scholarly journals Profiling of Chromosomal Complement in Nandidurga Goats of Karnataka

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basavraj Inamdar ◽  
R. Nagaraja ◽  
H.M. Yathish ◽  
S. Naveen Kumar ◽  
G.S. Naveen Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Relative Length ◽  
Lymphocyte Culture ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Chromosomal Complement ◽  
Morphological Index ◽  
The Mean

Background: To characterize the chromosomal complement of Nandidurga goats. Methods: Blood samples for short term lymphocyte culture were collected from 5 bucks and 5 does from its breeding tract and then mitotic chromosomal spreads were accomplished. Result: The diploid chromosome number was found to be 60, consisting of 58 acrocentric autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes (X and Y). The X chromosome was found to be the longest acrocentric and Y chromosome was found to be sub metacentric. The mean mitotic drive was 64.5±2.01 and 63.15±1.30 percent in bucks and does, respectively. The mean relative length of autosomes varied from 2.08±0.24 to 4.81±0.12 in does and 2.09±0.09 to 4.70±0.11in bucks. The relative length of X chromosome in does was 5.14±0.17 and that in bucks was 4.92±0.21, whereas Y chromosome had a relative length of 1.99±0.20. The mean Arms Ratio, Centromeric Index and Morphological Index were 2.47, 31.62 and 396.14, respectively. This cytogenetic analysis indicates the normal chromosomal complement in the studied Nandidurga goats.

scholarly journals Cytogenetic Characterisation of Nattukuttai - A Non-descript Cattle Population of Tamil Nadu

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ymberzal Koul ◽  
V. Harshini ◽  
S.M.K. Karthickeyan ◽  
K. Thilak Pon Jawahar ◽  
A. Gopinathan
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Relative Length ◽  
Lymphocyte Culture ◽  
Zebu Cattle ◽  
Cattle Population ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Centromeric Index ◽  
Morphological Index

Background: Nattukuttai is a small-sized cattle population, native to north-eastern districts of Tamil Nadu. In light of the ongoing research on genetic characterisation of cattle genetic resources of India, the present study was undertaken with the objective of cytogenetic characterisation of Nattukuttai cattle, which is imperative for its conservation and genetic implications to breeding programs. Methods: Blood samples from ten Nattukuttai cattle (five males and five females) were utilized to study the chromosome profile through short-term lymphocyte culture method. Good metaphase spreads were selected for estimation of the relative length, arm ratio, centromeric index and morphological index. Result: The diploid number was 60. All the 29 pairs of autosomes and Y-chromosome were acrocentric while X-chromosome was sub-metacentric. The mean relative length of autosomes ranged from 5.24 ±0.08 to 1.90±0.06. X-chromosome was the largest in the karyotype (5.64±0.12), while the Y-chromosome was the smallest (1.85±0.03). The arm ratio, centromeric index and morphological index were 1.98±0.02, 0.33±0.03 and 4.06±0.4 respectively. The study revealed that the chromosome architecture of Nattukuttai cattle was similar to that of other breeds of Zebu cattle.

Comparison of chromosomal architecture of Sahiwal and crossbred Sahiwal cattle

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. V. Subramanyam ◽  
P. Jaya Laxmi ◽  
B. Punyakumari ◽  
A. V.N. Sivakumar
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Relative Length ◽  
Submetacentric Chromosome ◽  
Centromeric Index ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Y Chromosomes ◽  
Sahiwal Cattle ◽  
Morphological Index ◽  
Chromosomal Architecture

The karyological investigation using 16 purebred Sahiwal and 16 Jersey X Sahiwal cattle (8 males and 8 females of each genetic group) revealed the diploid chromosome number to be 60. All the 29 pairs of autosomes were acrocentric, while the X – chromosome was sub-metacentric in both the genetic groups. Acrocentric Y chromosome of Sahiwal differed from small submetacentric chromosome of Jersey X Sahiwal cattle in its morphology. The relative length of autosomes ranged from 1.74 ± 0.01 to 5.28 ± 0.02 in Sahiwal and from 1.72 ± 0.01 to 5.26 ± 0.02 in Jersey X Sahiwal crosses. X – Chromosome was the second largest chromosome in both the genetic groups. The contribution of X and Y chromosomes to the total genome were 5.07 and 1.99 per cent to the total genome in Sahiwal and 5.06 and 2.20 per cent in Jersey X Sahiwal cattle, respectively. The arm ratio, centromeric index and morphological index for the X-chromosome of Sahiwal and Jersey X Sahiwal cattle were 1.89, 0.35, 2.87 and 1.84, 0.36, 2.76, respectively. The arm ratio, centromeric index and morphological index for the Y-chromosome of Jersey X Sahiwal cattle were 1.63, 0.35 and 1.41, respectively.

A comparative study on cytogenetic profile of Large White Yorkshire crossbred and non-descript pigs

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Harshini ◽  
K. Sakunthala Devi ◽  
B. Punya Kumari ◽  
J. Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Relative Length ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Large White ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Morphological Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cytogenetic Profile ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Crossbred Pigs

The present karyotype analysis was carried out on 15 females and 15 males of Large White Yorkshire crossbred and non-descript pigs to study their cytogenetic profile and morphometric measurements by using short term leukocyte culture technique. The diploid chromosome number (2n) in both the breeds was found to be 38 with a fundamental number of 64 as in exotic.The least squares mean relative length of autosomes in Large White Yorkshire crossbred pigs ranged from 2.80±0.17 to 10.85±0.17 and the values for non-descript pigs from 2.88±0.10 to 11.03±0.18. The relative contribution of X and Y-chromosome in Large White Yorkshire crossbred pigs was 4.66±0.15 and 2.05±0.17, whereas these values were 4.81±0.17 and 2.19±0.17 in non-descript pigs respectively. The overall mean arm ratio of autosomes ranged from 1.01±0.03 to 2.45±0.03 and 1.02±0.01 to 2.43±0.02 in Large White Yorkshire crossbred females and males respectively. The mean centromeric indices of autosomes differs from 0.50±0.04 to 0.71±0.02 in females and 0.51±0.02 to 0.72±0.03 in males of Large White Yorkshire crossbred pigs. The average morphological index value of autosomes ranged from 2.43±0.06 to 7.29±0.11 in females and 2.41±0.05 to 7.31±0.12 in males of Large White Yorkshire crossbred pigs.

THE CHROMOSOMAL COMPLEMENT OF THE YELLOW-CHEEKED VOLE: Microtus xanthognathus (Leach)

1974 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. R. Rausch ◽  
R. L. Rausch
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Fundamental Number ◽  
Chromosomal Number ◽  
Chromosomal Complement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Haploid Complement

The karyotype of Microtus xanthognathus (Leach) is described, based on material from one female and one male vole. The diploid chromosomal number was found to be 54, and the fundamental number 62. The metacentric X-chromosome was of medium size and averaged 6.6% of the haploid complement. The designated Y-chromosome was near acrocentric. The specific distinction of M. xanthognathus and Microtus chrotorrhinus (Miller) was confirmed by the recognition of major differences in karyotype and differences in fundamental number. The distributional history of M. xanthognathus is briefly discussed.

The Karyotype of Blainville’s Beaked Whale, Mesoplodon densirostris

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ross Brookwell ◽  
Kimberly Finlayson ◽  
Jason P. van de Merwe
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Organizer Region ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer Region ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer ◽  
Large Block ◽  
Beaked Whale

The karyotype of the Odontocete whale, <i>Mesoplodon densirostris</i>, has not been previously reported. The chromosome number is determined to be 2n = 42, and the karyotype is presented using G-, C-, and nucleolar organizer region (NOR) banding. The findings include NOR regions on 2 chromosomes, regions of heterochromatic variation, a large block of heterochromatin on the X chromosome, and a relatively large Y chromosome. The karyotype is compared to published karyograms of 2 other species of <i>Mesoplodon</i>.

scholarly journals First Report on Karyotypic, Morphometric and Meiotic Analysis of a Predatory Bombardier Beetle Pherosophus catoirai (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from Jammu region of Outer Himalayas, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 817-822
Author(s):  
Arshad Ayoub Bhatti ◽  
Nidhi Slathia ◽  
Manvi K
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Complement ◽  
Diploid Chromosome Number ◽  
Meiotic Analysis ◽  
Chromosome Y ◽  
First Report ◽  
Metaphase Stage ◽  
Spermatogonial Metaphase

Chromosomal studies and manual karyotyping are the aged techniques for determining the identity of a species on evolutionary scale; however, these techniques are simple, reliable and inexpensive to authenticate the existence of a particular species. In the present work, the chromosome complement and meiotic processes of a predatory bombardier beetle Pherosophus catoirai were investigated. This species presented 2n=35 as diploid chromosome number and the chromosomal formula was found to be 12m+8sm+12st+X0. Sex mechanism was X0 type with metacentric X chromosome. Y chromosome was absent in this species. Karyotype revealed small chromosomes except X chromosome which is found to be largest in the spermatogonial metaphase stage. Meiotic stages were pachytene, diplotene, diakinesis and metaphase-I. Present study may find importance to analyse evolution of chromosomes in order Coleoptera particularly in family Carabidae.

BANDING ANALYSIS OF THE CHROMOSOMES OF MARMOSA MITIS (MURINE OPOSSUM)

1974 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances M. Curcuru-Giordano ◽  
Richard G. Weed ◽  
Edmund C. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Elimination ◽  
Modal Chromosome Number ◽  
Banding Analysis ◽  
Lung Cell Cultures

The modal chromosome number of 14 has been confirmed in Marmosa mitis by examining 622 metaphase spreads derived from heart and lung cell cultures as well as from direct bone marrow preparations. Nine adult individuals, seven females and two males, were investigated. Preferential Y chromosome elimination was observed in both males. It was found that four of the seven chromosome pairs could be identified morphologically while Q-banding allowed differentiation of all chromosomes. The ASG technique revealed that one X chromosome was consistently heterochromatic.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Asymptomatic Brucellosis in Children 7 to 12 Years Old

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Aghaali ◽  
Siamak Mohebi ◽  
Hosein Heydari
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Asymptomatic Infection ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Asymptomatic Children ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year

Background. Brucellosis is one of the most common diseases of humans and animals and its clinical manifestations differ from asymptomatic infection to chronic illness associated with recurrence of symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of brucellosis in asymptomatic children 7 to 12 years old in Kahak, Iran.Methods. In this study, 186 children 7 to 12 years old were evaluated. Demographic data and exposure to the brucellosis agent were recorded and blood samples for the Wright, Coombs, and 2ME tests were collected. All the study subjects were followed up for one year about the appearance of symptoms.Results. The mean age was 10 ± 1.72 years and 51% were boys. Family history was positive for brucellosis in 15% of children. A total of 8 children were brucellosis seropositive and, in subsequent follow-up, 6 of them showed the disease symptoms.Conclusion. This study showed that approximately 4.3% of children in endemic areas can have asymptomatic brucellosis and many of these children may be symptomatic in short term.

CIRCADIAN AND 30 MINUTES VARIATIONS IN SERUM TSH AND THYROID HORMONES IN NORMAL SUBJECTS

1978 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 659-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jørgen Weeke ◽  
Hans Jørgen G. Gundersen
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Mean Amplitude ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Tsh Secretion ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Serum Tsh

ABSTRACT Ten normal young males were investigated in order to examine diurnal and short-term variations in serum TSH and serum thyroid hormones. In five subjects blood samples were obtained every 30 min during a 24 h period of daily life. A synchronous diurnal rhythm was found for free T3 and serum TSH with low levels in the day-time and higher levels at night. The mean increase from day to night was 15 and 140 per cent, respectively. There was a tendency to a similar rhythm in free T4, but the increase of 7 per cent fell short of statistical significance. In the other five men blood samples were obtained every 5 min in a 6 to 7 h period starting within the interval from 19.15 to 22.00 h. A significant regular variation with a cycle-length of half an hour was found in TSH, free T3 and free T4. This rhythm accounted for a significant part of the total variation in the levels of TSH, free T3 and free T4. The mean amplitude of the short-term variation is 13, 15 and 11 per cent of the mean level of the respective hormones. The data suggest a pulsatile release of hormones from the thyroid gland governed by a pulsatile TSH secretion.

scholarly journals A rare chromosomal polymorphism in a Kangayam bull (Bos indicus) of south India

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-465
Author(s):  
Vemula Harshini ◽  
P. Kumarasamy ◽  
S.M.K. Karthickeyan
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
South India ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Chromosomal Polymorphism ◽  
Chromosomal Complement ◽  
Semen Collection ◽  
Frozen Semen

A chromosomal polymorphism was detected on karyological screening of Kangayam breeding sires prior to subjecting them for frozen semen collection. One bull possessed the chromosomal complement 2n = 60, consisting of 58 acrocentric autosomes, one large sub-metacentric X-chromosome, and one small acrocentric Y-chromosome with a small visible p-arm, which was further confirmed using CBG- and GTG-banding. This polymorphism was attributed to a heterochromatin variation of the acrocentric Y-chromosome routine in the Bos indicus Linnaeus, 1758 cattle.

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