EMDR Target Time Line

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Lombardo
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Negative Cognitions ◽  
Time Line ◽  
Target Time ◽  
Core Theme ◽  
Visual Tool ◽  
Past Experiences

This Clinical Q&A section responds to a question about organizing a client’s historical information into a targeting sequence within a treatment plan that is consistent with Shapiro’s (2001) three-pronged protocol. The procedures for identifying and prioritizing treatment eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) targets are reviewed in the context of Shapiro’s theoretical model, and various time line models are summarized. The author then presents her EMDR TargetTime Line, which provides a practical simple visual tool for documenting past, present, and future aspects of the presenting problem. It allows the therapist to note if disturbing past experiences present around a core theme, such as negative cognitions, physical symptoms, or situations/persons/circumstances. Three clinical cases are used to illustrate the form’s application with various types of treatment targets.

The Seed-to-Weed Technique: Graphically Illustrating Symptom Etiology, Treatment, and Resolution

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kriss Jarecki
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Treatment Engagement ◽  
Treatment Progress

This Clinical Q&A article explains the seed-to-weed technique. This strategy offers an opportunity to help a client understand the problem and treatment approach and the ability to see progress in treatment. These crucial areas are important to treatment engagement and success, whether working with children or adults. An illustrated garden metaphor is used to guide a client to look at his or her life experiences and gain an understanding of how events have contributed to the problems and concerns that bring them into therapy. The seed-to-weed technique provides a graphic means of presenting trauma, a treatment plan, introducing eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), and tracking treatment progress. This article introduces and demonstrates the seed-to-weed technique.

Disconjugate Eye Movements during Electronystagmographic Testing in Patients with Known Central Nervous System Lesions

1975 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 368-373
Author(s):  
Joseph Kimm ◽  
James B. MacLean
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Eye Movements ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Motor System ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus ◽  
Ocular Motor ◽  
Measuring Techniques ◽  
Ocular Motor System ◽  
Cns Lesions

A tacit assumption underlying current ENG testing is that the eyes move conjugately. However, considering the intricate neuroanatomical pathways within the ocular motor system in addition to the elaborate vestibulo-ocular connections, we think it reasonable that disconjugate eye movements may result with certain CNS lesions. Recently we have employed independent eye movement measuring techniques in order to assess the movement of each eye separately during our ENG valuations. The preliminary work has revealed that disconjugate eye movements occurred even with extra-axial lesions which spared the medial longitudinal fasciculus. These data may be valuable for the neurotologist with regard to differential diagnosis and prescription of a treatment plan for the patient. The eye movement patterns of patients with confirmed CNS lesions and other interesting findings are presented.

What Is EMDR? Concluding Commentary by Greenwald and Response by Shapiro

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricky Greenwald ◽  
Ricky Greenwald ◽  
Francine Shapiro ◽  
Francine Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Empirical Basis ◽  
Traditional Process ◽  
Adaptive Information Processing ◽  
Emdr Therapy

This Point/Counterpoint concludes the interchange in Greenwald, R. and Shapiro, F. (2010) What is EMDR?: Commentary by Greenwald and Invited Response by Shapiro Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 4, 170–179. Greenwald Rejoinder: In this rejoinder, I highlight areas of agreement between Shapiro and me that were obscured by Shapiro’s (2010) response to my (Greenwald, 2010) commentary. I also address some of the erroneous statements made by Shapiro (2010) in her arguments against my positions. Finally, I summarize our disagreements, and again assert that until we have an empirical basis for preferring a particular theoretical model of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), it is premature for professional organizations to endorse Shapiro’s model. Shapiro Response: In response to Greenwald, I again confine myself to addressing some of the errors and misconceptions in his arguments in relation to important aspects of EMDR therapy, theory, and research. Further, contrary to his assertion, there is already a sufficient empirical basis to support the preferential use of the adaptive information processing (AIP) model from which the EMDR procedures were formulated. His argument against this position is antithetical to the traditional process by which foundational models are challenged, refined, or replaced. Implications are salient to both training and practice.

Palliative care issues encountered by radiation oncologists caring for advanced cancer patients.

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (31_suppl) ◽  
pp. 14-14
Author(s):  
Gregory Parker ◽  
Virginia LeBaron ◽  
Monica Shalini Krishnan ◽  
Ron Y. Shiloh ◽  
Margarita Racsa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Care Coordination ◽  
Radiation Oncology ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Spiritual Needs ◽  
Goals Of Care ◽  
Cultural Considerations ◽  
Ethical And Legal Issues

14 Background: Palliative radiation therapy (PRT) is often administered to patients with advanced cancers. These patients may present to radiation oncology clinicians with other palliative care needs. To date, the types and frequencies of palliative care issues encountered in this setting have not been well characterized. Methods: This study assesses palliative care issues encountered by radiation oncology clinicians during PRT consults at 3 Boston-area, community and academic, hospital-based centers. For consecutive consults from 5/19/14 to 9/15/14, participating physicians and nurse practitioners complete a survey to identify and rank the relevance (5-point scale, 'not at all' to 'extremely') of palliative care issues. Eight domains adapted from national palliative care guidelines – physical symptoms, psychosocial issues, cultural considerations, spiritual needs, care coordination, advance care planning, goals of care, and ethical and legal issues – are evaluated. Preliminary descriptive statistics based on 51 completed surveys are reported (response rate = 94%; anticipated sample size = 198). Results: Most (82%) consults had 2 or more palliative care domains ranked as very or extremely relevant to patient care. The domains of physical symptoms (92%), care coordination (75%), and goals of care (57%) were very or extremely relevant in >50% of consults. Within these domains, the issues most often reported as relevant were interdisciplinary care coordination (92%), consideration of prognosis in treatment plan development (86%), pain management (71%), and discussion of patient values and priorities in treatment plan development (67%). Advanced care planning (24%), cultural considerations (10%), spiritual needs (10%), and ethical and legal issues (10%) were least commonly ranked as very or extremely relevant. Conclusions: Radiation oncology clinicians encounter multiple palliative care issues when consulting on patients for PRT. Clinicians identified physical symptoms, care coordination, and goals of care as the most relevant palliative care domains. These findings can help guide palliative care development within radiation oncology, including education and structures of care delivery.

Attention, saccade programming, and the timing of eye-movement control

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph Radach ◽  
Heiner Deubel ◽  
Dieter Heller
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
Word Processing ◽  
Movement Control ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Time Line ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Saccade Programming ◽  
Time Requirements ◽  
Sequential Modeling ◽  
Temporal Overlap

E-Z Reader achieves an impressive fit of empirical eye movement data by simulating core processes of reading in a computational approach that includes serial word processing, shifts of attention, and temporal overlap in the programming of saccades. However, when common assumptions for the time requirements of these processes are taken into account, severe constraints on the time line within which these elements can be combined become obvious. We argue that it appears difficult to accommodate these processes within a largely sequential modeling framework such as E-Z Reader.

Visual Function: A Theoretical Model for Individuals with Low Vision

1983 ◽  
Vol 77 (8) ◽  
pp. 373-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne L. Corn
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Environmental Cues ◽  
Three Dimensional Structure ◽  
Visual Behaviors ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
Available Resources

One's ability to function visually is determined by many factors. A theoretical model is proposed that organizes these factors into a pliable three-dimensional structure composed of visual abilities, available resources and past experiences, and environmental cues. Professionals can use the model to postulate how to elicit visual behaviors or to maximize visual function in individuals with low vision.

scholarly journals The spatial distribution of attention predicts familiarity strength during encoding and retrieval

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Marie Ramey ◽  
John M. Henderson ◽  
Andrew P. Yonelinas
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Eye Movements ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Attentional Processes ◽  
Memory Processing ◽  
Memory Processes ◽  
Specific Memory ◽  
Conscious Recollection ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
Encoding And Retrieval

The memories we form are determined by what we attend to, and conversely, what we attend to is influenced by our memory for past experiences. Although we know that shifts of attention via eye movements are related to memory during encoding and retrieval, the role of specific memory processes in this relationship is unclear. There is evidence that attention may be especially important for some forms of memory (i.e., conscious recollection), and less so for others (i.e., familiarity-based recognition and unconscious influences of memory), but results are conflicting with respect to both the memory processes and eye movement patterns involved. To address this, we used a confidence-based method of isolating eye movement indices of spatial attention that are related to different memory processes (i.e., recollection, familiarity strength, and unconscious memory) during encoding and retrieval of real-world scenes. We also developed a new method of measuring the dispersion of eye movements, which proved to be more sensitive to memory processing than previously used measures. Specifically, in two studies, we found that familiarity strength—that is, changes in subjective reports of memory confidence—increased with i) more dispersed patterns of viewing during encoding, ii) less dispersed viewing during retrieval, and iii) greater overlap in regions viewed between encoding and retrieval (i.e., resampling). Recollection was also related to these eye movements in a similar manner, though the associations with recollection were less consistent across experiments. Furthermore, we found no evidence for effects related to unconscious influences of memory. These findings indicate that attentional processes during viewing may not preferentially relate to recollection, and that the spatial distribution of eye movements is directly related to familiarity-based memory during encoding and retrieval.

Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Treatment of Nightmares: A Case Report

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Woo
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Cognitions ◽  
The Third ◽  
Processing Treatment ◽  
Outcome Rating Scale

A single client with depression and chronic nightmares was treated with 4 sessions of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) and showed a decrease in nightmares and improvement in general well-being. The client’s 2 nightmare images were resolved following Luber’s (2010) protocol for nightmare processing. Treatment effects were measured with the Outcome Rating Scale and showed a shift from the clinical range at pretreatment to the nonclinical range at the third session. The ready improvement and gains of this patient have served to highlight various aspects of the EMDR procedures which have worked well for the client, which included targeting the negative cognitions surrounding the theme of helplessness as well as adapting the positive cognition with a collectivistic orientation.

scholarly journals Fear Generalization as Threat Prediction: Adaptive Changes in Facial Exploration Strategies revealed by Fixation-Pattern Similarity Analysis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lea Kampermann ◽  
Niklas Wilming ◽  
Arjen Alink ◽  
Christian Büchel ◽  
Selim Onat
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Similarity Analysis ◽  
Perceptual Similarity ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Pattern Similarity ◽  
Perceptual Continuum ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
Perceptual Factors ◽  
Harmful Event

AbstractAnimals can effortlessly adapt their behavior by generalizing from past experiences, and avoid harm in novel aversive situations. In our current understanding, the perceptual similarity between learning and generalization samples is viewed as one major factor driving aversive generalization. Alternatively, the threat-prediction account proposes that perceptual similarity should lead to generalization to the extent it predicts harmful outcomes. We tested these views using a two-dimensional perceptual continuum of faces. During learning, one face is conditioned to predict a harmful event, whereas the most dissimilar face stays neutral; introducing an adversity gradient defined only along one dimension. Learning changed the way how humans sampled information during viewing of faces. These occurred specifically along the adversity gradient leading to an increased dissimilarity of eye-movement patterns along the threat-related dimension. This provides evidence for the threat-prediction account of generalization, which conceives perceptual factors to be relevant to the extent they predict harmful outcomes.

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