scholarly journals O mobiliário das escolas cristãs no século XVII: um elemento humanizador

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Clóvis Trezzi

A escola como um ambiente especializado para o ensino-aprendizagem se desenvolveu a partir do século XVII e, nesse ambiente, foi introduzido um mobiliário escolar desenvolvido de acordo com o método pedagógico utilizado. Este artigo parte dessa premissa para investigar, a partir da função social, o mobiliário escolar das Escolas Cristãs, rede de escolas criada por João Batista de La Salle (1651-1719) na França a partir de 1689. O objetivo é mostrar que a escolha desse mobiliário tinha, mais do que uma função prática, uma função social. Para tanto, o artigo faz uma leitura hermenêutica do Guia das Escolas Cristãs, obra pedagógica de La Salle, para concluir que o padrão científico dos móveis desenhados para a sala de aula seguia o mesmo princípio pedagógico das Escolas Cristãs e tinha a mesma função: dar dignidade para as crianças pobres.Palavras-chave: Mobiliário escolar. Escolas cristãs. La Salle.The Christian Schools Furniture in the 17th Century: a Humanizing ElementABSTRACTThe School as a specialized environment for teaching and learning was developed from the 17th century on. In that environment, school furniture was developed according to the pedagogical method. This article starts from this premise to investigate, from the social function, the school furniture of the Christian Schools, a network of schools created by John Baptist de La Salle (1651-1719) in France as from 1689. The objective is to show that the choice of this furniture had, more than a practical function, a social function. Therefore, the article makes a hermeneutic reading of the “The Conduct of the Christian Schools”, La Salle's pedagogical work, to conclude that the scientific standard of the furniture designed for the classroom followed the same pedagogical principle of the Christian Schools and had the same function: to provide dignity for poor children.Keywords: School furniture. Christian schools. La Salle.El Mobiliario Escolar de las Escuelas Cristianas del Siglo XVII: un Elemento HumanizadorRESUMENLa escuela como un lugar especializado para la enseñanza y el aprendizaje se desarrolló a partir del siglo XVII y, en ese lugar, el mobiliario escolar se desarrolló de acuerdo con el método pedagógico utilizado. Este artículo parte de esta premisa para investigar, a partir de la función social de la escuela, el mobiliario escolar de las Escuelas Cristianas, una red de escuelas creada por Juan Bautista de La Salle (1651-1719) en Francia desde 1689. El objetivo es mostrar que la elección de este mobiliario tenía, más que una función práctica, una función social. Por lo tanto, el artículo hace una lectura hermenéutica de la “Guía de las Escuelas Cristianas”, el trabajo pedagógico de La Salle, para concluir que el estándar científico de los muebles diseñados para el aula siguió el mismo principio pedagógico de las Escuelas Cristianas y tuvo la misma función: dar dignidad a los niños pobres.Palabras clave: Mobiliario escolar. Escuelas cristianas. La Salle.

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Hasbullah Hasbullah

Abstract. Educational environment is needed in the education process, because the educational environment serves to support the process of teaching and learning, a comfortable environment and support for the implementation of an education is needed. The environment is distinguished into the biological environment, the non-living natural environment, the artificial environment and the social environment. Education is one of the first obligations for parents. In Islam, the person most responsible for the education of the child is the parent. The family is the "smallest people" who have leaders and members, has a division of work and work, and the rights and obligations of each member. The best exemplary education for children is if both parents are able to connect their child with the example of Rasûlullâh SAW, as uswah of all mankind. A positive school environment is a school environment that provides facilities and motivation for religious education. Keywords. Environment, Education   Abstrak. Lingkungan pendidikan sangat dibutuhkan dalam proses pendidikan, sebab lingkungan pendidikan berfungsi menunjang terjadinya proses belajar mengajar, lingkungan yang nyaman dan mendukung bagi terselenggaranya suatu pendidikan sangat dibutuhkan. Lingkungan dibedakan menjadi lingkungan alam hayati, lingkungan alam non-hayati, lingkungan buatan dan lingkungan sosial. Pendidikan merupakan salah satu kewajiban pertama bagi orang tua. Dalam Islam, orang yang paling bertanggung jawab dalam pendidikan anak adalah orang tua. Keluarga adalah “umat terkecil” yang memiliki pimpinan dan anggota, mempunyai pembagian tugas dan kerja, serta hak dan kewajiban bagi masing-masing anggotanya. Pendidikan keteladanan terbaik bagi anak, ialah jika kedua orang tua mampu menghubungkan anaknya dengan keteladanan Rasûlullâh SAW, sebagai uswah seluruh umat manusia. Lingkungan sekolah yang positif yaitu lingkungan sekolah yang memberikan fasilitas dan motivasi untuk berlangsungnya pendidikan agama. Kata Kunci. Lingkungan, Pendidikan Daftar Pustaka Ahmadi, Abu dan Nur Uhbiyati. 2001. Ilmu Pendidikan. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta. Badudu, Js. 1996. Kamus Umum Bahas Indonesia. Jakarta: Pustaka Sinar Harapan. Juhji. 2015. “Telaah Komparasi Konsep Pembelajaran Menurut Imam Al-Zarnuji dan Imam Al-Ghozali”. Tarbawi. 1(02): 17-26 Juli - Desember 2015. Terdapat dalam http://jurnal.uinbanten.ac.id/index.php/tarbawi/article/view/257/254 Nata, Abudin. 2010. Sejarah Pendidikan Islam. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada. Nizar, Samsul dan Zainal Efendi Hasibuan. 2011. Hadist Tarbawi. Jakarta: Kalam Mulia. Purwanto, Ngalim. 1996. Psikologi Pendidikan. Bandung: Remaja Rosda Karya. Ramayulis. 2008. Ilmu Pendidikan Islam. Jakarta: Kalam Mulia. Soejono, Ag. tt. Pendahuluan Pendidikan Umum. Bandung: CV. Ilmu. Suwarno. 1982. Pengantar Umum Pendidikan. Jakarta: Aksara Baru. Tafsir, Ahmad. 2000. Ilmu Pendidikan dalam Perspektif Islam. Bandung: Remaja Rosda Karya. Tafsir, Ahmad. 2003. Metodologi Pengajaran Agama Islam. Bandung: Rosdakarya. Uhbiyati, Nur. 1997. Ilmu Pendidikan Islam. Bandung: Pustaka Setia.


Author(s):  
Alistair M. C. Isaac ◽  
Will Bridewell

It is easy to see that social robots will need the ability to detect and evaluate deceptive speech; otherwise they will be vulnerable to manipulation by malevolent humans. More surprisingly, we argue that effective social robots must also be able to produce deceptive speech. Many forms of technically deceptive speech perform a positive pro-social function, and the social integration of artificial agents will be possible only if they participate in this market of constructive deceit. We demonstrate that a crucial condition for detecting and producing deceptive speech is possession of a theory of mind. Furthermore, strategic reasoning about deception requires identifying a type of goal distinguished by its priority over the norms of conversation, which we call an ulterior motive. We argue that this goal is the appropriate target for ethical evaluation, not the veridicality of speech per se. Consequently, deception-capable robots are compatible with the most prominent programs to ensure that robots behave ethically.


1941 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Park
Keyword(s):  

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arlene J. Astell ◽  
Maggie P. Ellis

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document