scholarly journals Adaptation of the Psychological-Behavioral Acculturation Scale to a Community of Urban-based Mexican Americans in the United States

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo Maupome ◽  
Rodrigo Marino ◽  
Odette M. Aguirre-Zero ◽  
Anita Ohmit ◽  
Sigi Dai
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
The United States ◽  
Value Orientation ◽  
Mexican Origin ◽  
European Americans ◽  
Behavioral Variables ◽  
Psychological Acculturation ◽  
Weighted Combination

<p class="Pa7"><strong>Objective: </strong>To report the psychometric properties of the Psychological-Behavioral Acculturation Scale (P-BAS), a tool gauging behavioral and psychological acculturation after adapting it through formative research to people of Mexican origin in the United States.</p><p class="Pa7"><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from adapted P-BAS questionnaires in the TalaSurvey study, using standard methods to establish internal consistencies (Cronbach’s alpha), construct validity, and ascertain if the value orientation profile differed by ethnic group.</p><p class="Pa7"><strong>Results: </strong>In 2012-13, 505 respondents (mean age 45.2 ±14.1, 56% female) partici­pated: 250 European Americans (EA) and 255 people of Mexican origin (MA).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although internal consisten­cies of 15 value orientation measures were occasionally low, overall results were en­couraging. A weighted combination of value orientation scores strongly discriminated between EA and MA. Additionally, the pat­tern of relationships among MAs identified between acculturation scores and the valid­ity contrasts supported the construct validity of the proposed dual framework. The trend was particularly evident for most behavioral variables. <em>Ethn Dis. </em>2015;25(4):469-478; doi:10.18865/ed.25.4.469</p>

An Immigrant's Tale: The Mexican American Southwest 1850 to 1950

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Gratton ◽  
Emily Klancher Merchant
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Southwest ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Mexican Origin ◽  
Explanatory Factors

Recent scholarship on Mexican Americans in the United States, relying largely on qualitative evidence, sees racism and exploitation as the major explanatory factors in their history. Using representative samples of persons of Mexican origin, we argue that immigration is fundamental to their historical experience. A small, beleaguered community in 1850, the Mexican-origin population grew during the late nineteenth century due to greater security under US jurisdiction. However, immigration between 1900 and 1930 created a Southwest broadly identified with persons of Mexican origin. Economic development in Mexico, restriction of European immigration to the United States, and extreme cross-border wage differentials prompted extensive emigration. Despite low human capital, circular migration, and discrimination, immigrant Mexicans earned substantially higher wages than workers in Mexico or native-born Hispanics in the United States. They followed typical immigrant paths toward urban areas with high wages. Prior to 1930, their marked tendency to repatriate was not “constructed” or compelled by the state or employers, but fit a conventional immigrant strategy. During the Depression, many persons of Mexican origin migrated to Mexico; some were deported or coerced, but others followed this well-established repatriation strategy. The remaining Mexican-origin population, increasingly native born, enjoyed extraordinary socioeconomic gains in the 1940s; upward mobility, their family forms, and rising political activity resembled those of previous immigrant-origin communities. In the same decade, however, the Bracero Program prompted mass illegal immigration and mass deportation, a pattern replicated throughout the late twentieth century. These conditions repeatedly replenished ethnicity and reignited nativism, presenting a challenge not faced by any other immigrant group in US history.

Psychometric Properties of the Abbreviated Multidimensional Acculturation Scale and the Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure With Japanese Sojourners

Assessment ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Miyoshi ◽  
Kimberly Asner-Self ◽  
Sheng Yanyan ◽  
Jennifer M. Koran
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Japanese Version ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure

The current study examined psychometric properties of the Japanese version of Abbreviated Multidimensional Acculturation Scale (AMAS-ZABB-JP) and the 20-item Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure (MEIM-JP) with 273 Japanese sojourners and immigrants to the United States. The theoretical six-factor structure for the AMAS-JP and two-factor structure for the MEIM-JP was consistent with the literature. The subscales of the AMAS and MEIM showed expected patterns of correlation with each other and with additional variables (i.e., number of years in the United States), providing evidence for construct validity. Cronbach’s alpha reflected high levels of reliability for both scales. Despite strong psychometric findings, there were translational and cultural-based findings that suggest the need for further research.

Overeducation and the Earnings of Black, Hispanic, and White Male Workers

1988 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard R. Verdugo ◽  
Naomi Turner Verdugo
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Puerto Ricans ◽  
White Male ◽  
The United States ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Male Workers ◽  
White Minority

This study addresses two issues: (1) the impact of overeducation on the earnings of male workers in the United States, and (2) white-minority earnings differences among males. Given that educational attainment levels are increasing among workers, there is some suspicion that earnings returns to education are not as great as might be expected. This topic is examined by including an overeducation variable in an earnings function. Regarding the second issue addressed in this article, little is actually known about white-minority differences because the bulk of such research compares whites and blacks. By including selected Hispanic groups in this analysis (Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans, Cubans, and Other Hispanics) we are able to assess white-minority earnings differences to a greater degree. Using data from a 5% sample of the 1980 census to estimate an earnings function, we find that overeducated workers earn less than either undereducated or adequately educated workers. Second, we find that there are substantial earnings differences between whites and minorities, and, also, between the five minority groups examined.

Good Neighbor in the American Historical Imagination: Mexican American Intellectual Thought in the Fight for Civil Rights, 1930s–1940s

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
The United States ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Historical Imagination ◽  
American Intellectual ◽  
Good Neighbor

Abstract This article argues that historical narrative has held a significant role in Mexican American identity formation and civil rights activism by examining the way Mexican Americans in the 1930s and 1940s used history to claim full citizenship status in Texas. In particular, it centers on how George I. Sánchez (1906–1972), a scholar of Latin American education, revised historical narrative by weaving history and foreign policy together through a pragmatic lens. To educators and federal officials, Sánchez used this revisionist history to advocate for Mexican Americans, insisting that the Good Neighbor policy presented the United States with the chance to translate into reality the democratic ideals long professed in the American historical imagination. The example of Sánchez also prompts us to reexamine the historiography in our present day: How do we define the tradition and trajectory of Mexican American intellectual thought in U.S. history? This article posits that when Sánchez and other Mexican Americans thought about their community’s collective identity and civil rights issues through history, they were contributing to a longer conversation driven by questions about identity formation and equality that first emerged at the end of the U.S. War with Mexico in 1848. These questions remain salient in the present, indicating the need for a historiographic examination that will change how we imagine the tradition of intellectual thought in the United States.

scholarly journals Reliability and validity of an instrument that measures the willingness to emigrate

Psychologia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Celia Yaneth Quiroz Campas ◽  
Eyder Bolivar Mojica ◽  
Margarita Juárez Nájera ◽  
Jorge Hernández Valdés ◽  
Cruz García Lirios
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
Strategic Alliance ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public University ◽  
Selection Of

Provisions for migration underlie asymmetric relations between sending and receiving countries, such as the cases of Mexico and the United States of America, although studies focus on stigma. The objective of this study was to establish the reliability and construct validity of an instrument that measures the phenomenon. A transversal and exploratory work was carried out with a selection of 300 students, considering their affiliation to a public university in a strategic alliance with multinationals for vocational training. A structure of four factors related to risk, utility, hyperopia and identity was observed, although the design of the research limited the results to the research scenario, suggesting the extension of the work towards negative dispositions such as exclusion, discrimination and the stigma. Keywords: Migration, Identity, Hyperopia, Helplessness, Reliability.

scholarly journals Daily and Nondaily Smoking Varies by Acculturation among English-Speaking, US Latino Men and Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Pulvers ◽  
A. Paula Cupertino ◽  
Taneisha S. Scheuermann ◽  
Lisa Sanderson Cox ◽  
Yen-Yi Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
English Language ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
The United States ◽  
Latino Men ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Nondaily Smoking

<p><strong>Background: </strong>Higher smoking prevalence and quantity (cigarettes per day) has been linked to acculturation in the United States among Latinas, but not Latino men. Our study examines variation between a dif­ferent and increasingly important target behavior, smoking level (nondaily vs daily) and acculturation by sex.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An online English-language sur­vey was administered to 786 Latino smokers during July through August 2012. The Brief Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican Americans–II (ARSMA-II) and other accul­turation markers were used. Multinomial lo­gistic regression models were implemented to assess the association between smoking levels (nondaily, light daily, and moderate/ heavy daily) with acculturation markers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Greater ARMSA-II scores (rela­tive risk ratio, <em>RRR</em>=.81, 95% CI: .72-.91) and being born inside the United States (<em>RRR</em>=.42, 95% CI: .24-.74) were associated with lower relative risk of nondaily smoking. Greater Latino orientation (<em>RRR</em>=1.29, 95% CI: 1.11-1.48) and preference for Spanish language (<em>RRR</em>=1.06, 95% CI: 1.02-1.10) and media (<em>RRR</em>=1.12, 95% CI: 1.05-1.20) were associated with higher relative risk of nondaily smoking. The relationship between acculturation and smoking level did not differ by sex.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study found that among both male and female, English-speaking Latino smokers, nondaily smoking was associated with lower acculturation, while daily smoking was linked with higher ac­culturation.</p><p><em>Ethn Dis. </em>2018.28(2):105-114; doi:10.18865/ed.28.2.105.</p>

Grammatical change in borderlands Spanish: A variationist analysis of copula variation and progressive expansion in a South Texas bilingual enclave community

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Phillip M. Carter ◽  
Tonya E. Wolford
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
South Texas ◽  
Grammatical Change ◽  
Bilingual Communities

Abstract This study investigates variation in the grammatical system of Spanish in the speech of three generations of Mexican Americans living in a community in South Texas, United States, characterized by high levels of bilingualism and long-term, sustained contact between languages. Two variables are studied using quantitative methods: (1) the extension of the copula verb estar into domains traditionally confined to ser and (2) the expansion of progressive forms at the expense of the simple present. The data reported here suggest changes-in-progress that appear to be accelerated by the linguistic and sociocultural conditions of the community including, especially, lack of access to formal education in Spanish. The sociolinguistic patterning for these variables is compared to patterning for the same variables reported in the literature in both monolingual communities in Spain and Latin America and bilingual communities in the United States.

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