scholarly journals The Impact Of Decision-Making On Production Activities

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Inagaki ◽  
Daisuke Doyo
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Control Theory ◽  
Control Model ◽  
Production Equipment ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Rolling Planning ◽  
Materials Planning ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Planning Production

This study used control theory to model sales planning, long-term planning, rolling planning, materials planning, short-term planning, manufacturing, delivery and sale, and investigated how factors required for decision-making in each planning phase impact the overall planning through simulations. To find the degree of impact each phase has on the overall plan, the investigation method involved used each factor of planning as a variable in the control model. And the differences in results between impacts, when simulated by individually making them into constants and when simulated as a variable, were calculated. The findings of this study are considered to contribute to enhance corporate competitiveness by enabling appropriate planning, production equipment and technologies for production activities which actually produce profit.

Disentangling media effects: The impact of short-term and long-term news coverage on Belgian emergency assistance

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 428-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen Joly
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Agenda Setting ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
The Political ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Media Attention ◽  
Emergency Assistance ◽  
The Impact

Whether and how media are able to influence policy and the political decision-making process is still the topic of much debate. However, if news media are indeed able to influence policy, they are commonly believed to do so indirectly through their agenda-setting function – by getting issues onto the political agenda after sudden peaks of attention. Yet, despite the assertion of agenda-setting theory that policy changes occur mainly through steady advocacy of policy alternatives, little attention has been paid to the long-term effects of media exposure. The analysis of emergency assistance in Belgium from 2000–2008 shows that short-term and long-term media attention to specific countries affect decision-making in quite different ways. This study reveals different ways in which media attention can impact policymaking, as short-term attention mainly determines which countries receive assistance, while long-term attention affects the amount of assistance granted.

Abstract WMP102: Development and Testing of a Web-Based Decision Aid to Improve Decision Making for Asymptomatic Carotid Disease

Stroke ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan Halm ◽  
Colin Nelson ◽  
Jasmin Tiro ◽  
Karen Sepucha ◽  
Kim Batchelor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Aids ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Carotid Disease ◽  
Asymptomatic Carotid ◽  
Web Based ◽  
High School Degree ◽  
Risks And Benefits ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Patients (Pts) with asymptomatic (ASX) carotid stenosis have 3 treatment (Rx) options (surgery[CEA], stenting[CAS], and medical therapy alone[Med],) each with its own risks and benefits (R/Bs). In prior work, many ASX Pts who had CEA did not understand the disease (Dz), their Rx options, and associated R/Bs. Decision aids (DAs) have been shown in other conditions to foster more informed Rx choices. Objective: To develop and assess the impact of a DA on knowledge of Dz, Rx options, and DA satisfaction. Methods: We created a multimedia, web-based DA to explain ASX carotid Dz, Rx options, and associated R/Bs. The DA was refined and vetted by experts in neurology, vascular/neuro-surgery, internal medicine, decision making, and patient education. The DA included: text, anatomic graphics, pictographs of short term and long R/Bs of CEA v. Med, and Pt and MD video testimonials. We tested it in an online Pt panel in those: 55+ yrs with ≥ 1 risk factor for carotid Dz (HTN, DM, CHOL, CAD, PVD). Post-viewing knowledge of key educational messages incl. Rx options, associated R/Bs, and DA satisfaction were assessed with validated instruments. Results: Overall, 1778 of 1843 completed viewing the 40 minute DA (96%). Mean age was 67 yrs, 51% female, 91% White, and 24% ≤high school degree. Pts correctly answered 68% of the 19 knowledge items. The DA was well-liked with mean score of 4.4 (out of 5) on a 10 item DA satisfaction score and 4.3 (out of 5) on a 7 item DA helpfulness score. Pts correctly grasped most gist messages including that: not everyone needed CEA (99%), there was no best Rx it depends on the Pt (92%), they had time to make a decision (86%), CEA can cause stroke (92%), CEA can cause death (91%), and carotid Dz can cause stroke (83%). They had trouble understanding the time trade of CEA v. Med-only 55% correctly said CEA was riskier in the short term, and 50% that Med was riskier in the long term. Overall, 74% said they would choose Med. Pts who were younger, female, White, higher education, or with family/friends with stroke or CAD had higher knowledge scores. Conclusions: A web-based DA was effective in conveying most gist messages regarding making an informed decision in ASX carotid Dz. The next step is testing the impact of the DA in Pts facing a real decision about revascularization.

SUMBER-SUMBER RESILIENSI PADA REMAJA AKHIR YANG MENGALAMI KEKERASAN DARI ORANGTUA PADA MASA KANAK-KANAK

Psibernetika ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Devina Calista ◽  
Garvin Garvin
Keyword(s):  
Late Adolescents ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Parental Affection ◽  
Resilience Factors ◽  
Childhood Violence ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Depth Interviews

<p><em>Child abuse by parents is common in households. The impact of violence on children will bring short-term effects and long-term effects that can be attributed to their various emotional, behavioral and social problems in the future; especially in late adolescence that will enter adulthood. Resilience factors increase the likelihood that adolescents who are victims of childhood violence recover from their past experiences</em><em>,</em><em> become more powerful individuals and have a better life. The purpose of this study was to determine the source of resilience in late adolescents who experienced violence from parents in their childhood. This research uses qualitative research methods with in-depth interviews as a method of data collection. The result shows that the three research participants have the aspects of "I Have", "I Am", and "I Can"; a participant has "I Can" aspects as a source of resilience, and one other subject has no source of resilience. The study concluded that parental affection and acceptance of the past experience have role to the three sources of resilience (I Have, I Am, and I Can)</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><strong><em>Keyword : </em></strong><em>Resilience, adolescence, violence, parents</em></p>

scholarly journals Analyzing Factors Affecting the Sustainability of Land Management Practices in Mecha Woreda, Northwestern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7007
Author(s):  
Habtamu Nebere ◽  
Degefa Tolossa ◽  
Amare Bantider
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Land Degradation ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
The Impact

In Ethiopia, the practice of land management started three decades ago in order to address the problem of land degradation and to further boost agricultural production. However, the impact of land management practices in curbing land degradation problems and improving the productivity of the agricultural sector is insignificant. Various empirical works have previously identified the determinants of the adoption rate of land management practices. However, the sustainability of land management practices after adoption, and the various factors that control the sustainability of implemented land management practices, are not well addressed. This study analyzed the factors affecting the sustainability of land management practices after implementation in Mecha Woreda, northwestern Ethiopia. The study used 378 sample respondents, selected by a systematic random sampling technique. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the quantitative data, while the qualitative data were qualitatively and concurrently analyzed with the quantitative data. The sustained supply of fodder from the implemented land management practices, as well as improved cattle breed, increases the sustainability of the implemented land management practices. While lack of agreement in the community, lack of enforcing community bylaws, open cattle grazing, lack of benefits of implemented land management practices, acting as barrier for farming practices, poor participation of household heads during planning and decision-making processes, as well as the lack of short-term benefits, reduce the sustainability of the implemented land management practices. Thus, it is better to allow for the full participation of household heads in planning and decision-making processes to bring practical and visible results in land management practices. In addition, recognizing short-term benefits to compensate the land lost in constructing land management structures must be the strategy in land management practices. Finally, reducing the number of cattle and practicing stall feeding is helpful both for the sustainability of land management practices and the productivity of cattle. In line with this, fast-growing fodder grass species have to be introduced for household heads to grow on land management structures and communal grazing fields for stall feeding.

Forecasting Revenue Impacts from COVID-19: The Case of Florida Municipalities

2021 ◽  
pp. 0160323X2110120
Author(s):  
Hai (David) Guo ◽  
Can Chen
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Fiscal Planning ◽  
Revenue Structure ◽  
Municipal Managers ◽  
The Impact

Early in the pandemic, Florida municipal managers indicated that forecasting the impact on local revenues was one of their top priorities in responding to the pandemic, yet such a tool has not been widely available. This study offers simple and straightforward fiscal planning guides for assessing the short-term and long-term impacts of the COVID 19 recession on local government revenues by estimating the revenue declines among 411 Florida municipalities from FY 2021 to FY 2023. The forecast results predict revenues will be reduced by $5.11 billion from 2019 pre-pandemic levels for Florida cities in fiscal years 2021 through 2023. The decline is forecast to be 3.54 percent in FY 2021, 4.02 percent in FY 2022, and 3.29 percent in FY 2023. The revenue structure matters for estimating the revenue decline.

scholarly journals Paleolithic Diet—Effect on the Health Status and Performance of Athletes?

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1019
Author(s):  
Barbara Frączek ◽  
Aleksandra Pięta ◽  
Adrian Burda ◽  
Paulina Mazur-Kurach ◽  
Florentyna Tyrała
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Paleolithic Diet ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this meta-analysis was to review the impact of a Paleolithic diet (PD) on selected health indicators (body composition, lipid profile, blood pressure, and carbohydrate metabolism) in the short and long term of nutrition intervention in healthy and unhealthy adults. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials of 21 full-text original human studies was conducted. Both the PD and a variety of healthy diets (control diets (CDs)) caused reduction in anthropometric parameters, both in the short and long term. For many indicators, such as weight (body mass (BM)), body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC), impact was stronger and especially found in the short term. All diets caused a decrease in total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG), albeit the impact of PD was stronger. Among long-term studies, only PD cased a decline in TC and LDL-C. Impact on blood pressure was observed mainly in the short term. PD caused a decrease in fasting plasma (fP) glucose, fP insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in the short run, contrary to CD. In the long term, only PD caused a decrease in fP glucose and fP insulin. Lower positive impact of PD on performance was observed in the group without exercise. Positive effects of the PD on health and the lack of experiments among professional athletes require longer-term interventions to determine the effect of the Paleo diet on athletic performance.

Methods to Reduce Traffic Speed in High-Pedestrian Rural Areas

2003 ◽  
Vol 1828 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Kamyab ◽  
Steve Andrle ◽  
Dennis Kroeger ◽  
David S. Heyer
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Speed Limit ◽  
Single Word ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Speed Reduction ◽  
Traffic Calming ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact

Many Minnesota counties are faced with the problem of high vehicle speeds through towns or resort areas that have significant pedestrian traffic. The impact of speed reduction strategies in high-pedestrian areas in rural counties of Minnesota was investigated. Speed data were collected at two selected study sites under their existing conditions ("no-treatment" or "before" condition) and after the proposed speed reduction strategies were installed. Second "after" data conditions were collected to study the short-term and long-term impact of the implemented strategies. The traffic-calming techniques employed at the Twin Lakes site consisted of removable pedestrian islands and pedestrian crossing signs. A dynamic variable message sign that sent a single-word message ("Slow") to motorists traveling over the speed limit was installed at the Bemidji site. The research study shows that the traffic-calming strategy deployed in Twin Lakes was effective in significantly reducing the mean speed and improving speed limit compliance in both the short term and long term. Despite proven effectiveness, the deployed speed reduction treatment in Bemidji Lake failed to lower the speed at the study site. The single-word message on the sign and the location of the sign, as well as a lack of initial enforcement, were the primary reasons for such failure.

Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on protected area management and conservation outcomes in Mexico

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Powlen ◽  
Kelly W. Jones ◽  
Elva Ivonne Bustamante Moreno ◽  
Maira Abigail Ortíz Cordero ◽  
Jennifer N. Solomon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Support ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Management Capacity ◽  
Focus Group Data ◽  
Technical Capacity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Relief Efforts ◽  
Management And Conservation

Protected areas (PAs) are under immense pressure to safeguard much of the world’s remaining biodiversity and can be strained by unpredicted events such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding the extent of the pandemic on PA inputs, mechanisms, and conservation outcomes is critical for recovery and future planning to buffer against these types of events. We use survey and focus group data to quantify the impact of the pandemic on Mexico’s PA network and outline the pathways that led to conservation outcomes. On average, across 62 PAs, we find substantial changes in management capacity, monitoring, and tourism, and a slight increase in non-compliant activities. Our findings highlight the need to increase short-term relief efforts and long-term livelihood diversification initiatives for communities dependent on tourism, who were most vulnerable during the pandemic. Increased management support, including technical capacity and financial resources, could also better sustain management activities in future shocks.

Does salience matter in investment decision?

Kybernetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 1894-1912
Author(s):  
Samra Chaudary
Keyword(s):  
Investment Decision ◽  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Individual Investors ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Multigroup Analysis ◽  
Money Managers ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The paper takes a behavioral approach by making use of the prospect theory to unveil the impact of salience on short-term and long-term investment decisions. This paper aims to investigate the group differences for two types of investors’ groups, i.e. individual investors and professional investors. Design/methodology/approach The study uses partial least square-based structural equation modeling technique, measurement invariance test and multigroup analysis test on a unique data set of 277 active equity traders which included professional money managers and individual investors. Findings Results showed that salience has a significant positive impact on both short-term and long-term investment decisions. The impact was almost 1.5 times higher for long-term investment decision as compared to short-term decision. Furthermore, multigroup analysis revealed that the two groups (individual investors and professional investors) were statistically significantly different from each other. Research limitations/implications The study has implications for financial regulators, money managers and individual investors as it was found that individual investors suffer more with salience heuristic and may end up with sub-optimal portfolios due to inefficient diversification. Thus, investors should be cautious in fully relying on salience and avoid such bias to improve investment returns. Practical implications The study concludes with a discussion of policy and regulatory implications on how to minimize salience bias to achieve optimum and diversified portfolios. Originality/value The study has significantly contributed to the growing body of applied behavioral research in the discipline of finance.

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