scholarly journals Comparison of Echinococcus multilocularis and Echinococcus granulosus hydatid fluid proteome provides molecular strategies for specialized host-parasite interactions

Oncotarget ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (57) ◽  
pp. 97009-97024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Seob Ahn ◽  
Jeong-Geun Kim ◽  
Xiumin Han ◽  
Insug Kang ◽  
Yoon Kong
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Echinococcus Multilocularis ◽  
Hydatid Fluid ◽  
Host Parasite Interactions ◽  
Host Parasite

scholarly journals Identification of Different Extracellular Vesicles in the Hydatid Fluid of Echinococcus granulosus and Immunomodulatory Effects of 110 K EVs on Sheep PBMCs

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Yang ◽  
Jin'en Wu ◽  
Yong Fu ◽  
Lujun Yan ◽  
Yating Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Hydatid Fluid ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Host Parasite

Echinococcosis, mainly caused by Echinococcus granulosus, is one of the 17 neglected tropical diseases. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an essential role in the host–parasite interplay. However, the EVs in the hydatid fluid (HF) of E. granulosus are not fully characterized. Herein, three different types of HF EVs, designated as 2 K, 10 K, and 110 K EVs based on the centrifugal force used, were morphologically identified. A total of 97, 80, and 581 proteins were identified in 2 K, 10 K, and 110 K EVs, respectively, 39 of which were commonly shared. Moreover, 11, 8, and 25 miRNAs were detected, respectively, and all of the 7 selected miRNAs were validated by qPCR to be significantly lower abundant than that in protoscoleces. It was further deemed that 110 K EVs were internalized by sheep peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in a time-dependent manner and thus induced interleukin (IL)-10, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and IRF5 were significantly upregulated and IL-1β, IL-17, and CD14 were significantly downregulated (p < 0.05). These data demonstrate the physical discrepancy of three HF EVs and an immunomodulatory effect of 110 K EVs on sheep PMBCs, suggesting a role in immune responses during E. granulosus infection.

Survival, strobilation and sexual maturation of Echinococcus multilocularis in the small intestine of golden hamsters

Parasitology ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kamiya ◽  
H. Sato
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Sexual Maturation ◽  
Echinococcus Multilocularis ◽  
Golden Hamsters ◽  
Egg Formation ◽  
Host Parasite Interactions ◽  
Worm Recovery ◽  
Host Stage ◽  
Male Golden Hamsters ◽  
Host Parasite

SummaryEchinococcus multilocularis survived, strobilated and matured sexually in the small intestine of 6-week-old male golden hamsters that were either non-treated or treated with prednisolone tertiary-butylacetate (PTBA), following oral administration of 20000 protoscoleces. Non-treated hamsters harboured the adult worms for up to 25 days post-infection (p.i.). Hamsters treated with PTBA from the day of infection (day 0 p.i.) harboured more adults than the non-treated, and their survival periods were extended. Moreover, a remarkable improvement in worm recovery, development and survival periods was observed in hamsters additionally treated with PTBA on days — 14 and — 12 p.i., and the worm development including proglottisation, sexual maturation and egg formation was comparable with that in dogs. With the present results it is suggested that Echinococcus/rodent systems represented by the E. multilocularis/golden hamsters may rejuvenate the current stagnant research on host-parasite interactions of the definitive host-stage and egg-stage of Echinococcus.

scholarly journals Treatment of Hydatid Liver Disease: What does the evidence say

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
Tariq A Gojwari ◽  
Tahleel A Shera ◽  
Naseer A Choh ◽  
Feroze A Shaheen ◽  
Manjeet Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
World Health ◽  
Host Parasite Interactions ◽  
Parasite Biology ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus Sensu Lato

Cystic echinococcosis is a disease of animals and humans caused by the larval stage of of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato and has a substantial public health impact globally. The condition is considered a neglected tropical disease (NTD) and neglected zoonotic disease (NZD), and prioritized by the World Health Organization (WHO) 1.Within the last 10 years, advancements have taken place in Echinococcus biology and genetics, including the delineation of new species within E.granulosus sensu lato (s.l.)2,3 and full sequencing of E. granulosus sensustricto. 2  Consequently, researchers are now provided with new tools to better understand parasite biology and host-parasite interactions, with the goal of opening new avenues for therapy 2. Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto (s. s.) (G1-3) is responsible for the great majority of human CE worldwide (88.48%), has the most cosmopolitan distribution and is often associated with transmission  via sheep as intermediate hosts.JMS 2016; 19(1):5-11

Host parasite interactions and pathophysiology in Giardia infections

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 925-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Cotton ◽  
Jennifer K. Beatty ◽  
Andre G. Buret
Keyword(s):  
Host Parasite Interactions ◽  
Host Parasite

scholarly journals Spatial expression pattern of serine proteases in the blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni determined by fluorescence RNA in situ hybridization

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenka Ulrychová ◽  
Pavel Ostašov ◽  
Marta Chanová ◽  
Michael Mareš ◽  
Martin Horn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Serine Proteases ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Host Parasite Interactions ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Host Parasite

Abstract Background The blood flukes of genus Schistosoma are the causative agent of schistosomiasis, a parasitic disease that infects more than 200 million people worldwide. Proteases of schistosomes are involved in critical steps of host–parasite interactions and are promising therapeutic targets. We recently identified and characterized a group of S1 family Schistosoma mansoni serine proteases, including SmSP1 to SmSP5. Expression levels of some SmSPs in S. mansoni are low, and by standard genome sequencing technologies they are marginally detectable at the method threshold levels. Here, we report their spatial gene expression patterns in adult S. mansoni by the high-sensitivity localization assay. Methodology Highly sensitive fluorescence in situ RNA hybridization (FISH) was modified and used for the localization of mRNAs encoding individual SmSP proteases (including low-expressed SmSPs) in tissues of adult worms. High sensitivity was obtained due to specifically prepared tissue and probes in combination with the employment of a signal amplification approach. The assay method was validated by detecting the expression patterns of a set of relevant reference genes including SmCB1, SmPOP, SmTSP-2, and Sm29 with localization formerly determined by other techniques. Results FISH analysis revealed interesting expression patterns of SmSPs distributed in multiple tissues of S. mansoni adults. The expression patterns of individual SmSPs were distinct but in part overlapping and were consistent with existing transcriptome sequencing data. The exception were genes with significantly low expression, which were also localized in tissues where they had not previously been detected by RNA sequencing methods. In general, SmSPs were found in various tissues including reproductive organs, parenchymal cells, esophagus, and the tegumental surface. Conclusions The FISH-based assay provided spatial information about the expression of five SmSPs in adult S. mansoni females and males. This highly sensitive method allowed visualization of low-abundantly expressed genes that are below the detection limits of standard in situ hybridization or by RNA sequencing. Thus, this technical approach turned out to be suitable for sensitive localization studies and may also be applicable for other trematodes. The results suggest that SmSPs may play roles in diverse processes of the parasite. Certain SmSPs expressed at the surface may be involved in host–parasite interactions. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals Urogenital Schistosomiasis—History, Pathogenesis, and Bladder Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Lúcio Lara Santos ◽  
Júlio Santos ◽  
Maria João Gouveia ◽  
Carina Bernardo ◽  
Carlos Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Haematobium ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Parasite Infection ◽  
Urogenital Schistosomiasis ◽  
Host Parasite Interactions ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Recent Outbreak ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Female Genital

Schistosomiasis is the most important helminthiasis worldwide in terms of morbidity and mortality. Most of the infections occurs in Africa, which about two thirds are caused by Schistosoma haematobium. The infection with S. haematobium is considered carcinogenic leading to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Additionally, it is responsible for female genital schistosomiasis leading to infertility and higher risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission. Remarkably, a recent outbreak in Corsica (France) drew attention to its potential re-mergence in Southern Europe. Thus far, little is known related to host-parasite interactions that trigger carcinogenesis. However, recent studies have opened new avenues to understand mechanisms on how the parasite infection can lead cancer and other associated pathologies. Here, we present a historical perspective of schistosomiasis, and review the infection-associated pathologies and studies on host–parasite interactions that unveil tentative mechanisms underlying schistosomiasis-associated carcinogenesis.

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