The Relationship of Biomedicine and Spirituality: A Short History of How the Body and the Spirit Divorced, Why They Had to and How We Bring it Together Again

This Introduction takes a broadly focused, global, and comparative view of the concept of embodiment, focusing particularly on some of the ways it has been interpreted outside of the history of European thought. It also provides a general overview of the central concerns and questions of the volume as a whole, such as: What is the historical and conceptual relationship between the idea of embodiment and the idea of subjecthood? Am I who I am principally in virtue of the fact that I have the body I have? Relatedly, what is the relationship of embodiment to being and to individuality? Is embodiment a necessary condition of being? Of being an individual? What are the theological dimensions of embodiment? To what extent has the concept of embodiment been deployed in the history of philosophy to contrast the created world with the state of existence enjoyed by God? What are the normative dimensions of theories of embodiment? To what extent is the problem of embodiment a distinctly western preoccupation?

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Hubungan Karakteristik Pekerja dan Beban Kerja Dengan Kelelahan Kerja Pemanen Sawit PT. Bakrie

Jurnal Endurance ◽

10.22216/jen.v4i3.3973 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 583

Author(s):

Henny Arwina Bangun ◽

Donal Nababan ◽

Eva Yuliana

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Sampling Method ◽

The Body ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Work Activities ◽

Worker Characteristics ◽

History Of ◽

Physical Abilities ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Kelelahan kerja menunjukkan kondisi yang berbeda–beda dari setiap individu, semua bermuara kepada kehilangan efisiensi dan penurunan kapasitas tubuh serta peningkatan peluang untuk cidera di tempat kerja. Pemanen Sawit merupakan salah satu pekerja yang beresiko mengalami kelelahan, dimana pekerjaannya dilakukan secara manual, atau aktivitas kerja dengan pembebanan fisik. Kelelahan kerja dipengaruhi oleh faktor dari pekerja dan luar pekerja.Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai hubungan karakteristik pekerja seperti umur, masa kerja, riwayat penyakit dan status gizi, serta beban kerja dengan tingkat kelelahan kerja pekerja. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan karakteristik pekerja dan beban kerja dengan kelelahan kerja pada pemanen sawit di PT Bakrie Sumatera Plantations Tbk. Jenis penelitian analitik, pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel dengan metode total sampling yaitu sebanyak 64 responden. Hasil penelitian diperoleh ada hubungan antara umur dengan kelelahan kerja (p=0.000), ada hubungan antara masa kerja dengan kelelahan kerja (p=0.001), ada hubungan antara riwayat penyakit dengan kelelahan kerja (p=0.001), ada hubungan antara status gizi dengan kelelahan kerja (p=0.001), dan ada hubungan antara beban kerja dengan kelelahan kerja (p=0.017). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini disarankan agar perusahaan melakukan rotasi kerja berdasarkan kemampuan fisik dan ketahanan kerja pemanen, serta memberikan safety talk untuk melakukan peregangan tubuh selama 10 menit. Fatigue shows the condition of each individual, all leading to loss of efficiency,a decrease in body capacity, an increased chance of injury at work. Palm harvesters are one of the workers at risk of experiencing fatigue, where work is done manually,work activities with physical loading.Work exhaustion is influenced by factors from workers and outside workers. Therefore, research needs to be done on the relationship of worker characteristics such as age, years of service, disease history and nutritional status, and workload with work fatigue levels. work with work fatigue on palm harvesters at PT Bakrie Sumatera Plantations Tbk.Type of analytic research, cross sectional approach. Samples with total sampling method were 64 respondents. The results showed that there was a relationship between age and work fatigue (p=0.000), there was a relationship between work period and work fatigue(p=0.001), there was a relationship between history of illness and work fatigue (p=0.001), there is a relationship between nutritional status and work fatigue (p=0.001),and there is a relationship betweenworkload and work fatigue (p=0.017).Based on the results of this study it is recommended that companies carry out work rotations based on physical abilities, work resilience of harvesters,andprovide safety talk to stretch the body for 10 minutes.

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Part III The Relationship Between the Judiciary and the Political Branches, 8 Relationships with Power: Re-imagining Judicial Roles in Africa

10.1093/law/9780198759799.003.0009 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Fowkes James

Keyword(s):

Separation Of Powers ◽

The Body ◽

Executive Power ◽

Potential Threat ◽

The Rule Of Law ◽

History Of ◽

African Context ◽

Constitutional Protections ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

This chapter examines the relationship between the executive and the judiciary in Africa. It identifies a particular tendency in African scholarship to see the executive as, at best, a potential threat, and the judiciary as the body that should serve as guardian against it. This prompts calls for more constitutional protections, greater insulation of judges from politics, and bolder judicial activity. Given the often sad history of the rule of law in Africa and the general dominance of executive power on the continent, this focus is both understandable and far from misplaced. However, it should not blind us to other configurations the separation of powers can assume. Comparative experience suggests that the judicial power can increase rapidly, a possibility that deserves to be considered in the African context. Executives may also pursue more admirable constitutional goals, and in that case a relationship of cooperation, not conflict, will be possible.

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The re-collection of the Ryerson fashion research collection

10.32920/ryerson.14651835.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ingrid Masak Mida

Keyword(s):

Material Culture ◽

Collective Memory ◽

The Body ◽

Student Body ◽

Culture Studies ◽

The Past ◽

Research Collection ◽

History Of ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Christian Dior once said, “We invent nothing, we always start from something that has come before” (qtd. in Pochna 80). Historic garments can inform and inspire the present, offering up design potential for reinterpretations of styles of the past or serving as evidence of how fashion was worn and lived for material culture studies. Seeing a dress in a photo is a very different experience than feeling the weight of the fabric in hand, examining the details of cut, construction and embellishment, considering the relationship of the garment to the body or searching for evidence of how the garment was worn, used or altered over time. The Ryerson Fashion Research Collection is a repository of several thousand items acquired by donation since 1981, many of which are dresses and evening gowns dating from 1860 to 2000. For several years, this collection lay dormant behind an unmarked door and was largely unknown by the student body. This project was initiated to understand the nature of the artifacts contained therein and is a first step in the process of refocusing and rebuilding the Collection for the future. The title “Re-collection of the Ryerson Fashion Research Collection” encapsulates the organizing principle for this practice-led interdisciplinary project, encompassing the intersection of material culture, curatorial process and collective memory in the identification of one hundred key items from the archive that reflect the breadth and history of the Collection itself.

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Embodiment

10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190490447.001.0001 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

History Of Philosophy ◽

The Body ◽

Philosophical Problem ◽

Necessary Condition ◽

Human Beings ◽

Culture Form ◽

History Of ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

In Virtue Of

Embodiment—defined as having, being in, or being associated with a body—is a feature of the existence of many entities, perhaps even of all entities. Why entities should find themselves in this condition is the central concern of the present volume. The problem includes, but also goes beyond, the philosophical problem of body: that is, what the essence of a body is, and how, if at all, it differs from matter. On some understandings there may exist bodies, such as stones or asteroids, that are not the bodies of any particular subjects. To speak of embodiment by contrast is always to speak of a subject that variously inhabits, or captains, or is coextensive with, or even is imprisoned within, a body. The subject may in the end be identical to, or an emergent product of, the body. That is, a materialist account of embodied subjects may be the correct one. But insofar as there is a philosophical problem of embodiment, the identity of the embodied subject with the body stands in need of an argument and cannot simply be assumed. The reasons, nature, and consequences of the embodiment of subjects as conceived in the long history of philosophy in Europe as well as in the broader Mediterranean region and in South and East Asia, with forays into religion, art, medicine, and other domains of culture, form the focus of these essays. More precisely, the contributors to this volume shine light on a number of questions that have driven reflection on embodiment throughout the history of philosophy. What is the historical and conceptual relationship between the idea of embodiment and the idea of subjecthood? Am I who I am principally in virtue of the fact that I have the body I have? Relatedly, what is the relationship of embodiment to being and to individuality? Is embodiment a necessary condition of being? Of being an individual? What are the theological dimensions of embodiment? To what extent has the concept of embodiment been deployed in the history of philosophy to contrast the created world with the state of existence enjoyed by God? What are the normative dimensions of theories of embodiment? To what extent is the problem of embodiment a distinctly western preoccupation? Is it the result of a particular local and contingent history, or does it impose itself as a universal problem, wherever and whenever human beings begin to reflect on the conditions of their existence? Ultimately, to what extent can natural science help us to resolve philosophical questions about embodiment, many of which are vastly older than the particular scientific research programs we now believe to hold the greatest promise for revealing to us the bodily basis, or the ultimate physical causes, of who we really are?

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The re-collection of the Ryerson fashion research collection

10.32920/ryerson.14651835 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ingrid Masak Mida

Keyword(s):

Material Culture ◽

Collective Memory ◽

The Body ◽

Student Body ◽

Culture Studies ◽

The Past ◽

Research Collection ◽

History Of ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Christian Dior once said, “We invent nothing, we always start from something that has come before” (qtd. in Pochna 80). Historic garments can inform and inspire the present, offering up design potential for reinterpretations of styles of the past or serving as evidence of how fashion was worn and lived for material culture studies. Seeing a dress in a photo is a very different experience than feeling the weight of the fabric in hand, examining the details of cut, construction and embellishment, considering the relationship of the garment to the body or searching for evidence of how the garment was worn, used or altered over time. The Ryerson Fashion Research Collection is a repository of several thousand items acquired by donation since 1981, many of which are dresses and evening gowns dating from 1860 to 2000. For several years, this collection lay dormant behind an unmarked door and was largely unknown by the student body. This project was initiated to understand the nature of the artifacts contained therein and is a first step in the process of refocusing and rebuilding the Collection for the future. The title “Re-collection of the Ryerson Fashion Research Collection” encapsulates the organizing principle for this practice-led interdisciplinary project, encompassing the intersection of material culture, curatorial process and collective memory in the identification of one hundred key items from the archive that reflect the breadth and history of the Collection itself.

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Living Outside with the Sun

IDEA JOURNAL ◽

10.37113/ideaj.vi0.202 ◽

1969 ◽

pp. 117-126

Author(s):

Christina Mckay

Keyword(s):

The Body ◽

Ultraviolet Rays ◽

The Sun ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Native Population ◽

Ancient Greek ◽

Living Well ◽

History Of ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

This paper reflects upon the history of design of outdoor living spaces, a typology that blends interior directly with landscape. In Australasia, outdoor living is a symbol of contemporary life style but it must adapt to the danger of over-exposure to the sun’s ultraviolet rays. Tempering openness to the summer sky is not just a choice but rather a survival strategy. The relationship of European descendents to the Antipodean sun has fluctuated over time. In Victorian times, hats, copious clothing and villa verandahs protected prized pale complexions. Tanned skin branded the labouring classes and the native population. In the 1920s, the ancient Greek practice of heliotherapy was hailed as beneficial for the treatment of tuberculosis. Concurrently architecture clipped verandahs and proposed open sun terraces, sometimes scantily clad by a pergola. The negative consequences of this sun-worship were not known until the 1980s when the relation between ultraviolet rays and skin cancer was made and the recognition that one in three Australasians will be affected. Living outside with the sun therefore requires modification. Sunscreen is prescribed for application every two hours; hats, clothing and sun-glasses protect the body but hinder communication between people and their surroundings. Traditional solid shade shields direct rays, but deny the warmth of the sun, which is often so welcome in temperate New Zealand. Open shade sails fail to acknowledge the fact that ultraviolet rays scatter. Living well outside is not simple.

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The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽

10.1017/s0094837300025707 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 6 (02) ◽

pp. 146-160 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

William A. Oliver

Keyword(s):

Critical Points ◽

Scleractinian Corals ◽

Convincing Evidence ◽

Early Triassic ◽

Rugose Corals ◽

History Of ◽

The Subject ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

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Meat without Animals: Outcast Objects and the Improvement of London

10.3366/edinburgh/9781474424714.003.0003 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Ted Geier

Keyword(s):

Animal Rights ◽

Legal Reform ◽

Meat Production ◽

History Of ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Covers the long history of the Smithfield animal market and legal reform in London. Shows the relationship of civic improvement tropes, including animal rights, to animal erasure in the form of new foodstuffs from distant meat production sites. The reduction of lives to commodities also informed public abasement of the butchers.

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From Competition to Cooperation: A History of Canada–US National Park Relations

Environment and History ◽

10.3197/096734019x15631846928783 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Terence Young ◽

Alan MacEachern ◽

Lary Dilsaver

Keyword(s):

National Parks ◽

National Park ◽

The United States ◽

The Us ◽

Park Service ◽

Settler Societies ◽

History Of ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Flow Of Information ◽

The Relationship

This essay explores the evolving international relationship of the two national park agencies that in 1968 began to offer joint training classes for protected-area managers from around the world. Within the British settler societies that dominated nineteenth century park-making, the United States’ National Park Service (NPS) and Canada’s National Parks Branch were the most closely linked and most frequently cooperative. Contrary to campfire myths and nationalist narratives, however, the relationship was not a one-way flow of information and motivation from the US to Canada. Indeed, the latter boasted a park bureaucracy before the NPS was established. The relationship of the two nations’ park leaders in the half century leading up to 1968 demonstrates the complexity of defining the influences on park management and its diffusion from one country to another.

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