scholarly journals Cysts mark the early stage of metastatic tumor development in non-small cell lung cancer

Oncotarget ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 6518-6535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chitra Thakur ◽  
Ulf R. Rapp ◽  
Thomas Rudel
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Metastatic Tumor ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung

STEREOTACTIC BODY RADIATION THERAPY FOR EARLY-STAGE NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 638-644
Author(s):  
Andrey Arsenev ◽  
Sergey Novikov ◽  
Sergey Kanaev ◽  
Anton Barchuk ◽  
Andrey Nefedov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Stereotactic Radiation ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Surgical Methods

An active introduction of screening programs potentially leads to a significant increase in the proportion of patients with early forms of non-small cell lung cancer. Surgical treatment, which is the standard of care for localized forms, due to functional limitations can be performed only in 65-70% of patients. The solution to this problem can be found in the improvement of the results of radiotherapy by using modern equipment, the planning systems, improved fractionation schemes and introduction of methods for summing radiation doses. Stereotactic radiotherapy allows high-precision delivery of high radiation dose to tumor with a minimal damage to surrounding healthy tissues. In this literature review based on the analysis of a large number of publications we show that it is not yet possible to make valid conclusions about the effectiveness and safety of stereotactic radiation therapy as an alternative to the surgical methods. It is necessary to plan and conduct randomized trials without further delay taking into account the expected high relevance of the method.

scholarly journals Metabolic Changes in Early-Stage Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients after Surgical Resection

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3012
Author(s):  
Naseer Ahmed ◽  
Biniam Kidane ◽  
Le Wang ◽  
Zoann Nugent ◽  
Nataliya Moldovan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Post Surgery

Metabolic alterations in malignant cells play a vital role in tumor initiation, proliferation, and metastasis. Biofluids from patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harbor metabolic biomarkers with potential clinical applications. In this study, we assessed the changes in the metabolic profile of patients with early-stage NSCLC using mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy before and after surgical resection. A single cohort of 35 patients provided a total of 29 and 32 pairs of urine and serum samples, respectively, pre-and post-surgery. We identified a profile of 48 metabolites that were significantly different pre- and post-surgery: 17 in urine and 31 in serum. A higher proportion of metabolites were upregulated than downregulated post-surgery (p < 0.01); however, the median fold change (FC) was higher for downregulated than upregulated metabolites (p < 0.05). Purines/pyrimidines and proteins had a larger dysregulation than other classes of metabolites (p < 0.05 for each class). Several of the dysregulated metabolites have been previously associated with cancer, including leucyl proline, asymmetric dimethylarginine, isopentenyladenine, fumaric acid (all downregulated post-surgery), as well as N6-methyladenosine and several deoxycholic acid moieties, which were upregulated post-surgery. This study establishes metabolomic analysis of biofluids as a path to non-invasive diagnostics, screening, and monitoring in NSCLC.

scholarly journals Surgery in Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 390
Author(s):  
Nicola Martucci ◽  
Alessandro Morabito ◽  
Antonello La Rocca ◽  
Giuseppe De Luca ◽  
Rossella De Cecio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Early Stage Disease ◽  
Stage Disease

Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is one of the most aggressive tumors, with a rapid growth and early metastases. Approximately 5% of SCLC patients present with early-stage disease (T1,2 N0M0): these patients have a better prognosis, with a 5-year survival up to 50%. Two randomized phase III studies conducted in the 1960s and the 1980s reported negative results with surgery in SCLC patients with early-stage disease and, thereafter, surgery has been largely discouraged. Instead, several subsequent prospective studies have demonstrated the feasibility of a multimodality approach including surgery before or after chemotherapy and followed in most studies by thoracic radiotherapy, with a 5-year survival probability of 36–63% for patients with completely resected stage I SCLC. These results were substantially confirmed by retrospective studies and by large, population-based studies, conducted in the last 40 years, showing the benefit of surgery, particularly lobectomy, in selected patients with early-stage SCLC. On these bases, the International Guidelines recommend a surgical approach in selected stage I SCLC patients, after adequate staging: in these cases, lobectomy with mediastinal lymphadenectomy is considered the standard approach. In all cases, surgery can be offered only as part of a multimodal treatment, which includes chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy and after a proper multidisciplinary evaluation.

scholarly journals Circulating serum exosomal miR-20b-5p and miR-3187-5p as efficient diagnostic biomarkers for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 245 (16) ◽  
pp. 1428-1436
Author(s):  
Zhi-Jun Zhang ◽  
Xing-Guo Song ◽  
Li Xie ◽  
Kang-Yu Wang ◽  
You-Yong Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Early Stage Nsclc ◽  
Nsclc Patients

Circulating exosomal microRNAs (ExmiRNAs) provide an ideal non-invasive method for cancer diagnosis. In this study, we evaluated two circulating ExmiRNAs in NSCLC patients as a diagnostic tool for early-stage non-small lung cancer (NSCLC). The exosomes were characterized by qNano, transmission electron microscopy, and Western blot, and the ExmiRNA expression was measured by microarrays. The differentially expressed miRNAs were verified by RT-qPCR using peripheral blood specimens from NSCLC patients ( n = 276, 0 and I stage: n = 104) and healthy donors ( n = 282). The diagnostic values were measured by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The results show that the expression of both ExmiR-20b-5p and ExmiR-3187-5p was drastically reduced in NSCLC patients. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was determined to be 0.818 and 0.690 for ExmiR-20b-5p and ExmiR-3187-5p, respectively. When these two ExmiRNAs were combined, the AUC increased to 0.848. When the ExmiRNAs were administered with either carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) or cytokeratin-19-fragment (CYFRA21-1), the AUC was further improved to 0.905 and 0.894, respectively. Additionally, both ExmiR-20b-5p and ExmiR-3187-5p could be used to distinguish early stages NSCLC (0 and I stage) from the healthy controls. The ROC curves showed that the AUCs were 0.810 and 0.673, respectively. Combination of ExmiR-20b-5p and ExmiR-3187-5p enhanced the AUC to 0.838. When CEA and CYFRA21-1 were administered with the ExmiRNAs, the AUCs were improved to 0.930 and 0.928, respectively. In summary, circulating serum exosomal miR-20b-5p and miR-3187-5p could be used as effective, non-invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of early-stage NSCLC, and the effects were further improved when the ExmiRNAs were combined. Impact statement The high mortality of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is mainly because the cancer has progressed to a more advanced stage before diagnosis. If NSCLC can be diagnosed at early stages, especially stage 0 or I, the overall survival rate will be largely improved by definitive treatment such as lobectomy. We herein validated two novel circulating serum ExmiRs as diagnostic biomarkers for early-stage NSCLC to fulfill the unmet medical need. Considering the number of specimens in this study, circulating serum exosomal miR-20b-5p and miR-3187-5p are putative NSCLC biomarkers, which need to be further investigated in a larger randomized controlled clinical trial.

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