Efficiency of innovation system in the Czech Republic: Comparison with other European countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 90-96
Author(s):  
Eva Jurickova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Czech Republic

This paper examines the efficiency of the innovation system in the Czech Republic compared to other European Union countries. The analysis is based on a data envelopment method using a model containing innovation drivers, knowledge creation and indicators of innovation and entrepreneurship as inputs, and intellectual property and application assets producing outputs of the national innovation systems of selected European countries. The data envelopment analysis method focuses on non-parametric linear programming, examining the relative performance and efficiency of particular units under a constant return to scale, converting inputs into outputs as variables of modelling. The measured technical efficiency indicates a difference in performance of innovation systems of selected countries of the European Union and compares an obtained score in efficiency evaluated in the model. The Czech Republic belongs to the moderate group in terms of innovation performance; its national innovation system is characterised by weaknesses in intellectual assets and research. Keywords: Innovation, national innovation system, DEA modelling, technical efficiency.

scholarly journals Technical efficiency and its determinants in the European Union

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 275-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Nowak ◽  
T. Kijek ◽  
K. Domańska
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Dea Method ◽  
The Difference

The study concerns the measurement of the technical efficiency of agriculture in the 27 European Union (EU) countries in 2010. The studies were conducted based on the result-oriented DEA method assuming variable advantages of scale. Moreover, in the study, the factors affecting technical efficiency were identified, and the econometric modelling of their impact was performed with the use of the Tobit model. The studies indicate that across the 27 EU Member States, the level of the technical efficiency of agriculture is diverse, and the difference between the states with the highest and the lowest efficiencies is 40%. Cyprus, Denmark, Greece, France, Spain, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Italy and Malta were identified as the countries with the thoroughly technically efficient agriculture. In turn, the least technically efficient agriculture is observed for the Czech Republic, Lithuania, Hungary, Ireland, Latvia and Slovakia. Taking into account the factors determining the technical agriculture efficiency, it should be noted that the stimulants have proven to be such factors as: the soil quality, the age of the head of the household and the surcharges for investments. In turn, the size of the farm appeared to be irrelevant from the viewpoint of the technical efficiency of the agricultural sector.

The further enlargement of the European Union in a historical perspective

1999 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan T. Berend
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
European Countries ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The West ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Central European ◽  
The Past

The article discusses the proposed enlargement of the European Union by the inclusion of the five Central European Countries, Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Estonia and Slovenia in terms of their history. In the past, they have been part of the West at times, but their recent economic history has not been encouraging. What will their prospects be when joining the European Union?

scholarly journals Child Poverty among European Countries and Bulgaria’s Place among Them. Statistical Analysis of Convergence

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-51
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Child Poverty ◽  
European Countries ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Eu Member States

Children are one of the most vulnerable socio-demographic groups at risk of poverty and social exclusion. Bulgaria and Romania are emerging as the countries in the European Union with the highest levels of child poverty in 2019. The countries with the lowest values of the indicator are Slovenia, the Czech Republic and Denmark. The study of the dynamics of child poverty in Bulgaria shows a downward trend in the development of the indicator for the 2009-2020 period. The study of convergence between European countries shows convergence between EU Member States in terms of child poverty. It is found that countries with higher initial levels of child poverty tend to decline rapidly and move closer to countries with lower levels. Bulgaria has turned out to be a typical example of a country in which there are relatively higher rates of poverty reduction in the group of children for the study period.

scholarly journals Income and Poverty in Households in Selected European Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (345) ◽  
pp. 7-25
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Teresa Ćwiek ◽  
Paweł Ulman
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Income Poverty ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Visegrad Group

Incomes of population and poverty are key elements of the EU cohesion policy which aims at reducing disparities between the levels of development of individual regions. The traditionally appropriate study to evaluate the convergence of the Member States is the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU‑SILC). However, this is not the only source of information on income distribution and social inclusion in the European Union. In this article, the basis for calculations are the results of the fourth European Quality of Life Surveys (EQLS), whose purpose is to measure both objective and subjective indicators of the standard of living of citizens and their households. The aim of the paper is to assess the diversity of distributions of household incomes and the level of income poverty due to the selected socio‑demographic characteristics of the respondent or household in selected European countries in two periods: 2007 and 2016. Countries of the Visegrad Group (Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary) were selected for the analysis, along with the Weimar Triangle (Poland, Germany, and France). Such a selection allowed us to compare the financial situation of households in Western Europe with those in Central and Eastern Europe. Poland becomes a natural link between all these countries. The article uses modelling methods of income distribution, indicators of distance (overlapping) of distributions and aggregate indicators of the scope, depth and severity of poverty. Those ratios were determined on the basis of the use of relative. In order to ensure comparability of incomes of households with different demographic compositions, the analysis used equivalent incomes. As a result of the preliminary analysis, differences were noted regarding the measured position, variation and asymmetry of equivalent incomes in the studied households. The applied gap measurements showed a significant disparity between the distributions of income in Western European countries (Germany, France) and the countries of the Visegrad Group, but the size of that differentation de creased significantly in 2016 relative to 2007. Important differentiation was also noted in terms of income poverty risk within the Visegrad Group: the highest proportion of households at risk of poverty exists in Poland and the lowest in the Czech Republic.

scholarly journals The Fiscal Compact and the European Constitutions: ‘Europe Speaking German’

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
LB ◽  
JHR
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Monetary Union ◽  
Euro Area ◽  
Economic And Monetary Union ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Fiscal Compact

In between the writing of this editorial and the publication of this issue of EuConst, the Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance in the Economic and Monetary Union, in everyday parlance the ‘Fiscal Compact’, will have been signed by the representatives of the governments of the contracting parties — the member states of the European Union minus the United Kingdom and the Czech Republic. The Fiscal Compact is intended to foster budgetary discipline, to strengthen the coordination of economic policies and to improve the governance of the euro area.

scholarly journals The economic conditions for the utilisation of the land fund in the Czech Republic after its accession to the European Union

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 452-454
Author(s):  
M. Hrabánková
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Public Benefit

The important part of the increase of regional potential is the farming of the land fund. The economic conditions for its utilisation have been already prepared. They are based especially on the drawing of funds of the European Union, namely for the period after the accession of the Czech Republic to the European Union and for the years 2007–2013. The measures concerning the land are included in the prepared programme documentation, especially in the Horizontal Rural Development Plan (HRDP) and in the Operational Programme “Agriculture”. The farmers will obtain the direct payment per area (SAPS) in addition to supports on foregoing measures. The requirements for environment-friendly farming of land will be increased in the future. The economic conditions for next period will concentrate on these priorities. It will concern the securing of public benefit contributing to the sustainable development of rural areas. The project assurance of these trends and their regional monitoring and evaluation will be important.

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