Risk Factors for Domestic Violence During Pregnancy: A Meta-Analytic Review

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lois James ◽  
David Brody ◽  
Zachary Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
Lower Education Level ◽  
Analytic Review ◽  
Abuse During Pregnancy

This article presents the results of a meta-analysis of the existing research literature, in an effort to increase our understanding of the prevalence of domestic violence (DV) among pregnant women, and of risk factors associated with DV during pregnancy. Across 92 independent studies, the average reported prevalence of emotional abuse was 28.4%, physical abuse was 13.8%, and sexual abuse was 8.0%. Composite odds ratio effect sizes were calculated for the demographic, behavioral, and social risk factors identified by 55 independent studies. Both victimization and perpetration risk factors were analyzed. Abuse before pregnancy and lower education level were found to be strong predictors of abuse during pregnancy. Pregnancy being unintended by either the victim or the perpetrator, lower socioeconomic status, and being unmarried were found to be moderate predictors of abuse during pregnancy.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIAL RISK FACTORS ON VIOLENT CRIMES OF JUVENILES

2021 ◽  
pp. 153-161
Author(s):  
Ayhan ERBAY ◽  
Ezgi ILDIRIM ÖZCAN
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Violent Crime ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
Violent Crimes ◽  
The Family

Introduction: The involvement of children in violent crimes as a perpetrator gets the attention of both researchers and society. The purpose of the study is to identify the risk factors that distinguish juveniles in terms of violent crime. The criminal behavior children were examined in two categories in this study. The first category is composed of non-violent crimes against individuals such as larcency, drug use, opposition to the law of meetings and demonstrations. The second category consists of crimes involving intensive violence against individuals such as armed robbery, felonious injury, murder, and sexual assault. Method: Within the scope of the study 940 court files of the juveniles, which are adjudicated between 2015 and 2019 in the Istanbul Courthouse Jurisdiction, were selected randomly. Available information about children in the court file recorded retrospectively. Individual (gender, age at the date of crime, substance use, working in a job, self-harming behavior, run away from home and previous crime history) and social risk factors (duration of education, risky peer, parental education level, working parent, parental crime history, family type, number of siblings, sibling crime history, sibling substance abuse, domestic violence, sharing problems with the family, total monthly income of the family, domestic migration) was compiled using binary coding system. The factors affecting violent crime were determined by logistic regression analysis. Findings: It was found that individual risk factors consist of being male gender, age at the date of crime, substance use, working in a job and run away from home. Whereas the context of social risk factors, it was found that the father's job, father's history of crime and not sharing personal troubles with the family predicted violent crimes. When the researchers put both groups into analysis at the same time, they found that being male gender, age at the date of crime, working in a job, a runaway from home, domestic violence, sharing personal problems with the family have predicted violence. Result: As a result, both individual and social risk factors have been found effective in dragging children to violent crimes.

scholarly journals The association between socioeconomic status and pandemic influenza: Systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0244346
Author(s):  
Svenn-Erik Mamelund ◽  
Clare Shelley-Egan ◽  
Ole Rogeberg
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Social Risk Factors

Background The objective of this study is to document whether and to what extent there is an association between socioeconomic status (SES) and disease outcomes in the last five influenza pandemics. Methods/principle findings The review included studies published in English, Danish, Norwegian and Swedish. Records were identified through systematic literature searches in six databases. We summarized results narratively and through meta-analytic strategies. Only studies for the 1918 and 2009 pandemics were identified. Of 14 studies on the 2009 pandemic including data on both medical and social risk factors, after controlling for medical risk factors 8 demonstrated independent impact of SES. In the random effect analysis of 46 estimates from 35 studies we found a pooled mean odds ratio of 1.4 (95% CI: 1.2–1.7, p < 0.001), comparing the lowest to the highest SES, but with substantial effect heterogeneity across studies,–reflecting differences in outcome measures and definitions of case and control samples. Analyses by pandemic period (1918 or 2009) and by level of SES measure (individual or ecological) indicated no differences along these dimensions. Studies using healthy controls tended to document that low SES was associated with worse influenza outcome, and studies using infected controls find low SES associated with more severe outcomes. A few studies compared severe outcomes (ICU or death) to hospital admissions but these did not find significant SES associations in any direction. Studies with more unusual comparisons (e.g., pandemic vs seasonal influenza, seasonal influenza vs other patient groups) reported no or negative non-significant associations. Conclusions/significance We found that SES was significantly associated with pandemic influenza outcomes with people of lower SES having the highest disease burden in both 1918 and 2009. To prepare for future pandemics, we must consider social vulnerability. The protocol for this study has been registered in PROSPERO (ref. no 87922) and has been published Mamelund et al. (2019).

scholarly journals Psychosocial risk factors for postpartum depression in Chinese women: a meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weijing Qi ◽  
Fuqing Zhao ◽  
Yutong Liu ◽  
Qing Li ◽  
Jie Hu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prenatal Depression ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Economic Foundation ◽  
Poor Relationship

AbstractBackgroundPostpartum depression (PPD) has been identified as a recognized public health problem that may adversely affect mothers, infants, and family units. Recent studies have identified risk factors for PPD in Westerners; however, societal and cultural differences between China and the West could, potentially, lead to differences in risk factors for PPD. No comprehensive study has been conducted to collect all the evidence to provide estimates of psychological and social risk factors in China. Therefore, this study aimed to quantitatively assess all studies meeting the review’s eligibility criteria and identify the psychological and social risk factors for PPD in Chinese women.MethodsThe following databases were used in the literature search from their inception until December 2020: PubMed, Embase, Foreign Medical Literature Retrieval Service (FMRS), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and China Biology Medicine disc (CBM). The quality was assessed through Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale. The I2statistic was used to quantify heterogeneity. We extracted data for meta-analysis and generated pooled-effect estimates from a fixed-effects model. Pooled estimates from a random-effects model were also generated if significant heterogeneity was present. Funnel plot asymmetry tests were used to check for publication bias. Statistical analysis was conducted using Review Manager version 5.3 software.ResultsFrom a total of 1175 identified studies, 51 were included in the analysis. Prenatal depression (OR 7.70; 95% CI 6.02–9.83) and prenatal anxiety (OR 7.07; 95% CI 4.12–12.13) were major risk factors for PPD. A poor economic foundation (OR 3.67; 95% CI 3.07–4.37) and a poor relationship between husband and wife (OR 3.56; 95% CI 2.95–4.28) were moderate risk factors. Minor risk factors included a poor relationship between mother-in-law and daughter-in-law (OR 2.89; 95% CI 2.12–3.95), a lack of social support (OR 2.57; 95% CI 2.32–2.85), unplanned pregnancy (OR 2.55; 95% CI 2.08–3.14), and poor living conditions (OR 2.44; 95% CI 1.92–3.10), mother-in-law as the caregiver (1.95; 95% CI 1.54–2.48) .ConclusionsThis study demonstrated a number of psychological and social risk factors for PPD in Chinese women. The major and moderate risk factors are prenatal depression, prenatal anxiety, a poor economic foundation, and a poor relationship between husband and wife. These findings have potential implications for informing preventive efforts and modifying screening to target at-risk populations.

scholarly journals Psychosocial Risk Factors for Postpartum Depression in Chinese Women: A Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Weijing ◽  
Zhao Fuqing ◽  
Liu Yutong ◽  
LI Qing ◽  
Hu Jie
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prenatal Depression ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Economic Foundation ◽  
Poor Relationship

Abstract Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) has been identified as a recognized public health problem that may adversely affect mothers, infants, and family units. Recent research has identified risk factors for this disease in Westerners; however, a comprehensive study has yet to pool all evidence to provide estimates of psychological and social risk factors in China. Therefore, this study aimed to quantitatively assess all qualified studies and identify the psychological and social risk factors for postpartum depression in Chinese women.Methods: The following databases were used in the literature search from their inception until June 2019: PubMed, Embase, FMRS, China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and China Biology Medicine disc (CBM). Meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan software. Study heterogeneity and publication bias were estimated.Results: From a total of 887 identified studies, 48 were included in the analysis. Prenatal depression (OR 7.70; 95% CI 6.02-9.83) and prenatal anxiety (OR 7.07; 95% CI 4.12-12.13) were major risk factors for PPD. A poor economic foundation (OR 3.50; 95% CI 2.92-4.20) and a poor relationship between husband and wife (OR 3.42; 95% CI 2.82-4.13) were moderate risk factors. Minor risk factors included a poor relationship between mother-in-law and daughter-in-law (OR 2.89; 95% CI 2.12-3.95), a lack of social support (OR 2.57; 95% CI 2.32-2.85), unplanned pregnancy (OR 2.55; 95% CI 2.08-3.14), mother-in-law as the caregiver (OR 2.5; 95% CI 1.67-3.74) and poor living conditions (OR 2.44; 95% CI 1.92-3.10).Conclusions: This study demonstrated a number of psychological and social risk factors for postpartum depression in Chinese women. The major and moderate risk factors are prenatal depression, prenatal anxiety, a poor economic foundation and a poor relationship between husband and wife. These findings suggest that prenatal prevention aimed at these risk factors is important due to the presence of many of these factors during the prenatal period.

An Approach to Selecting Single or Multiple Social Risk Factors for Clinic-Based Screening

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Steiner ◽  
Glenn K. Goodrich ◽  
Kelly R. Moore ◽  
Spero M. Manson ◽  
Laura M. Gottlieb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Social Risk Factors

СОСТОЯНИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ НАРКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ РАССТРОЙСТВ В КУРСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ И СОПРЕДЕЛЬНЫХ ТЕРРИТОРИЯХ В 2014-2019 ГОДАХ

Innova ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Владимир Игоревич Тимошилов ◽  
◽  
Альберт Генрихович Ластовецкий
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Drug Prevention ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
Social Instability ◽  
Lower Incidence Rate ◽  
Kursk Region ◽  
Active Substances

Period 2014-2019 characterized by a certain increase in social instability in Russia, which led to an increase of social risk factors for drug addiction. In the Kursk region, at the same time, there have been changes in the regulation of anti-drug prevention, a large number of specialists have been trained, and a movement of competent volunteers has developed. In this regard, the epidemiological data for 2014-2019 are of particular interest. For the period from 2005 to 2019 the primary incidence of alcohol use disorders in Russia decreased from 147.4 to 48.3, in the Kursk region – from 106 to 53.5 cases per 100 000 population per year. Of the adjacent regions in 2019, a lower incidence rate than in the Kursk region was noted only in the Belgorod region – 39.4 cases per 100,000 population. Primary incidence of disorders associated with the use of narcotic active substances, during 2014-2019 in Russia as a whole decreased from 15 to 9.8, in the Kursk region – from 11.3 to 4 new cases per 100 000 inhabitants per year. In 2019, the detection rate of primary incidence of drug addiction and substance abuse was significantly higher than in the Kursk region in Bryansk and Lipetsk. Despite favorable trends, it was noted that the coronavirus pandemic and the restrictions introduced to combat it can have a significant impact on the risk factors for drug addiction, which requires the adaptation of preventive programs to new conditions.

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