THE DESTRUCTION’S EFFICIENCY RESEARCH OF PRIORITY ORGANIC POLL UTANTS BY MICROORGANISMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-30
Author(s):  
KOLOTOVA O.V. ◽  
◽  
MOGILEVSKAYA I.V. ◽  
VLADIMTSEVA I.V. ◽  
ERMOLOVSKY A.V. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Effective Microorganisms ◽  
Biological Purification ◽  
Environmental Objects ◽  
Microbial Strains ◽  
Selection Of

Isolation from environmental objects and selection of effective microorganisms-destructors of common organic pollutants were carried out. The growth rates of the obtained microbial strains and their destructive activity against petroleum hydrocarbons, lipids and phenols were studied. The greatest activity among the studied 18 phenol-oxidizing strains was shown by VGTU-13, among 10 lipolytic strains- by VGTU-02, these strains are active destructors of petroleum hydrocarbons according to the results of the studies. The possibility of using phenol-oxidizing and lipolytic bacterial strains for biological purification wastewater from oil pollution was shown.

scholarly journals METHODOLOGICAL AND CONCEPTUAL PROBLEMS OF OIL POLLUTION IN SOIL

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (10) ◽  
pp. 929-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay V. Rusakov ◽  
M. A. Vodyanova ◽  
N. Yu. Starodubova ◽  
L. G. Donerian
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Hydrocarbon Contamination ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Environmental Objects ◽  
Safe Level

The relevance of the normalization of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil is due, inter alia, to their ubiquity. Negative impacts on soil cover, atmospheric air, surface and groundwaters, ecological systems and public health are noted at all stages of development of oil fields - from drilling to industrial processing, liquidation of equipment and delivery to the consumer. In addition, various technologies for the destruction of oil contamination (re-cultivation, sanitation, etc.) are actively being developed, but they are not widely used, because there is no norm for a safe level of their content for humans and environmental objects. The article deals with problems of hygienic regulation of petroleum hydrocarbons in the soil. Methods are presented for the quantitative determination of oil and oil products in soil, as well as conceptual issues in the system for estimating oil as a soil pollutant. The subordinate legislation, taking into account the lists of pollutants, in respect of which state regulation measures in the field of environmental protection are applied, are sanctified. Toxic oxygen-containing products are shown to be formed asa result of the transformation of the hydrocarbon component of the component composition of the oil. Threshold concentrations of the safe content of petroleum hydrocarbons in the soil in a vegetation experiment (500 mg/kg), water migration - 10,000 mg/kg and a total of 21,000 mg/kg were determined. Priority directions of research on the establishment of a safe level of oil hydrocarbon contamination in the soil according to the airborne migration index of harmfulness, as well as the quantitative determination of petroleum hydrocarbons in agricultural plants are indicated.

Strategies for the evaluation and selection of potential vaginal probiotics from human sources: an exemplary study

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.J. Domig ◽  
H. Kiss ◽  
L. Petricevic ◽  
H. Viernstein ◽  
F. Unger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Development Procedure ◽  
Microbial Strains ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Step Selection ◽  
Targeted Release ◽  
Selection Of

During the last years, the application of probiotics in gynaecological clinical practice has gained increasing relevance regarding therapy and prevention. This trend has also provoked the need for having tailored pharmaceutical preparations containing powerful microbial strains with defined properties. For the development of such preparations, several factors and criteria have to be considered, thereby not only focusing on identity and safety aspects as well as individual properties of the bacterial strains, but also on technological issues, such as stability and targeted release from the preparation. Against this background, this report exemplarily addresses the development procedure of a probiotic bacterial formulation for gynaecological application, covering the search for suitable strains, assessing their microbiological, molecular biological and physiological characterisation, and the selection for their use in clinical trials. In detail, starting with 127 presumptive lactobacilli isolates of vaginal origin, a step-by-step selection of candidate strains meeting special criteria was thoroughly examined, finally leading to a preparation consisting of four individual Lactobacillus strains that possess particular significance in women's urogenital health. Relevant issues and quality criteria of probiotic preparations used in gynecology are addressed and exemplarily introduced.

scholarly journals Choosing a proper approach for isolating bacteriophages specific to Flavobacterium genus bacteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-403
Author(s):  
A. G. Semanin ◽  
G. R. Sadrtdinova
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Sensitivity Study ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Factor X ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Environmental Objects ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Selection Of

The article presents results of research related to the selection of an effective method for isolating bacteriophages active against bacteria of the genus Flavobacterium. The number of bacterial strains used in the work — 3. All strains cultures were obtained from the museum of the department of microbiology, virology, epizootiology and veterinary-sanitary examination of federal state budgetary educational institution of higher education Ulyanovsk «State Agricultural University named after PA Stolypin» and have tinctorial and biochemical properties characteristic for this genus (and species). The studies consisted of 4 series of experiments. The first series of experiments was connected with the approbation of a technique for isolating a bacteriophage without using an influencing factor. As a result, the desired bacteriophages were not isolated. The second series of experiments consisted in testing the isolation method using an inducing factorultraviolet irradiation. The distance to the objects of irradiation is0.3 m. Exposure time: 1 min, 3 min, 5 min, 10 min, 15 min. The third series of experiments was also associated with the use of inducing factor X-ray irradiation. In the course of the work, three operating modes were determined, each of which differed in the duration of the exposure, the periodicity of the exposure, and the dose received. As a result of studies related to the use of inducing factors, the desired bacteriophages were not identified. The last series of experiments was to allocate bacteriophages from the objects of the natural places сommemorative (possible) existence of the «owner» (the studied microorganism) and viruses (bacteriophage desired). Three phage isolates were isolated from environmental objects: FL-j-1, FL-pec-2, FL-aq-3. Bacteriophage FL-j-1 is active against a strain of F. johnsoniae VKM B-1426 bacteriophage FL-pec-2 is active against strain F. pectinovorum VKM B-1171 bacteriophage FL-aq-3 strain active against F. aquatile VKPM B-8534. Further studies may be related to study properties of the isolated phages: study of the specificity in respect of this kind of sensitivity study, the study and higher lytic activity, selection of the most promising strains phages further selection of selected phages, as well as studying the possibility of bacteriophages from use in the method of the reaction increase titer phage for the purpose of indicating the microorganism being studied. 

Preliminary in Vitro Investigations on The Inhibitory Activity of The Original Dietary Supplement Oxidal® on Pathogenic Bacterial Strains

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Prof. Teodora P. Popova ◽  
Toshka Petrova ◽  
Ignat Ignatov ◽  
Stoil Karadzhov
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Microbial Strains

The antimicrobial action of the dietary supplement Oxidal® was tested using the classic Bauer and Kirby agar-gel diffusion method. Clinical and reference strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were used in the studies. The tested dietary supplement showed a well-pronounced inhibitory effect against the microbial strains commensurable with that of the broad-spectrum chemotherapeutic agent Enrofloxacin and showed even higher activity than the broad spectrum antibiotic Thiamphenicol. The proven inhibitory effect of the tested dietary supplement against the examined pathogenic bacteria is in accordance with the established clinical effectiveness standards for antimicrobial agents.

scholarly journals Changes in genetic constitution and sterol composition during growth of nystatin-resistant heterokaryons ofNeurospora crassa

1983 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill E. Ogden ◽  
Morris Grindle
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Minimal Medium ◽  
Resistant Mutant ◽  
Sterol Composition ◽  
Sensitive Strain ◽  
Genetic Constitution ◽  
Polyene Antibiotic ◽  
Ofneurospora Crassa ◽  
Synthetic Media ◽  
Selection Of

SUMMARYHeterokaryons ofN. crassawere synthesized from homokaryotic strains differing in sterol composition and sensitivity to the polyene antibiotic nystatin. Mycelia of the nystatin-sensitive strainerg-1+contained ergosterol and episterol, and the nystatin-resistant mutanterg-1 contained fecosterol and lichesterol. Mycelia of heterokaryons with different proportions oferg-1+:erg-1 nuclei contained various proportions of the four sterols. Ergosterol was the principal sterol in heterokaryons with more than 5%erg-1+nuclei.Heterokaryons with various proportions oferg-1+:erg-1 nuclei were grown for several weeks along tubes of synthetic media. Growth rates were stable on minimal medium and nutritionally supplemented media but nuclear proportions often fluctuated. Growth rates fell sharply on nystatin-supplemented media and there were adaptive increases in proportions of mutanterg-1 nuclei which resulted in selection of nystatin-resistant homokaryotic mycelia.

The Use of Biotreatment Technology to Dispose of Offshore Drilling Waste Oily Fluids

2012 ◽  
Vol 424-425 ◽  
pp. 592-597
Author(s):  
Zhi Yong Li ◽  
Shui Xiang Xie ◽  
Guang Cheng Jiang ◽  
Mu Tai Bao ◽  
Zhi Li Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Offshore Drilling ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Drilling Waste ◽  
Physical Processing ◽  
Yeast Powder ◽  
Oily Waste

Disposing of oil-based drilling fluid with biotreatment technology has many advantages: it is only 30-50% of the expense of conventional chemical or physical processing technologies, has a low impact on the environment, with no secondary pollution, and utilizes local control and entails simple operations. After a series of collection, isolation, purification, cultivation and domestication of petroleum degrading bacterial, three strains were obtained that can effectively degrade petroleum hydrocarbons. The growth of the bacterial strains and the consequent crude oil degradation were found to be at the greatest rates using the following biochemical processing conditions. The strains were grown in ammonium nitrate and a small quantity of yeast powder at a temperature of 50°C and pH of 6.0. The strain quantity was 2%, and the rotating speed of the shaker was 180rpm. The biochemical disposal process and laboratory-scale simulation of processing devices of oil-based drilling fluid were also designed. The oil content of disposed oily waste mud generally was generally less than 2mg/L, and the degradability of the waste was over 98%. The performance index meets the requirement of the China’s offshore wastewater discharge standards.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Lipases from Wild Microbial Strains as Biocatalysts in Biodiesel Production

Separations ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Luna ◽  
Diego Luna ◽  
Felipa Bautista ◽  
Juan Calero ◽  
Antonio Romero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Purification Process ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
New Type ◽  
Microbial Strains ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Microbial Strain ◽  
Biodiesel Industry

In this study, the evaluation of the catalytic behavior of several wild bacterial strains in the 1,3-selective ethanolysis of triglycerides with ethanol to produce a new type of biodiesel (Ecodiesel) that integrates glycerol as monoacylglycerols was carried out. The Ecodiesel production not only avoids the elimination of glycerol, which is largely generated as a by-product in the biodiesel industry, but also results in an increase in the biofuel yield. The wild microbial strain samples were obtained from several lipophilic organisms. In addition to evaluate the enzymatic extracts, the minimum grade of purification of the strains, necessary to obtain similar results to those attained with commercial lipases was studied. This purification treatment included a dialysis followed by a lyophilization process. Such extracts were directly used as biocatalysts in the transesterification reaction of sunflower oil with ethanol, attaining much better results (yield close to 100%) than those obtained with strains which were not submitted to the purification process (yields lower than 10%). Furthermore, the results here obtained are similar to those obtained with commercial lipases but were achieved under mild conditions and lower reaction time (2 h). In addition, the stability of the enzymatic extracts was corroborated by subsequent reactions, showing no loss of activity. Thus, this study brings to light that enzymatic extracts obtained by a very simple purification process can be economically competitive with the conventional biodiesel production methods.

scholarly journals Coriolis effects on the elliptical instability in cylindrical and spherical rotating containers

2007 ◽  
Vol 585 ◽  
pp. 323-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. LE BARS ◽  
S. LE DIZÈS ◽  
P. LE GAL
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Close Agreement ◽  
Unstable Mode ◽  
Quantitative Agreement ◽  
Fixed Rate ◽  
Elliptical Instability ◽  
Normal Mode Theory ◽  
Set Up ◽  
First Time ◽  
Selection Of

The effects of the Coriolis force on the elliptical instability are studied experimentally in cylindrical and spherical rotating containers placed on a table rotating at a fixed rate $\tilde{\Omega}^G$. For a given set-up, changing the ratio ΩG of global rotation $\tilde{\Omega}^G$ to flow rotation $\tilde{\Omega}^F$ leads to the selection of various unstable modes due to the presence of resonance bands, in close agreement with the normal-mode theory. No instability occurs when ΩG varies between −3/2 and −1/2 typically. On decreasing ΩG toward −1/2, resonance bands are first discretized for ΩG<0 and progressively overlap for −1/2 ≪ ΩG < 0. Simultaneously, the growth rates and wavenumbers of the prevalent stationary unstable mode significantly increase, in quantitative agreement with the viscous short-wavelength analysis. New complex resonances have been observed for the first time for the sphere, in addition to the standard spin-over. We argue that these results have significant implications in geo- and astrophysical contexts.

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