scholarly journals Contributions of Charcoal Production to Socio-Economic Activities of Rural Dwellers in the Rain Forest Agro-Ecological Zone of Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eniola PO
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Ecological Zone ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Charcoal Production ◽  
Rural Dwellers

scholarly journals Examining the Relationship between Commercial Charcoal Production and Socioeconomic Variables in Nasarawa State, North-Central Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Ekpo Abraham Salamatu ◽  
Ozim Chukwunonso Emmanuel ◽  
Adamu Tanko Ogah
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
State Government ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Charcoal Production ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Relationship

Charcoal is no longer a source of energy to only rural households but also a demanded commodity in urban areas around the world which has resulted in the commercialization of its production, particularly rural dwellers of developing countries such as Nigeria. Given the observed growing significance of charcoal in rural and urban livelihoods in Nasarawa State, this paper examined the relationship between commercial charcoal production and socioeconomic characteristics of the people involved in the activity. The study employed descriptive survey using both qualitative and quantitative data drawn from primary and secondary sources. Questionnaire was administered to 450 respondents randomly sampled from commercial charcoal producers drawn from 6 communities and 3 LGAs of Nasarawa State. Interviews and Focus Group Discussions were also conducted and the data obtained were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics in Microsoft Excel and SPSS (version 23). Results showed that commercial charcoal producers in the study area were mostly between 21 and 50 years with dominance of those between 31 and 40 (30.9%) while those above 50 years were least represented (6. 9%).There was slight dominance of women (52.4%) among the producers and the they were mostly primary (44%) and secondary (35.6%) school certificate. Majority (48.2%) had household size of 4 – 6 and more than half (52.9%) were married and earned 20,000 naira and below on monthly basis (46.4%). There is strong relationship between the socioeconomic status of the respondents and commercial charcoal production in the study area. Their socioeconomic status proved to have served significant motivation to their rising involvement in the activity. Also alternative economic activities that guarantees quick monetary rewards and is all age and gender engaging as well as requires no special skill and huge capitals for a start, should be planned for and introduced in the study area by the State Government.

Trypanosoma congolense: the distribution of enzymic variants in East and West Africa

Parasitology ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Gashumba ◽  
Rose D. Baker ◽  
D. G. Godfrey
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Ivory Coast ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Trypanosoma Congolense ◽  
Ecological Zone ◽  
East African ◽  
Glucose Phosphate ◽  
Kenyan Coast ◽  
East And West

SUMMARYA total of 114 stocks of Trypanosoma congolense originating from Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Zambia and Sudan, but including, for comparison, stocks from The Gambia, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Nigeria and Cameroun, were compared by isoenzyme electrophoresis for 6 enzymes. The zymodemes were grouped, both from a dendrogram and using a cladistic method, after calculating the dissimilarity, or distance, between profiles. Previous observations are broadly confirmed, the zymodemes clustering separately according to geographical origin and ecological zone. Thus, one group was composed almost entirely of East African stocks, and another of stocks from both East and West Africa, although each group was of savanna origin. A third group was composed of stocks from the humid, rain-forest zones of West Africa, and was particularly characterized by isoenzyme variants of superoxide dismutase and glucose-phosphate isomerase. Two stocks from the Kenyan coast formed a markedly separate group, which may be taxonomically distinct.

scholarly journals Health Effects of Charcoal Production as Perceived by the Rural Dwellers in Rainforest and Guinea Savannah Agro-ecological Zones of Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
O. Odebode, Stella ◽  
O. Eniola, Philip
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Charcoal Production ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rural Dwellers ◽  
Agro Ecological Zones

Aims: The aim of this study is to access the health effects of charcoal production (CP) as perceived by the rural dwellers in the study area. Study Design: Survey study. Relevant quantitative data on charcoal production were used. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in the Rainforest (RF) and Guinea savannah (GS) zones of Nigeria between 14th February 2012 and 1st November 2013. Methodology: Multiple stage sampling procedure was used to select a sample of 83 and 85 charcoal producers in the Rainforest and Guinea savannah zones respectively. Structured interview schedule data collected and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The study noted that the modal ages of respondents were within the same age-range of between 35 and 44 years. Male respondents were 88.0% and 90.5% from RF and GS respectively. Respondents (59.0%) in RF zone had primary school leaving certificate, while, about 30.6% in the GS attended Koranic School. Eleven was the mean years of experience for CP in the RF zone and 14 years for the GS zones. Hundred percent of the respondents used ancient earth mound method of CP and the respondents (36.1%.) from the RF zone had annual output of more than 128,000kg. Respondents perceived that CP may lead to skin and respiratory tract irritation/infection (72.3%, 57.6%.); CP may cause cut, crush and laceration of hand (78.3%, 69.4%.); burns (90.0%, 49.4%.); back and muscle pains (73.5, 70.6%.) and CP may lead to body wounds (73.5%, 58.5%.) in RF and GS zones respectively. Majority (84.7%) in GS and 84.3%. in RF perceived that CP had negative effects on the health status of rural dwellers. Significant difference was predicted in the health status of charcoal producers between the agro-ecological zones (F=3.124). There is the need for awareness campaign on health consequences of CP.

Problems of socioeconomic development of the districts of the central ecological zone of Lake Baikal in the Irkutsk Region, demographic and environmental factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 442-453
Author(s):  
Timur Miryazov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Ecological Zone ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Socio Economic Development

The article deals with the current demographic, economic, social, and environmental problems of three districts of the Irkutsk Region, which are part of the Central Ecological Zone of the Baikal Natural Territory. The study was conducted using statistical data from the Federal State Statistics Service, articles and monographs on the topic under consideration, data from sociological surveys, mass media, and information obtained during a scientific expedition to Lake Baikal, in which the author participated. The socio-economic development of municipalities within the boundaries of the Central Ecological Zone of Lake Baikal remains difficult due to environmental legislation that restricts the economic development of the territory. The inability to fully use land resources provokes the local population to migrate. Tourism is one of the few economic activities permitted in the coastal area of the Lake Baikal. Despite the growing number of tourists visiting the region every year, the weak level of economic diversification of the municipalities threatens the prospects for sustainable socio-economic development. The region risks losing most of its revenue in the event of political, economic, or epidemiological shocks. The development of other types of economic activities will contribute to the socio-economic security of the areas under consideration. This is also influenced by the demographic potential of the territory – the employment of local residents and the training of personnel will allow us to effectively implement alternative directions of economic development. It is also important to develop other types of economic activities in connection with the negative impact of tourists on the ecosystem of Lake Baikal. The revision of the approaches to the economic, social, and environmental policies carried out in the region is an urgent task today

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