scholarly journals Complex effect of fertilizers and drip irrigation eggplant yield

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
D. S. Magomedova ◽  
S. A. Kurbanov ◽  
М. Sh. Shabanova
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Dry Steppe ◽  
Water Drip ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential

Relevance and methods. In the dry steppe zone of flat Dagestan, the beneficial effect of drip irrigation in combination with organic fertilizers on the yield and quality of Almaz eggplant fruits has been proven. Results. It was established that out of the three studied soil moisture thresholds (70, 80 and 90% HB), the best conditions for plant growth and development, optimization of their photosynthetic activity are created at a moisture threshold of 80% HB in combination with the introduction of 40 t / ha manure + N320P120K210. The combination of factors under study makes it possible to increase the leaf surface index by an average of 24.3%, which contributes to an increase in the photosynthetic potential by 15.7% and an increase in the efficiency of the use of photosynthetically active radiation by crops by 2.5 times in comparison with the unfertilized background by 90% НВ. In conditions of a shortage of irrigation water, drip irrigation in combination with fertigation in the form of three root fertilizing with nitrogen fertilizers increases the efficiency of its use by reducing the water consumption for the formation of a unit of production from on average with 164.8 to 66.4 m3 /t. It has been proven that the best combination of yield-forming factors ensuring the highest eggplant yield - 62.3…63,6 t / ha, is the use of drip irrigation with the maintenance of soil moisture in the active 0.5 m layer during the growing season within 80...100% HB in the complex with the introduction of 40 t / ha of manure and N320P120K210. 

scholarly journals Influence of drop irrigation and ways of primary tillage on yield and quality of fruits of sweet pepper in the conditions of the Republic of Dagestan

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
D. S. Magomedova ◽  
S. A. Kurbanov ◽  
D. M. Ramazanov
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Resistance Coefficient ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
The Republic

Relevance. In the conditions of the dry-steppe zone of lowland Dagestan, the beneficial effect of drip irrigation in combination with dump cultivation on the yield and quality of sweet pepper fruits from Moldova proved. Results. It experimentally established that maintaining moisture in the active 0.5 m soil layer during the growing season within 80- 100% of LMC against the background of dump processing to a depth of 0.23-0.25 m led to an increase in yield and biochemical composition of sweet pepper fruits. Differences in the influence of dump and small (0.10-0.12 m) tillage on agrophysical and phytosanitary indicators of fertility of meadow medium loamy soil were revealed. The data showing the inappropriateness of using small-scale cultivation under conditions of irrigated vegetable growing, which leads to a deterioration in the agrophysical indicators of fertility: increase in soil density by 0.05-0.08 t/m3, decrease in the number of water-resistant units by 7,0%, water permeability reduction by 22.0% and water resistance coefficient by 12.9%, 2.1 times increase in planting weed and 212.6% potential soil weed. Of the three studied thresholds of soil moisture (70, 80 and 90% LMC), it was established that the best conditions for plant growth and development, optimization of their photosynthetic activity are created at a humidity threshold of 80% LMC, at which the most efficient use of irrigation water is noted. Drip irrigation with maintaining the pre-irrigation threshold for soil moisture not lower than 80% of against the background of dump processing leads to an increase in the number of fruits on 1 plant, an increase in the mass of 1 fruit, which contributed to an increase in yield to 62 t/ha.

scholarly journals The Effect of Prolonged Irrigation on the Dry Steppe Soils’ Fertility in the Volga Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.38) ◽  
pp. 1210
Author(s):  
Nina Anatolyevna Pronko ◽  
Viktor Vladislavovich Korsak ◽  
Lubov Gennadievna Romanova ◽  
Aleksey Vladimirovich Kravchuk ◽  
Vladimir Viktorovich Afonin
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chestnut Soil ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
Dry Steppe ◽  
Irrigated Soils

The article deals with the negative effect of the prolonged irrigation on the contents and quality of humus, and plant nutrients’ stock in the soil. The research was aimed at studying the nature and regularities of the transformation of organic matter (humus) and nutrients in the dark chestnut soil of dry steppe zone in the Volga region in the process of irrigation over half a century long. Field and laboratory experiments, as well as theoretical methods, such as mathematical statistics were used for studying the soil agrochemical properties. The research has shown that humus mineralization in irrigated soils is more pronounced, compared to nonirrigated soils, dehumification increases with increasing the period of irrigation and intensification of agriculture; the content and stock of humus decreases with irrigation, and is accompanied by the negative changes in its qualitative composition. The article describes the reasons for dehumification and negative changes in the qualitative composition of humus in the dark chestnut soils: deficient nitrogen balance due to insufficient use of nitrogen fertilizers, which resulted in the destruction of the organic matter in the soil, increased share of tilled crops in the crop structure, absence of nitrogen-fixing ability in alfalfa due to significant soil compaction, and insufficient introduction of organic fertilizers. The found peculiarities of dehumification and reduction of nutrients availability in the soil, which are the most dangerous degradation processes in the soils of the region that reduce the efficiency of irrigated agriculture, are required for developing substantiated solutions for preventing dehumification, restoring the fertility of irrigated soils, and reducing deficiency of foodstuffs in arid regions.  

Intensive technology of cultivation of sweet pepper under drop irrigation in the conditions of Dagestan

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Diana Magomedova ◽  
Serazhutdin Kurbanov ◽  
Dolgat Ramazanov
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Dry Steppe ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
The Republic

In the dry steppe zone of the Tersko-Sulak sub-province of the Republic of Dagestan, a positive effect of drip irrigation against the background of heap tillage on the yield and quality of sweet pepper fruits was established. The effectiveness of maintaining the pre-irrigation threshold for soil moisture not less than 80 % of HB in the root-inhabited layer in combination with dump tillage to a depth of 0.23…0.25 m proved. This combination provides fruit yield at the level of 60…62 t/ha with an increase in sugar content and content Vitamin C compared to fine processing. The data obtained indicate the inappropriateness of the use of fine processing sweet pepper at 0.10…0.12 m under irrigated conditions, which leads to a deterioration in agrophysical and phytosanitary indicators of fertility. In particular, the soil density increases by 0.05…0.08 t/m3, the number of water-resistant aggregates decreases by 7 %, water permeability decreases by 22 % and the coefficient of water resistance increases by more than 2 times weed plantings and potential soil weed. Determined that out of the three studied constant pre-irrigation thresholds of humidity of the root layer (70, 80 and 90 % LMC), the best conditions for plant growth and development are formed at 80 % LMC: photosynthetic potential increases by 12 %, photosynthesis net productivity by 20.9 %, the efficiency of photosynthetically active radiation to 1.02 %, a decrease in the utilization rate of irrigation water by 28.3 % (70.3 m3/t). In order to maintaining a pre-irrigation moisture threshold of at least 80 % LMC, irrigations with a norm of 216 m3/ha carried out, after-planting irrigation of seedlings with an irrigation norm of 65 m3/ha with an average irrigation rate of 4384 m3/ha The combination of pre-irrigation threshold in a layer of 0.5 m 80 % LMC and dump processing provides a return on production costs of 173.1 % with a payback period of 1 year.

Hydrothermic regime management of the irrigated field while growing early potatoes in the arid zone

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Buber ◽  
Dobrachev Yuri
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Hydrothermal Regime ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Dry Steppe

<p>The problem of obtaining consistently high yields of early potatoes while minimizing the cost per unit of production is very serious. Improving the technology of growing potatoes in the dry steppe zone with the integrated irrigation and fermentation systems is aimed not only at meeting the needs of the population in these products in the region, but also at reducing the demand for the purchase of potatoes abroad.</p><p>The dynamics of the main factors of plant life associated with the state of the environment, and the needs of plants at different stages of development may differ significantly from each other, which leads to a decrease in the intensity of the production process and yield. Regulation of the hydrothermal regime of crop during the critical periods of plant vegetation can be a useful agrotechnical method in managing the water regime and productivity of potatoes in the conditions of the dry steppe zone.</p><p>The use of digital technology for regulating the water-thermal regime of irrigated crops with using simulation models is caused not only by the specifics of the problem being solved, but also by the requirements for updating irrigation and drainage systems based on the modern technical advances and fundamental knowledge in order to implement highly efficient and environmentally friendly farming on reclaimed land.</p><p>Results of multifactor experiments on potatoes cultivation under drip irrigation and finely divided sprinkling in the conditions of the Volgograd region did not allow us to identify optimal technological parameters with apply of statistical methods. In addition to the small number of field experiments over a number of years, the high variation of weather conditions was the dominant factor, that is leading the shifts in vegetative growth period duration and the most significant stages of potato growing.</p><p>The prospect to solve this problem is recognized in application of a dynamic model for the potato crop growing that considers the ability to control soil moisture in the root zone and temperature regime of the vegetation cover and simulate them depending on the emerging weather conditions and the actual state of the plants. Using the J. Richie algorithm to determine evaporation and transpiration, it is easy to reconcile the design scheme with soil moisture distribution under drip irrigation, and also consider the agrocenosis water balance with periodic fine dispersion water sprinkling when the set air temperature is exceeded in the hottest hours of the day. Preliminary numerical experiments, based on the retrospective data of earlier field experiments, indicate sufficient flexibility of the model in terms of the formed water-temperature regime simulation and its influence on potato growth processes.</p><p>In 2019, the technology of growing early potatoes was tested using a dynamic model in the Ryazan region for the temperate climate of the forest-steppe area. The model showed adequate results of its application to control the hydrothermal regime in irrigation by sprinkling.</p><p>The research is carried out under the Grant of the RFBR 19-416-343004 р_мол_а with the support of the Committee for Economic Policy and Development of the Volgograd Region.</p>

Weed Infestation, Soil Moisture, Temperature under Mulching Cultivation with Different Films and the Effects on Yield and Quality of Potato

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 571
Author(s):  
Shu-Min ZHANG ◽  
Tang-Yuan NING ◽  
Zhen LIU ◽  
Bin WANG ◽  
Tao SUN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Weed Infestation

Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Yield and Quality of Garlic cv. Yamuna Safed-3

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
A B Priyanshu ◽  
M K Singh ◽  
Mukesh Kumar ◽  
Vipin Kumar ◽  
Sunil Malik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Horticultural Research

An experiment was conducted at Horticultural Research Centre, SVP University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut (UP) during Rabi season of 2018-19 to assess the impact of different INM doses on yield and quality parameters of garlic. A total of ten treatments consisting of combinations of inorganic fertilizers, organic fertilizers and bio-fertilizers like T1- (Control), T2RDF (100:50:50 kg NPK ha-1), T3-RDF + 20 kg sulphur + FYM 20 ton ha-1, T4- RDF + 20 kg sulphur + VC 4 ton ha-1, T5- 75% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + 5 ton FYM ha-1+ PSB 5 kg ha-1, T6-75% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + 2 ton VC + Azotobacter 5 kg ha-1, T7- 75% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + FYM 3 ton + VC 1 ton+ PSB 5 kg + Azotobacter 5kg ha-1, T8- 50% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + FYM 5 ton + VC2 ton + PSB 5 kg ha-1, T9- 50% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + FYM5 ton + VC 2 ton+ Azotobacter 5 kg ha-1and T10- 50% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + FYM 5 ton + VC2 ton + PSB 5 kg + Azotobacter 5 kg ha-1 were used in Randomized Block Design and replicated thrice. Out of these an application of T7 (75% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + FYM3 ton + VC 1 ton ha-1 + PSB 5 kg + Azotobacter 5 kg ha-1) was found to be significantly superior in term of yield and attributing parameters of garlic.

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