder flock was at different ages. The heritabilities for slaughter weight, carcass weight, and abdominal fat weight were estimated to be moderate, and the genetic correlations among them were estimated to be positive and high. In conclusion, it is possible to state that positive results might be obtained by using the carcass ratio as the criterion for selection in quails. Besides, the breeder age was discovered to have had no significant effect on the genetic parameter estimations.

scholarly journals 37 Genetic parameter estimates for days on feed, age at slaughter, and carcass traits in a multi-breed beef cattle population

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 21-22
Author(s):  
Lindsay R Upperman ◽  
Larry A Kuehn ◽  
Matthew L Spangler
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Genetic Parameter ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Heritability Estimates

Abstract The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for days on feed (DOF), age at slaughter (AAS), and their relationships with carcass traits, including: marbling score (MARB), adjusted fat thickness (AFT), hot carcass weight (HCW), ribeye area (REA), and final live weight (FW). Data were from steers and heifers (n = 7,747) from the Germplasm Evaluation Program at the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center. All traits were analyzed with univariate and bivariate animal models using ASReml. Fixed effects fitted for all models included contemporary group (concatenation of birth year and season, sex, and experimental treatment group), breed fractions, and direct heterosis. Different endpoints were also investigated by fitting fixed linear covariates of AFT, HCW, REA, MARB, FW, and age (except AAS and DOF). For a given bivariate analyses, both traits were adjusted to the same endpoint. Univariate heritability estimates for AFT, AAS, DOF, FW, HCW, MARB, and REA ranged from 0.45–0.52, 0.52–0.59, 0.33–0.39, 0.34–0.55, 0.34–0.55, 0.54–0.55, and 0.50–0.56, respectively. Covariates of MARB and AFT led to the highest and lowest, respectively, heritability estimates for AAS and DOF. Depending on the endpoint, genetic correlations between AAS and AFT, FW, HCW, MARB, and REA ranged from 0.16 to 0.32, -0.08 to 0.33, 0.19 to 0.36, 0.14 to 0.20, and -0.06 to 0.13 (Table 1). Genetic correlations between DOF and AFT, MARB, and REA were negligible. Genetic correlations between DOF, FW, and HCW ranged from -0.10 to 0.29 and -0.37 to -0.17. Standard errors were less than 0.07 for all estimates. Phenotypic variability in DOF was low, and increased variability in AAS was due to differences in date of birth and thus weaning age. Results indicate DOF and AAS are moderately to highly heritable and generally lowly correlated with routine carcass traits. The USDA is an equal opportunity employer.

Evaluation of eleven cattle breeds for crossbred beef production: carcass data from males slaughtered at two ages

1990 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Morris ◽  
R. L. Baker ◽  
A. H. Carter ◽  
S. M. Hickey
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
Slaughter Age ◽  
Sire Breed

ABSTRACTAn experiment was carried out to compare sire breeds for carcass traits and to estimate heritabilities and phenotypic and genetic correlations. There were 1908 male cattle from 5 birth years. The sire breeds, each evaluated over three locations, were Blonde d'Aquitaine, Charolais, Chianina, Limousin, Maine Anjou, Simmental (four strains: Austrian, French (Pie Rouge), Swiss and West German) and South Devon (i.e. seven imported breeds) and Angus, Friesian, Hereford and Jersey (four local breeds), with a total of 161 sires represented. Each location contained Angus cows and additionally one location contained Hereford cows. Proportionally 0·72 of the cattle were slaughtered at about 20 months of age, whilst random samples from each of the first 4 years were retained for slaughter at about 31 months of age.Sire breeds ranked similarly for live weight at 13 months of age and for pre-slaughter weights at both 20 and 31 months of age. Relative to the Hereford-cross, the seven imported breeds were proportionally 0·054 to 0·072 heavier at slaughter (depending on slaughter age) and they had 0-065 to 0·077 heavier carcasses. Dressing proportions for the Blonde d'Aquitaine, Chianina and Limousin sire breeds were higher by at least 0007 units than for the Hereford-cross. The seven imported breeds were all leaner and had larger areas of m. longissimus than the Hereford-cross cattle. Friesian-crosses also had high live or carcass weights although they were intermediate for fat depth.The interaction of sire and dam breeds were only significant for fat depth (both slaughter ages) and for pre-slaughter and hot carcass weights (31-month slaughter age only). Interactions between sire breed and location were not important.Heritability estimates on data adjusted to a slaughter age of 595 days were: pre-slaughter weight 0·29, hot carcass weight 0·28, dressing proportion 0·14, fat depth 0·03 and m. longissimus area 0·30. Corresponding values on cattle whose records were adjusted to an age of 935 days were 0·56, 0·44, 0·39, 0·37 and 0·29. These values were from cattle grazed on pasture, and were generally lower than those from America (from cattle offered high energy rations). Phenotypic correlations among all pairs of traits were positive, whilst genetic correlations were positive for all pairs except those involving fat depth (where standard errors were large).

scholarly journals Yozgat İli Halk Elinde Yetiştirilen Beyaz ve Alaca Kazların Kesim ve Karkas Özellikleri

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Musa Sarıca ◽  
Mehmet Akif Boz ◽  
Umut Sami Yamak
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Phenotypic Correlations

The aim of this study is to determine the slaughter and carcass traits of White and Multicolor Geese varieties reared in Yozgat province. 5 female and 5 male geese at six months old age from each variety were slaughtered and their slaughter and carcass traits were presented. Also, phenotypic correlations between carcass traits were calculated. The differences between the slaughter weight, hot and cold carcass weight, feather, head and foot weights of varieties were found insignificant, while male geese had higher values in terms of these traits. There were no significant differences between varieties and sexes in terms of hot and cold carcass yields and head ratio. Feather and foot ratios were found higher in White geese; whereas, abdominal fat ratio was found higher in Multicolor geese. There were insignificant differences between varieties in terms of carcass part weights, except back weight which was found higher in males. While heart weights of male geese were significantly higher, differences between varieties and sexes in terms of liver and gizzard weight were found insignificant. There were insignificant differences between the carcass parts and edible inner organ ratios of varieties, but breast ratio of females was found higher, while back ratio of males were found higher. Phenotypic correlation coefficients between slaughter weights, carcass weights and hot-cold carcass yields were found significant. Obtained data showed that native geese in the region are suitable for meat production in terms of slaughter and carcass traits.

scholarly journals Realized Sampling Variances of Estimates of Genetic Parameters and the Difference Between Genetic and Phenotypic Correlations

Genetics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
pp. 1409-1416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth R Koots ◽  
John P Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Parameter ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Sampling Variance ◽  
Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Genetic And Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Heritability Estimates

Abstract A data set of 1572 heritability estimates and 1015 pairs of genetic and phenotypic correlation estimates, constructed from a survey of published beef cattle genetic parameter estimates, provided a rare opportunity to study realized sampling variances of genetic parameter estimates. The distribution of both heritability estimates and genetic correlation estimates, when plotted against estimated accuracy, was consistent with random error variance being some three times the sampling variance predicted from standard formulae. This result was consistent with the observation that the variance of estimates of heritabilities and genetic correlations between populations were about four times the predicted sampling variance, suggesting few real differences in genetic parameters between populations. Except where there was a strong biological or statistical expectation of a difference, there was little evidence for differences between genetic and phenotypic correlations for most trait combinations or for differences in genetic correlations between populations. These results suggest that, even for controlled populations, estimating genetic parameters specific to a given population is less useful than commonly believed. A serendipitous discovery was that, in the standard formula for theoretical standard error of a genetic correlation estimate, the heritabilities refer to the estimated values and not, as seems generally assumed, the true population values.

scholarly journals Canonical correlation analysis of body measurements and carcass traits of cross bred rabbit population

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 855-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.M. Ogah
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Canonical Correlation Analysis ◽  
Canonical Correlation ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Criterion Variables

In this study, canonical correlation analysis was applied to estimate the relationship between body measurements and carcass traits of 28 male cross bred rabbits of about 12 weeks of age, reared under semi intensive system. Four body measurements, pre-slaughter weight (PSW) , body length (BL), chest circumference (CC), and ear length (EL) as predictor variable while dressing percentage ( DP) , hot carcass weight (HCW) and cold carcass weight (CCW) as criterion variables. Pre-slaughter weight and body length had significant (P<0.001) simple correlation coefficients with the carcass traits except for dressing percentage. The three canonical variate pairs ranged between .99 to .42 and only the first pair was significant (P<0.001). From the analysis pre-slaughter weight and body length can be regarded as the main factors as live measurement traits, while dressing percentage did not have pronounced effect on the emerged criterion variables.

Genetic parameter estimations and genomic insights for teat and udder structure in young and mature Canadian Angus cows

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Devani ◽  
J J Crowley ◽  
G Plastow ◽  
K Orsel ◽  
T S Valente
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Parameter ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Parameter Estimations ◽  
Angus Cattle ◽  
Genetic Evaluations

Abstract Poor teat and udder structure, frequently associated with older cows, impact cow production and health, as well as calf morbidity and mortality. However, producer culling, for reasons including age, production, feed availability, and beef markets, creates a bias in teat and udder scores assessed and submitted to the Canadian Angus Association for genetic evaluations towards improved mammary structure. In addition, due to the infancy of the reporting program, repeated scores are rare. Prior to adoption of genetic evaluations for teat and udder scores in Canadian Angus cattle, it is imperative to verify that teat and udder scores from young cows are the same trait as teat and udder scores estimated on mature cows. Genetic parameters for teat and udder scores from all cows (n=4,192), and then from young cows (parity 1 and 2) and from mature cows (parity ≥ 4) were estimated using a single trait animal model. Genetic correlations for the traits between the two cow age groups were estimated using a two-trait animal model. Estimates of heritability (PSD) were 0.32 (0.07) and 0.45 (0.07) for young teat and udder score, and 0.27 (0.07) and 0.31 (0.07) for mature teat and udder score, respectively. Genetic correlation (PSD) between the young and mature traits was 0.87 (0.13) for teat score and 0.40 (0.17) for udder score. GWAS were used to further explore the genetic and biological commonalities and differences between the two groups. Although there were no genes in common for the two udder scores, 12 genes overlapped for teat score in the two cow age groups. Interestingly, there were also 23 genes in common between teat and udder scores in mature cows. Based on these findings, it is recommended that producers collect teat and udder score on their cow herd annually.

Genetic parameter estimates (full sib and half sib analysis) of fertility and hatchability in two strains of Rhode Island chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
M. Orunmuyi ◽  
I. A. Adeyinka ◽  
O.O Oni
Keyword(s):  
Rhode Island ◽  
Additive Genetic Variance ◽  
Genetic Parameter ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Poultry Breeding ◽  
Genetic And Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Heritability Estimates

A study was conducted to estimate the genetic parameters of fertility and hatchability in two strains of Rhode Island Red (RIR) Chickens denoted as Strain A and Strain B respectively using the full-sib (sire +dam variance) and maternal half-sib (dam variance) components. The birds were obtained from the selected populations of RIR Chickens kept at the poultry breeding programme of National Animal Production Research Institute, Shika, Zaria, Nigeria. Settable eggs were collected from mating 28 cocks to 252 hens in a ratio of 1cock:9 hens from each strain. Eggs were pedigreed according to sire and dam. Results showed that values obtained for number of egg set (EGGSET), number of fertile eggs (NFERT), number of hatched chicks (NHATCH), percentage of chicks hatched from total eggs set (PHATCH) and percentage of chicks hatched from fertile eggs (PHATCHBL) were all higher in strain A than strain B. Heritability estimates obtained from the full-sib and maternal half-sib analysis ranged from medium to high for the two strains (0.24-0.96). The maternal half sib estimates were higher (0.40-0.96) than the estimates obtained from full sibs (0.24- 0.48). Genetic and phenotypic correlations obtained for both strains were positive and similar regardless of method of estimation. Genetic correlations between EGGSET and PFERT were low in strain A using both full-sib and maternal half-sib analyses (0.09-0.14). Phenotypic correlations between EGGSET and PFERT, PHATCH and PHATCHBL were also low in both strains and regardless of method of analyses. Moderate to high heritability estimates suggest that genetic improvement can be obtained by selection of these reproductive traits. The full-sib analysis for estimating heritability will be preferred since it is assumed that only additive genetic variance contributes to the covariance between family members.

SIRE BY HERD INTERACTIONS FOR MILK YIELD AND COMPOSITION TRAITS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. W. TONG ◽  
B. W. KENNEDY ◽  
J. E. MOXLEY
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Genetic Parameter ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Reduced Model ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Full Model ◽  
Reduced Models

A total of 13,561 Holstein 305-day lactation records from 779 Quebec and Maritime herds enrolled on the Dairy Herd Analysis Service were used to evaluate the importance of sire × herd interactions for milk yield and composition traits. Sire × herd interaction accounted for 4.1, 1.1, 0.3, 2.6 and 5.6% of the total variation of milk, fat and protein yield and fat and protein percent, respectively. Genetic parameter estimates obtained under two different models, a full model that accounted for sire × herd interaction and a reduced model that ignored it, were examined. Heritabilities of milk, fat and protein yield and fat and protein percent were, respectively: for the full model, 0.36, 0.47, 0.45, 0.59 and 0.31 and for the reduced model, 0.49, 0.50, 0.46, 0.66 and 0.46. Phenotypic correlations between the traits were not appreciably different when estimated under the full and reduced models. Genetic correlations between the yield traits were also similar when estimated under the full and reduced models, but genetic correlations between yield and percentage traits were more stongly positive, or less negative, when sire × herd interaction was accounted for. The genetic correlation between fat and protein percent was larger under the reduced model than under the full model.

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