scholarly journals Shiite Geopolitics Contemporary Shiite Geopolitical Theories and Terms

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (08) ◽  
pp. 01-07
Author(s):  
Bayan Al Safi
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Political Islam ◽  
Islamic Revolution ◽  
Islamic World

Ideological doctrinal theories were developed specifically for Shiite geopolitics as the basis for the implementation of the Iranian expansionist strategy and attempts to make the Iranian sectarian project successful by controlling the countries located in its vital area. In the first decade of the Islamic revolution, Shiite geopolitical theories were based on Iran's outing its geographical borders and turning it into the axis of the Islamic world. Thus, Tehran took a liberty of reaching out to social, cultural and sectarian components in other countries with the aim of building Muslim Shiite regimes under the leadership of Iran. The paper examines the manifestation of the return of geopolitics in the 21st century, in particular, the Iranian Shiite geopolitics. The expansion of Shiite political Islam, especially after the Iranian role demonstrated the terrorist-armed aspect of sectarianism.

Desecularization as Phenomenon at the Turn of 21st Century

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
Sergey V.  Lebedev ◽  
Galina N.  Lebedeva
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Islamic Revolution ◽  
Islamic Movement ◽  
The World ◽  
Rational Alternative ◽  
Role Of Religion

In the article the authors note that since the 1970s, with the rise of the Islamic movement and the Islamic revolution in Iran, philosophers and political scientists started to talk about religious renaissance in many regions of the world. In addition, the point at issue is the growing role of religion in society, including European countries that have long ago gone through the process of secularization. The reasons for this phenomenon, regardless of its name, are diverse, but understandable: secular ideologies of the last century failed to explain the existing social problems and give them a rational alternative.

Orientalist Museum Exhibitions in UK as a New Media at the Turn of the 21st Century

2021 ◽  
pp. 268-282
Author(s):  
Meltem Yaşdağ
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
New Media ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
The Real ◽  
Western Art ◽  
Museum Exhibitions ◽  
The Media

In this chapter, the author examined the orientalist themed museum exhibitions totally held in Britain after 2000 to understand the real intention behind their thematic artifact selection and their effect on people as becoming media tool. These were “Turks: A Journey of a Thousand Years, 600-1600” in 2005, “The Lure of the East: British Orientalist Painting” in 2008, and recent “Inspired by the East: How the Islamic World Influenced Western Art” in 2019, respectively. The author analyzed the criticisms in newspapers and magazines as well as curators' interviews and catalogs for the museum exhibitions organized in United Kingdom. In this way, the author also discussed the effects of the exhibition created with the media.

scholarly journals Islamism, the West and Our Concern: A Social Reflection

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 2403-2411
Author(s):  
TI Aisyah ◽  
Herdi Sahrasad ◽  
Muhammad Ridwan ◽  
Muhamad Asrori Mulky ◽  
Dedy Tabrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Political Power ◽  
The Political ◽  
Central Theme ◽  
Islamic Fundamentalism ◽  
The West ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Terror Attacks ◽  
The Us

This article argues that a number of Western orientalists tried to impress that Islam and the West could not meet, imaged that all the Islamic ones seemed to be unable to meet all the nuances of the West, as all the western images imaged always contradict Islam. Such tensions continue to this day. Towards the end of the 20th century, Islamism or Islamic fundamentalism has retreated or failed in maintaining political power in the Islamic world. But the enforcement of Shari'ah in society, remains a central theme of the demands of these Islamic fundamentalists. Thus, their target as a group is no longer just a country, but also a society. The political experiments of Islam, however, as shown in Algeria, Sudan, Iran and Afghanistan have failed and are out of date, but anyway, by the beginning of the 21st century Islamism or Islamic fundamentalism has been revived, marked by the WTC bomb 9/11 and other terror attacks in Indonesia, Europe, the US etc.

scholarly journals Al-Shanshul eventionality in the architecture of the first decade of the 21st century

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-116
Author(s):  
Zainab Huseen Ra’ouf ◽  
Rana Mazin Mahdi ◽  
Enas Salim Abdulahhad
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Coherent Structure ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Equal Importance ◽  
The Aesthetic

The paper studies the concept of Shanshul as an architectural concept rooted in the Islamic world and the countries of the East with two functional and aesthetic dimensions of equal importance which contributed to its formulation as an event, But a new techniques have emerged to try to create a new image that Western architectural experiences have adopted and moved on to local Arab architectural experiences, Research Problem emerged as a lack of clarity of the role of contemporary technologies in the introduction of a new image of the Shanshul as a multidimensional event, , and the research defined its methodology to reach its goal and ending with its conclusions. It highlighted the depth of the global and Arab experience, which tried to maintain the approximate balance of the aesthetic and functional dimensions, the research concluded the ability of the Shanshul to find the balance of functional and aesthetic dimensions by reverting to their founding principles and pushing them forward through contemporary materials in a unified and coherent structure. 

The Battle for the Soul of Islam

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Dorsey
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Islam ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Interfaith Dialogue ◽  
Christian Communities

The battle for the soul of Islam is about much more than countering political violence and suppressing political Islam. It is a long-drawn-out, decades-long battle for religious soft power in which multiple Middle Eastern and Asian states compete for recognition as leader of the Muslim world and to be drivers of a largely undefined “moderate,” tolerant, and pluralistic interpretation of an Islam that at a minimum engages in interfaith dialogue. The rivals employ religion to garner favor, empathy, and goodwill in the corridors of power in the United States and Europe as well as among influential Jewish and Christian communities. At the same time, the battle for the soul of Islam is also a struggle to redefine what Islam represents in a 21st-century world.

Past Non-Dependency in the Twenty-first Century

2019 ◽  
pp. 107-119
Author(s):  
Anastassia V. Obydenkova ◽  
Alexander Libman
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Political Islam ◽  
First Century ◽  
World War ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Twenty First Century

This chapter aims to provide a different approach to the development of regional IOs since World War II, by singling out non-democratic tendencies in regionalism from a historical perspective. It explores differences between the functioning of DROs and NDROs over the last 70 years—from coerced organizations such as COMECON to modern alliances of autocrats. The chapter argues that the twenty-first-century NDROs (e.g. SCO) are different from those of the last half of the twentieth century (e.g. COMECON) in terms of membership composition, governance structure, and the characteristics discussed in earlier chapters. While historical NDROs were driven by ideologies such as Communism, in the main modern NDROs lack an ideological foundation (with the exception of ALBA and the Islamic world). The ideological foundation of Islamic ROs has changed—from pan-Arabism in the 1940s and 1950s to the dominance of various forms of political Islam and a focus on specific political institutions (e.g. the conservative rule of Gulf monarchies in the GCC).

scholarly journals Political Islam (The Justice and Development Party in Turkey) Versus the Gülen Movement

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Recep Dogan
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Political Islam ◽  
The State ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Justice And Development Party ◽  
Ruling Party ◽  
Muslim Scholars ◽  
The Way ◽  
Gulen Movement

Islam has been interpreted by individuals since its birth and Political Islam is one of them. Moderate Muslim Scholars have identified some of its interpretations as extreme due to their consequences and negative effects on Muslims and others. Political Islam has a long history and the Justice and Development Party (the AKP) is a new face of it in 21st Century. The purpose of this paper is to explore the defining political Islam, especially in the characteristics of the Ruling Party (Justice and Development Party) and compare its Islam to Hizmet (service) Movement. Although the AKP has long benefitted from the valuable support of Fethullah Gülen and his followers in the way of democratizing the state and its institutions the two allies have clearly separated from each other since 2013 maybe a little bit earlier. This separation has created a massive impact on Muslims as well as on other people. Due to a great polarization, hatred and enmity between the two groups and its huge effect on society it has become a necessity to analyze the interpretation of Islam by these two groups.

scholarly journals ‘Moderate Islam’ Made in the United Arab Emirates: Public Diplomacy and the Politics of Containment

Religions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panos Kourgiotis
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
International Relations ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Political Islam ◽  
The Arab Spring ◽  
Made In

This essay addresses the ideological utilization of religion in the international relations of the United Arab Emirates during the Arab Spring and beyond. By referring to the theoretical framework of public diplomacy and analyzing UAE regional and domestic attitudes, this essay intends to examine the politics of ‘moderate Islam’ in line with: (a) the monarchy’s nation building visions for the 21st century; (b) its national rebranding strategies; (c) its geopolitical empowerment in the Gulf and the Middle East. Throughout our analysis, it is argued that even though ‘moderate Islam’ has been devised for creating ‘soft power’, it serves ‘sharp power’ as well. As will become obvious, this has been mainly the case as far as the containment of Political Islam is concerned.

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