Problems of socioeconomic development of the districts of the central ecological zone of Lake Baikal in the Irkutsk Region, demographic and environmental factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 442-453
Author(s):  
Timur Miryazov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Ecological Zone ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Socio Economic Development

The article deals with the current demographic, economic, social, and environmental problems of three districts of the Irkutsk Region, which are part of the Central Ecological Zone of the Baikal Natural Territory. The study was conducted using statistical data from the Federal State Statistics Service, articles and monographs on the topic under consideration, data from sociological surveys, mass media, and information obtained during a scientific expedition to Lake Baikal, in which the author participated. The socio-economic development of municipalities within the boundaries of the Central Ecological Zone of Lake Baikal remains difficult due to environmental legislation that restricts the economic development of the territory. The inability to fully use land resources provokes the local population to migrate. Tourism is one of the few economic activities permitted in the coastal area of the Lake Baikal. Despite the growing number of tourists visiting the region every year, the weak level of economic diversification of the municipalities threatens the prospects for sustainable socio-economic development. The region risks losing most of its revenue in the event of political, economic, or epidemiological shocks. The development of other types of economic activities will contribute to the socio-economic security of the areas under consideration. This is also influenced by the demographic potential of the territory – the employment of local residents and the training of personnel will allow us to effectively implement alternative directions of economic development. It is also important to develop other types of economic activities in connection with the negative impact of tourists on the ecosystem of Lake Baikal. The revision of the approaches to the economic, social, and environmental policies carried out in the region is an urgent task today

scholarly journals Migration in Modern Russia: Scope, Main Directions and Problems

REGIONOLOGY ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-158
Author(s):  
Nikolai A. Pruel ◽  
Lyudmila N. Lipatova ◽  
Valentina N. Gradusova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Social Difficulties ◽  
Migration Flows

Introduction. In recent years, many European countries faced with a significant influx of migrants have experienced economic and social problems. Although redistribution of population is an objective process, both personal and social difficulties can be associated with territorial mobility of people. Therefore, it is important to foresee the possible negative consequences of mass migration. The purpose of this piece of research is to analyze migration flows in modern Russia and identify possible threats to economic security and social stability associated with migration. Materials and Methods. The study employed the data from the Russian Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat), as well as papers by scientists involved in the study of the problem considered. The systematic approach and the methods of the demographic analysis, comparative analysis, content analysis, generalization and interpretation of the results were adopted. Results. Based on official statistics and expert estimates, an analysis of the situation in the field of migration in Russia has been carried out, the main directions of population redistribution have been identified, and the need for adjusting the socio-economic policy in the regions experiencing significant migration turnover has been substantiated. A set of measures aimed at reducing the emigration of young people from Russian regions has been proposed. Discussion and Conclusion. Conclusions have been drawn about the possible increase in the negative impact of migration processes on the socio-economic development of the Russian Federation as a whole as well as that of individual regions in particular. This requires detailed study of migration processes in order to take measures to optimize migration flows and adjust socio-economic policies. The results of the study can be used by the authorities when planning and adjusting socio-economic development programs.

scholarly journals Food Security is one of the Most Important Conditions for Economic Development

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasira Nazarmatova ◽  
Saule Ermekbaeva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Social Stability

Food security is one of the most important aspects of socio-economic development in Kyrgyzstan. Therefore, studies done in this field of research are of significant theoretical and practical interest. Resolutions of food security issues are one of the conditions for the preservation of state sovereignty, economic security and social stability in society, ultimately, national security. Food safety is important, in terms of strategic interests of the country, and its solution requires: to satisfy public demand for food products; providing industry with raw materials of local manufacture; preservation of social, political and social stability in society; to prevent dependency of the national economy on changes; conditions related to the world markets, the development of internal agricultural production, food and processing industry; neutralization of some import to ensure stable employment and income in rural areas; preservation of ethnic - national characteristics of the local population by creating opportunities for 'survival' of the village: prevention of major foreign exchange expenditure on food imports: the neutralization of the negative impact on the local food market crises in foreign countries - exporters and importers of food products.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF THE SHADOW ECONOMY ON THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliia Romanovska ◽  
Lily Strapachuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Shadow Economy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
High Inflation ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

The article considers the approaches to the interpretation of the category "shadow economy", which causes a variety of approaches to assessing the impact of the shadow economy on the socio-economic development of Ukraine. The spread of the pandemic and the complication of economic conditions, formed as a result of the introduction of forced restrictive measures, have led to the growth of the shadow economy in Ukraine. The index of shadowing of the economic sphere in relation to the inflation index and the level of the state budget deficit has been studied. The factors that led to the shadowing of the economy and caused the growth of the share of the shadow sector in the economy of Ukraine are highlighted. The main components of shadow employment are identified. Business entities operating in the shadow sector have significantly more competitive advantages and much higher efficiency than legally operating businesses. As a result, such enterprises are an obstacle to the flow of funds to the budgets of all levels of the country, and as a consequence, have a negative impact on socio-economic development in general. In recent years, state budget expenditures have been growing too slowly, which indicates a high level of shadowing of the economy in conditions of high inflation and, consequently, negatively affects the socio-economic security of society. Budget expenditures are closely linked to public policy, which allows the state to curb the level of economic shadowing through measures to reform relevant areas. It is investigated that the State budget expenditures grow too slowly, which indicates a high level of shadowing of the economy in conditions of high inflation. The paper substantiates the reasons for the growth of the shadow economy and identifies the main measures to reduce shadow employment, the manifestations of which are the deformation of social and economic institutions of the state. The de-shadowing of the economy provides citizens with the right to social protection, in the form of social guarantees in case of unemployment, temporary incapacity for work, accidents or occupational diseases during official work, pensions, etc.

scholarly journals TRENDS OF THE MUNICIPAL AREAS OF OMSK REGION DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF ECONOMIC SECURITY. ESTIMATION WITH THE APPLICATION OF GIS TECHNOLOGIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 446-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Korableva ◽  
O. G. Sheveleva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Visual Representation ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Gis Technologies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Regional Authorities

Introduction.The article is devoted to the revealing of the tendencies of social and economic development and to economic security of the territories. The research summarizes the concept of economic security of the territory and the ways of its evaluation, also presents the author’s methodology for determining the trends in the development of municipal areas by the context of economic security on the example of Omsk region.Materials and methods.Indices of economic security in the economic, social and financial spheres and an integrated index are calculated, basing on the data of the Territorial Body of the Federal State Statistics Service for Omsk Region, which characterize the socio-economic development of municipal regions. The grouping of the obtained values and their visualization with the help of GIS technologies helps to demonstrate the development tendencies of the municipal areas of Omsk region.Results.The article substantiates the ways of grouping the indices of economic security and their visual representation for assessing the trends of socio-economic development of municipal areas. As a result, the tendencies of social and economic development of the municipal districts of Omsk region in 20142016 are demonstrated in the context of economic security based on the author’s methodology.Discussion and conclusions.The revealed positive trends in the development of municipal districts’ economy of Omsk region are offset by negative trends in the social sphere. Therefore, most of the municipal districts of Omsk region are classified as “moderate implementation of threats” to the level of economic security in 2016. The revealed tendencies reflect problematic issues, to which the municipal and regional authorities of Omsk region should pay special attention.

scholarly journals Developmental Local Government as a Model for Grassroots Socio-Economic Development in Nigeria

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-61
Author(s):  
C Okafor ◽  
EEO Chukwuemeka ◽  
JO Udenta
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Population ◽  
The State ◽  
Present System ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Third ◽  
Socio Economic Development

In the past five decades of political independence in Nigeria, local government administration has moved from the colonial styled Local administration characterized by peculiar systems to the federating units to the present unified and standardized system that constitutionally recognizes local government as the third tier of government. As the third tier of government, local governments are entitled to a statutory allocation of national revenue and the carrying out of specific functions in response to local needs. The objective of the problem statement of this article is to show that the present system whereby, the Constitution gives the State governments the power to handle issues of organization and responsibility in the local governments places a strong limitation on local autonomy and governance at the local level. The abuse of these provisions in the Constitution by the State governments coupled with other issues such as low level of commitment to the people and lack of monitoring and evaluation are negatively affecting grassroots socio-economic development in the Country. Local economic growth and development is an imperative for overall socio-economic development of the Country (the local population presently faces high incidence of poverty, unemployment, lack of social infrastructure and low economic activities). It is in this context that the article prescribes a developmental local government model which has local economic development (LED) as ‘the mandate’ to address the concerns of poverty, unemployment and inadequate resources in the rural areas. The LED approach enables local governments to stimulate economic activities and improve the socioeconomic conditions of people in the localities by working in partnership with private and other non-governmental sectors.

scholarly journals Research on the Multisectoral Impact of Infectious Diseases on the Economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
Rustam Anzorovich Shortanov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Aggregate Demand ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Economic Activities

The purpose of the work is to consider the features of the multidimensional impact of the consequences of the spread of infectious diseases on the economic development of countries. The author concludes that the process of public health exposure to regional or global new and endemic infectious diseases may have broader socio-economic consequences that are often not taken into account when assessing risk or impact. With the spread of international travel and trade, such events can cause economic shocks that go far beyond the traditional health sectors and the original geographical range of the pathogen. Intensive economic specialization and a broader division of labor, accompanied by expanding markets and increasing economic globalization, increase the risk of people coming into contact with sources that contribute to highly contagious diseases such as influenza and COVID-19. The adverse economic consequences of new forms or types of these diseases can be serious, taking into account the high degree of interdependence of economic activities in the modern economy. For example, the absence of workers from work due to such infections or the risks of these infections can disrupt production at the workplace level. Also, supply chains can be disrupted or disrupted by these pandemics, and in addition, they usually have a negative impact on aggregate demand for goods. This is evidenced by the COVID-19 outbreak, which led to a serious global economic depression. The occurrence and consequences of epidemics and pandemics depend on the nature and stages of economic development. The economic and social structure of modern society contributes to the transmission of diseases that depend on human contact or presence, especially those that are caused by airborne microbes or persist on commonly used surfaces. The study concluded that public and private stakeholders at the local, national and international levels should work together to address the economic consequences of infectious diseases, to provide informed systems and risk and impact analysis, and to promote cost-sharing strategies for prevention and preparedness where possible, and to evaluate optimal intervention strategies when necessary. Developments related to infectious diseases in today's globalized world require increased responsibility for preserving people's health and economic security.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF TAX GAPS ON THE FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE COUNTRY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inna Tiutiunyk ◽  
Julia Belous
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Financial Policy ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Complex Concept ◽  
Tax Revenues ◽  
The Impact

Trends in the development of the main components of financial and economic security of the country indicate their significant variability and dependence on a combination of internal and external factors. An important place among the drivers of influence on the level of financial and economic security is occupied by tax revenues. Given the prolonged national and transnational market turbulence, which is observed in most sectors of the economy, one of the biggest threats to the financial and economic security of most countries is the presence of a significant volume of shadow operations. The consequences of their implementation are the lack of tax revenues in the budget and the reduction of the country's financial viability in financing economic development programs. The purpose of the article is to study the impact of tax gaps on the level of financial and economic security of the country. In the paper, the essence of the financial and economic security of the country, which is proposed to be understood as a complex concept, integrates the features of economic and financial development of the economic system. Based on the systematization of scientific literatures, the main tasks and functions of financial and economic security of the country including realization of goals and objectives of financial policy and formation of favorable conditions for economically sustainable development and growth, highlights the characteristics of this concept are substantiated. The paper identifies three characteristic features of the financial and economic security of the country: as an indicator of its ability to protect the interests of society in a volatile external and internal environment; economically sustainable development and growth; leveling threats to the internal and external environment. The role of tax gaps in reducing the level of financial and economic security of the country is substantiated, the probability of formation of tax gaps in the economy is predicted, measures to minimize tax evasion as components of increasing its financial and economic security are proposed. The established interdependencies should serve as a basis for the transformation of state economic and financial policy in Ukraine in terms of minimizing the negative impact of the shadow sector of the economy on the indicators of economic development of the state.

scholarly journals Diagnostics and monitoring of corruption threats to national security in the economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 120-125
Author(s):  
Yuriy Naumov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
National Security ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Strategic Analysis ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
State Scale

The article proposes a new methodological approach to understanding corruption threats to economic security on a national-state scale, based on the formation of a model for the system of strategic analysis, management and prevention of risks in the sphere of socio-economic development of the state. Underestimation of diagnostics and monitoring of recognition of corruption threats to national economic security in the context of an economic crisis may negatively affect the level of life support of citizens.

scholarly journals Applications of the Method of Statistical Equations of Dependences for Assessment of Correlation between Economic Phenomena when Justifying Management Decisions

2017 ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
R. О. Kulynych
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Life ◽  
International Comparisons ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Management Decisions ◽  
Technology Sector ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Economic Trends ◽  
Effective Use

Studies devoted to economic activities of business enterprises are aimed at finding correlations between various factors and indexes of effectiveness, outlining tendencies, developing economic standards and forecasting. The sustained socio-economic development in Ukraine can be ensured by creating stable market relations through attracting and effective use of foreign investment, deeper integration of industry and science & technology sector, expanding foreign economic activities and more effective utilization of the resource capacities at regional level. This raises the importance of statistical analysis allowing for quantitative and qualitative assessment of the phenomena and processes underlying socio-economic trends in regions, for ranking of the country’s regions and ranking of countries in international comparisons. As a consequence, statistical support becomes increasingly import ant for justifying and making of management decisions on socio-economic development . A statistical approach to justification of management decisions, including socio-economic programs, is developed by use of the method of statistical equations of dependences. Key theses of the method of statistical equations of dependences, developed by Professor O. Kulynych, are set out. This method is extensively used in Ukraine and beyond. It enables for quantitative assessment of correlations and tendencies of phenomena and processes in nature and social life. The main tasks dealt with by the method of statistical equations of dependences are solving direct and inverse problems; finding the intensity of the factors’ impact on the dependent variable; constructing graphs of multiple correlations and finding the weight of a selected factor; analysis of functional dependences and correlations; analytical computations on the basis of numerous and not numerous sets of input data. The main equations of the method that can be solved by software are linear, parabolic, hyperbolic and logical functions, of which a researcher can select the appropriate ones to study a process on the basis of the available parameters and criteria with use of comparison ratios.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document