Food waste generation in a university and the handling efficiency of a university catering facility-scale automatic collection system

Purpose This study aims to evaluate the generation of food waste in a university and the handling efficiency of an automatic waste collection system. Design/methodology/approach The quantity of food waste generated and collected from a university canteen was surveyed. The food waste handling efficiencies using manual collection strategy and automated food waste collection system were determined by the density of food waste. Life-cycle costing analysis was done to evaluate the economic impacts of various food waste collection methods. Findings As compared with the manual collection approach, the automatic system can improve the food waste handling efficiency by 30% (from 0.01 to 0.007 bin kg−1) and reduce the water use by 20% (from 0.512 to 0.406 L kg−1); however, it also consumes 4.4 times more energy (from 0.005 to 0.027 kWh kg−1). Under ideal system operation, the 10-year cost of food waste collection was significantly reduced from $3.45 kg−1 in the manual collection to $1.79 kg−1, and the payback period of the system collection was 1.9 years without discount. Practical implications The outcomes of this study show that an automatic food waste collection system is feasible, and it is recommended for small- and medium-sized catering facilities (e.g. canteens and food courts) to improve food waste handling efficiency. This study also provides useful reference data of automatic food waste collection systems for planning food waste management programs for catering facilities. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the waste handling efficiency, operational expenditure and life-cycle cost of a small-scale automatic food waste collection system.

Effect of a health-risk reduction training program on the knowledge and safe waste-handling practices among Waste-pickers in dumpsites in Ogun State, Nigeria

Objective: This study assessed the effect of a health-risk reduction training program on waste-pickers waste-handling practices in dumpsites in Ogun State, Nigeria. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted among 60 waste-pickers recruited by multistage sampling technique divided into intervention and control group. There was a baseline assessment of waste-handling practices in both intervention and control groups using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Thereafter, health-risk reduction training was given using lectures, and demonstrations. Three months after the intervention, another assessment of the same waste-pickers was conducted with the same instrument. Waste-handling practices and knowledge responses were measured on a 54-point rating scale and 17-point rating scale respectively. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23 to generate descriptive and inferential. Results: At baseline, the waste-pickers in the control group had a mean waste-handling score of 17.80±6.89 while the experimental group had a mean of (17.97±5.47). After the training program, there was a statistically significant increase in the mean waste-handling score of the experimental group (47.30±3.28; p= 0.000) while there was no increase in the mean waste-handling score of the control group (17.80±6.89). This significant increase in the mean waste-handling score of the experimental group (53.83±0.38; p=0.000) was also observed at 3 month follow-up period. Conclusion/Recommendation: The health-risk reduction training was effective in improving the waste-handling practices of waste-pickers. It is recommended that waste-pickers should be trained on proper waste-handling by the government.

Pendampingan pembuatan Sistem Biopori dalam menanggulangi masalah limbah rumah tangga Desa Tebaban

Making Biopore holes is not difficult and does not require special skills but the results and benefits are much greater. Biopore functions as a water catchment and processing household waste. This method is quite effective in a densely populated environment and limited land. The purpose of this service is to provide knowledge and its application on how to process organic household waste through the Biopore system. The problems faced in Tebaban Barat village are sorting, separating, handling, and managing household waste. Handling household waste is only carried out by transporting waste from the house to the house, then throwing it into the landfills. So that the existing household waste is only wrapped in plastic and waiting for the schedule to pick up the landfills every week, this situation causes a bad smell. Implementing this activity includes field surveys, communication, collaboration, socialization, and mentoring. The survey results obtained are communicated with the village and residents. Then an agreement was made regarding the manufacture of Biopore holes. Furthermore, socialization about waste and conducting assistance activities for making Biopore holes was carried out. The results of the community assistance activities in making Biopore holes, 90% of the residents who attended were able to practice directly making Biopore holes either manually or using a drill and how to fill holes and harvest Biopore results. After the mentoring, the results of the visit carried out by the Team, 70% of the residents have implemented it in their respective homes even though it is still made manually. The activity invites interest from some people because it is seen from the usefulness of this activity. The Biopore is very suitable to be applied in that environment.

DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHING MATERIALS FOR HANDLING HAZARDOUS AND NON HAZARDOUS WASTE BASED ON SETS

The purpose of this study is to obtain the feasibility of teaching materials that handle hazardous and non-hazardous waste based on Science, Environment, Technology, and Society (SETS). The research design used refers to the 4-D development model (four-D Models) recommended by Thiagarajan which consists of four stages, namely define, design, develop, and disseminate, which is limited to the development stage. The samples in this study were 34 students of class X 2 SMK Negeri 5 Surabaya. The results showed that the validity of teaching materials obtained a percentage of 83,27% with a very valid category, observation of students 97.62% was very practical, the test of student learning outcomes increased with the acquisition of N-Gain of 0.7 in the category high, as many as 100% of students achieve mastery learning and the questionnaire responses of students as much as 90.59% are very practical. This shows that SETS-based teaching materials on hazardous and non-hazardous waste handling materials for vocational high school students are proper to be used in the learning process.

Photodegradation of Dyes From Cual Batik Waste Using TiO2 Photocatalyst From Ilmenite Bangka

Cual batik is one of the local products of the Bangka Belitung Islands. The expansion of cual batik in Bangka Belitung continues to increase, resulting in an increase in the production of cual batik cloth. Cual batik contains remasol dyes which are carcinogenic so that waste handling is appropriate and safe for the surrounding environment. One of them is using the TiO2 photocatalytic method from ilmenite Bangka. The results of XRF characterization showed that the TiO2 content after magnetic separator and HCl washing reached 69,975% and 77,260%. The results of XRD characterization showed that the optimal temperature of calcination was at 700ºC with the peak diffraction intensity of anatase TiO2 crystals at 2θ 48.9º, 53.53º and 53.92º. In FTIR characterization, there is a functional group spectrum of titanium dioxide (TiO2) at the absorption wave number 795 cm-1 showing Ti-O-Ti stretching vibrations, at wavenumber 2326 cm-1 showing Ti-O stretching vibrations. The results of photodegradation of cual batik waste showed a decrease in the dye content of remazol briliant blue when exposed to UV lamps and sunlight at contact times of 30, 60, and 90 minutes 85.21%, 82,75%, and 86,72% (UV light); 70,75%, 78,92%, and 93.51% (sunlight).

Onshore Yard Readiness for Upcoming Oil and Gas Offshore Structure Decommissioning Projects in Indonesia

More than a thousand fixed oil and gas offshore structures were installed in the Southeast Asia region. Indonesia currently has more than 600 offshore oil and gas platforms, nearly half of which need to be decommissioned within the next few years. While the regulators and operators are developing procedures and regulations for the decommissioning process of the offshore platforms, there is also a need to ensure that onshore facilities are available to receive the decommissioned structures and equipment and subsequently process them safely. At the moment, there is no yard in Indonesia that is well-placed to undertake onshore decommissioning activities. The aim of this study is to develop recommendations for yard owners to assure their yards are ready for the upcoming decommissioning projects. Research data was collected directly from field survey in an offshore fabrication yard, owned by PT. Meitech Eka Bintan, Indonesia. In the current study, research data was analyzed by comparing with decommissioning yard facilities in ABLE Seaton Port, United Kingdom which was used as offshore structure decommissioning yard since 1985. Recommendations include the work required to assure the yard comply with respective guidelines and industry best practices. The research begun with identifying the yard's potential to receive onshore decommissioning work based on current primary facilities which are quay and fabrication area properties. After that, a yard modernization assessment was carried out as to identify the best location for the upgrade on the missing required facilities. The results indicate that the primary facilities of the yard are comparable to ABLE Seaton Port with both having similar depth at quayside, capable of mooring barges and Heavy Lift Vessel (HLV), both having liquid containment system at the fabrication area and the large fabrication area at PT. Meitech Eka Bintan yard is sufficient similar to the area utilized by ABLE Seaton Port for Brent Delta topside decommissioning works. However, since the yard's main business is currently on offshore structure fabrication, hence there is a lack of waste handling facilities such as waste handling workshop and covered waste storage area to fulfill the respective guidelines and regulations. A case study was carried out to identify the onshore decommissioning working area and the location of the waste handling facilities on the yard. This study is expected to assist towards improving the readiness of yards to carry out onshore decommissioning not only in Indonesia but also in Southeast Asia region.