METHODOLOGICAL AND CONCEPTUAL PROBLEMS OF OIL POLLUTION IN SOIL

The relevance of the normalization of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil is due, inter alia, to their ubiquity. Negative impacts on soil cover, atmospheric air, surface and groundwaters, ecological systems and public health are noted at all stages of development of oil fields - from drilling to industrial processing, liquidation of equipment and delivery to the consumer. In addition, various technologies for the destruction of oil contamination (re-cultivation, sanitation, etc.) are actively being developed, but they are not widely used, because there is no norm for a safe level of their content for humans and environmental objects. The article deals with problems of hygienic regulation of petroleum hydrocarbons in the soil. Methods are presented for the quantitative determination of oil and oil products in soil, as well as conceptual issues in the system for estimating oil as a soil pollutant. The subordinate legislation, taking into account the lists of pollutants, in respect of which state regulation measures in the field of environmental protection are applied, are sanctified. Toxic oxygen-containing products are shown to be formed asa result of the transformation of the hydrocarbon component of the component composition of the oil. Threshold concentrations of the safe content of petroleum hydrocarbons in the soil in a vegetation experiment (500 mg/kg), water migration - 10,000 mg/kg and a total of 21,000 mg/kg were determined. Priority directions of research on the establishment of a safe level of oil hydrocarbon contamination in the soil according to the airborne migration index of harmfulness, as well as the quantitative determination of petroleum hydrocarbons in agricultural plants are indicated.

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Test method for determining phosphate ions in organic products and soil using blister cells

Butlerov Communications ◽

10.37952/roi-jbc-01/20-61-3-92 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 61 (3) ◽

pp. 92-98

Author(s):

Sergey L. Belopukhov ◽

◽

Alexey V. Jevnerov ◽

Andrey V. Bochkarev ◽

Ravil F. Baibekov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Determination ◽

Test Method ◽

Colorimetric Determination ◽

Color Processing ◽

Good Convergence ◽

Environmental Objects ◽

Phosphate Ions ◽

The Republic ◽

Visual Testing

A test method for the determination of phosphates in environmental objects has been developed, the determination of phosphate ions can be carried out in the field, the analysis of one sample is carried out for 10-15 minutes. Color characteristics can be monitored both visually and using color processing programs for smartphones such as ON Color Measure or Light Analyzer. Variants of compositions of a series of placers are proposed for visually blister colorimetric determination of phosphate ion concentrations in a blister cell (tablet for tablets) containing a mixture of reagents. The placers allow the quantitative determination of phosphates in various objects without preliminary preparation of reagent solutions. The application of reagents to the surface of silica gel makes it possible to isolate all reagents until a chemical reaction occurs. Each component in a separate placer is isolated, stable for 6 months. Test systems are recommended for semi-quantitative visual testing and for the quantitative determination of the content of phosphate ions in solutions. The composition and application conditions of crystalline substances - reagents capable of providing a sufficiently high acidity with the addition of a few drops of a solution and a reducing agent suitable under blister conditions have been optimized. Visual-colorimetric reaction is carried out under conditions when the volume of the added solution is 2-3 drops. In the environmental objects of the Belogorsky district of the Republic of Crimea, the concentrations of phosphate ions in water samples, soil of carbonate chernozem, biomass of cellulose-containing waste of lavender after extraction of lavender essential oil grown by organic farming were determined. The phosphate content was estimated by the visual blister method in the samples and standard methods, and good convergence of the analysis results was shown.

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A REVIEW OF SOME COMMONLY USED PARAMETERS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF OIL POLLUTION

International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings ◽

10.7901/2169-3358-1977-1-487 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 1977 (1) ◽

pp. 487-491

Author(s):

Michael Gruenfeld and ◽

Uwe Frank

Keyword(s):

Puerto Rico ◽

Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽

Oil Pollution ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Biological Tissues ◽

Biological Origin ◽

Ultraviolet Absorption Spectroscopy ◽

Instrumental Methods ◽

Petroleum Oils

ABSTRACT A state-of-the-art review is provided describing specific parameters of petroleum oils that are used by various investigators to demonstrate the presence of oil pollution in water, sediments, and biological tissues. Several representative publications are discussed with regard to the techniques used for distinguishing between petroleum hydrocarbons and organics that are of recent biological origin. The techniques include chromatographic procedures using alumina and silica gel for separating hydrocarbons from other organics, followed by instrumental methods such as gas chromatography, fluorescence spectroscopy, ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy, et al. The various oil parameters that are used to demonstrate the presence of petroleum oils are discussed, and the most effective ones are recommended. In addition, a recent study is also described in which several of the parameters were used to demonstrate the presence of oil pollution in sediments from a mangrove swamp in Puerto Rico.

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THE DESTRUCTION’S EFFICIENCY RESEARCH OF PRIORITY ORGANIC POLL UTANTS BY MICROORGANISMS

News of the Tula state university. Sciences of Earth ◽

10.46689/2218-5194-2021-1-1-14-30 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 14-30

Author(s):

KOLOTOVA O.V. ◽

◽

MOGILEVSKAYA I.V. ◽

VLADIMTSEVA I.V. ◽

ERMOLOVSKY A.V. ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Pollutants ◽

Growth Rates ◽

Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽

Oil Pollution ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Effective Microorganisms ◽

Biological Purification ◽

Environmental Objects ◽

Microbial Strains ◽

Selection Of

Isolation from environmental objects and selection of effective microorganisms-destructors of common organic pollutants were carried out. The growth rates of the obtained microbial strains and their destructive activity against petroleum hydrocarbons, lipids and phenols were studied. The greatest activity among the studied 18 phenol-oxidizing strains was shown by VGTU-13, among 10 lipolytic strains- by VGTU-02, these strains are active destructors of petroleum hydrocarbons according to the results of the studies. The possibility of using phenol-oxidizing and lipolytic bacterial strains for biological purification wastewater from oil pollution was shown.

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