scholarly journals Peningkatan Keamanan Pengiriman Pesan Teks: Kombinasi Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) 128 dan Least Significant Bit (LSB)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-120
Author(s):  
Yulia Fatma ◽  
Afdhil Hafid ◽  
Heru Oktavian Dani
Keyword(s):  
Text Messages ◽  
Cover Image ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Advanced Encryption Standard ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Important Thing ◽  
Insertion Process

Confidentiality in transfer the messages is an important thing to maintain. Increased security in transfer the messages can be improved using cryptography and steganography. This article aims to apply a combination of AES 128 cryptography and LSB steganography in an application, and measures the quality of the stego-image. In this article, the AES 128 algorithm is used for the encryption process of secret messages and the LSB algorithm for the process of inserting secret messages in the cover image. PSNR is used to measure the quality of the stego-image, by comparing the cover image and the stego-image. This research produces an application that can be used for the security of sending text messages by combining the AES 128 algorithm in the plaintext encryption and the LSB algorithm in the secret message insertion process. In term of measuring the quality of the stego-image, it was found that the character length of the secret message would have an impact on the MSE and PSNR values. This means, the longer the character of the secret message will affect the quality of the stego-image.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI STEGANOGRAFI TEXT TO IMAGE MENGGUNAKAN METODE ONE BIT LEAST SIGNIFICANT BIT BERBASIS ANDROID

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditya Aziz Fikhri ◽  
Hendrawaty Hendrawaty
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Cover Image ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Secure Data ◽  
Smartphone Technology ◽  
Rgb Images ◽  
E Mail

Abstrak - Informasi merupakan hal yang sangat penting dan berharga, dewasa ini informasi sering dipertukarkan melalui internet. Kemajuan teknologi smartphone terutama smartphone Android, memungkinkan penggunanya saling berkirim data/informasi melalui internet dengan mudah dan cepat menggunakan beberapa aplikasi yang ada pada smartphone seperti WhatsApp, E-Mail, Telegram, dan Facebook. Data/informasi yang dikirim melalui internet masih rawan terhadap pencurian dan penyadapan. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan cara untuk mengamankan data/informasi yang akan dikirim. Steganografi merupakan salah  satu teknik yang dapat digunakan untuk mengamankan data/informasi. Steganografi adalah teknik yang digunakan untuk menyembunyikan pesan kedalam suatu media seperti gambar, audio dan video. Penelitian ini membahas tentang implementasi steganografi  pada smartphone Android yang dapat digunakan menyembunyikan pesan teks ke dalam media gambar RGB 24 bit (cover image), dan dapat juga digunakan untuk mengambil kembali pesan teks dari gambar  RGB 24 bit yang telah disisipi (Stego image). Media Gambar yang digunakan sebagai input (cover image) berformat JPEG dan PNG. Algoritma yang digunakan untuk penyembunyian dan pengambilan pesan teks ke dan dari gambar adalah One bit Least Significant Bit. Dari 5 sampel pesan teks dan 5 cover image, penyembunyian pesan teks kedalam cover image berhasil dengan baik, dengan tingkat keberhasilan 100% dan waktu rata-rata penyisipan yaitu 0,009 detik. Dari 5 sampel stego image yang telah bersisi pesan teks, pengambilan pesan juga berhasil  dengan tingkat keberhasilan 100 % dan waktu rata-rata ekstraksi yaitu 0,0036 detik. Waktu yang digunakan untuk ekstraksi lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan penyisipan, output gambar yang dihasilkan (stego image) berformat PNG, dengan ukuran 900 x 900 pixel.Kata Kunci: Steganografi, Stego Image, One Bit Least Significant Bit, AndroidAbstract - Information is very important and valuable, today information is often exchanged through the internet. The advancement of smartphone technology, especially Android smartphones, allows users to send data / information to each other via the internet easily and quickly using several applications on smartphones such as WhatsApp, E-Mail, Telegram, and Facebook. Data / information sent via the internet is still prone to theft and tapping. Therefore we need a way to secure data / information that will be sent. Steganography is a technique that can be used to secure data / information. Steganography is a technique used to hide messages into a medium such as images, audio and video. This study discusses the implementation of steganography on an Android smartphone that can be used to hide text messages into 24-bit RGB image media (cover image), and can also be used to retrieve text messages from inserted 24-bit RGB images (Stego image). Media Images used as input (cover image) format are JPEG and PNG. The algorithm used for hiding and retrieving text messages to and from images is One bit Least Significant Bit. From 5 samples of text messages and 5 cover images, hiding text messages into the cover image works well, with a success rate of 100% and an average insertion time of 0.009 seconds. of the 5 stego image samples that have side text messages, message retrieval was also successful with a 100% success rate and an average extraction time of 0.0036 seconds. The time used for extraction is faster than insertion, the output of the stego image is PNG format, with a size of 900 x 900 pixels.Keywords: Steganography, Stego Image, One Bit Least Significant Bit, Android

scholarly journals A Hybrid Method for Payload Enhancement in Image Steganography Based on Edge Area Detection

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-107
Author(s):  
Nadia A. Mohsin ◽  
Huda A. Alameen
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Method ◽  
Binary Operation ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Embedding Capacity ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Prewitt Edge Detection

Abstract In this research a new method for increasing the embedding capacity in images based on the edge area is proposed. The new approach combines Canny and Prewitt edge detection techniques using OR binary operation. The secret message is concealed using the Least Significant Bit (LSB) method. Embedding capacity, PSNR, SSIM, and MSE values are used as evaluation metrics. Based on the resulted values, the proposed method showed higher embedding capacity while keeping the PSNR, SSIM, MSE values without major changes of other methods which means keeping the imperceptibility quality of the stego image.

Novel Multifold Secured System by Combining Multimodal Mask Steganography and Naive Based Random Visual Cryptography System for Digital Communication

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 5279-5295
Author(s):  
S. Jahnavi ◽  
C. Nandini
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cryptography ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Cover Image ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Digital World

With increase in growth of data and digital threat, demand of securing the data communicated over the internet is an essential play in the digital world. In the vision of digitalizing services with the next generation of security to the sensitive data transmitted over the internet by hiding the existence of the data using next generation cryptography by fusing cryptography techniques is one the major technique adopted. With this the aim in traditional Least Significant Bit (LSB) is one of the widely used technique. Where the secret message or image are placed in the cover image in the least significant bits of RGB Channels resulting in a stego image. But the drawback is, on suspecting the differences in the pixels of original and stegoimage in the secret data embedded can be guessed and extracted by attacker. The Proposed visual crypto-mask steganography method overcomes this drawback and support good payload capacity with multi modal approach of embedding biometrics, resulting in ∞ PSNR. The authenticated person face and fingerprint information is transmitted in a cover image and mask image (magic sheet) using proposed steganography and is combined with Random Visual Crypto Technique. Which results in enhanced and advance visual crypto steganography secured model in communicating sensitive (biometric features) information over the internet. Where the complete information cannot be extracted using only cover image. Mask image (magic sheet) is used along with cover image that reveals the secret data in the receiving end.

scholarly journals A Novel Bit-plane Compression based Reversible Data Hiding Scheme with Arnold Transform

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 417-423
Keyword(s):  
Reversible Data Hiding ◽  
Visual Quality ◽  
Cover Image ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Arnold Transform ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Image Dataset ◽  
Plane Compression ◽  
Bit Plane

Reversible data hiding (RDH) is an active research area in the field of information security. The RDH scheme allows the transmission of a secret message by embedding it into a cover image, and the receiver can recover the original cover image along with the extraction of the secret message. In this paper, we propose a bit plane compression based RDH scheme to hide a sequence of secret message bits into a grayscale image. In the proposed method, a selected bit plane of the cover image will be compressed using run-length encoding (RLE) scheme. Further, the RLE sequence has been efficiently encoded as a binary sequence using Elias gamma encoding method. The Elias gamma encoded bit sequence concatenated with the secret message bits are used to replace the selected bit plane after performing a sequence of Arnold transform. The Arnold transform helps to find a new scrambled version of the bit plane which is very close to the original bit plane to ensure the visual quality of the stego image. The RLE is a lossless compression technique, therefore recovery of the original image is possible by the receiver. The experimental study of the proposed scheme on the images from standard image dataset (USC-SIPI image dataset) shows that the proposed scheme outperforms the existing scheme in terms of the visual quality of the stego image without compromising the data embedding rate.

scholarly journals A new approach for enhancing LSB steganography using bidirectional coding scheme

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 5286
Author(s):  
Mohammed M. Saeed Abdullah Al-Momin ◽  
Issa Ahmed Abed ◽  
Hussein A. Leftah
Keyword(s):  
Private Information ◽  
Cover Image ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Fixed Size ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Coding Scheme ◽  
Private Data ◽  
Carrier Image

This paper proposes a new algorithm for embedding private information within a cover image. Unlike all other already existing algorithms, this one tends to employ the data of the carrier image more efficiently such that the image looks less distorted. As a consequence, the private data is maintained unperceived and the sent information stays unsuspicious.  This task is achieved by dividing the least significant bit plane of the cover image into fixed size blocks, and then embedding the required top-secret message within each block using one of two opposite ways depending on the extent of similarity of each block with the private information needed to be hidden. This technique will contribute to lessen the number of bits needed to be changed in the cover image to accommodate the private data, and hence will substantially reduce the   amount of distortion in the stego-image when compared to the classic LSB image steganography algorithms.

scholarly journals An RGB colour image steganography scheme using overlapping block-based pixel-value differencing

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 161066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiv Prasad ◽  
Arup Kumar Pal
Keyword(s):  
Cover Image ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Embedding Capacity ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Colour Image ◽  
Pixel Value ◽  
Block Based ◽  
Pixel Value Differencing

This paper presents a steganographic scheme based on the RGB colour cover image. The secret message bits are embedded into each colour pixel sequentially by the pixel-value differencing (PVD) technique. PVD basically works on two consecutive non-overlapping components; as a result, the straightforward conventional PVD technique is not applicable to embed the secret message bits into a colour pixel, since a colour pixel consists of three colour components, i.e. red, green and blue. Hence, in the proposed scheme, initially the three colour components are represented into two overlapping blocks like the combination of red and green colour components, while another one is the combination of green and blue colour components, respectively. Later, the PVD technique is employed on each block independently to embed the secret data. The two overlapping blocks are readjusted to attain the modified three colour components. The notion of overlapping blocks has improved the embedding capacity of the cover image. The scheme has been tested on a set of colour images and satisfactory results have been achieved in terms of embedding capacity and upholding the acceptable visual quality of the stego-image.

An Improved Method for Combine (LSB and MSB) Based on Color Image RGB

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (1B) ◽  
pp. 231-242
Author(s):  
Sally A. Mahdi ◽  
Maisa’a A. Khodher
Keyword(s):  
Color Image ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Cover Image ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Measure Entropy

Image steganography is the art of hiding data into an image by using the secret key. This paper presents two techniques that combine the most significant bit (MSB) as well as the least significant bit (LSB) based on a color image (24bit for RGB). The presented study proposes a novel method to combine (LSB and MSB) bits based on check MSB values and replace bits from LSB with a secret message. The result of this proposed method that made not affect quality stego -image based on the resulting histogram that shows a match between the cover image and stego- image and more secure because not hidden in all image. The factors were used Mean Square Error (MSE), Compute Payload, in addition to Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR). The PSNR’s rate is high and MSE is less. The result of this paper when applying on the different image gives high PSNR of 87.141 and less MSE of 0.00012 when inserting message 80 bits and reduction value PSNR of 72.023 and MSE of 0.0040 when inserting message 1200 bits and measure entropy is the same value for cover image and stego –image then this method is more security for the attacker.

scholarly journals Hybrid Image Steganography Method Using LZW and Genetic Algorithm for Hiding Confidential Data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulkarem Almawgani ◽  
Adam Alhawari ◽  
Wlaed Alarashi ◽  
Ali Alshwal
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Image Steganography ◽  
Cover Image ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Adjustment Process ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Lzw Algorithm

Abstract Digital images are commonly used in steganography due to the popularity of digital image transfer and exchange through the Internet. However, the tradeoff between managing high capacity of secret data and ensuring high security and quality of stego image is a major challenge. In this paper, a hybrid steganography method based on Haar Discrete Wavelet Transform (HDWT), Lempel Ziv Welch (LZW) algorithm, Genetic Algorithm (GA), and the Optimal Pixel Adjustment Process (OPAP) is proposed. The cover image is divided into non-overlapping blocks of nxn pixels. Then, the HDWT is used to increase the robustness of the stego image against attacks. In order to increase the capacity for, and security of, the hidden image, the LZW algorithm is applied on the secret message. After that, the GA is employed to give the encoded and compressed secret message cover image coefficients. The GA is used to find the optimal mapping function for each block in the image. Lastly, the OPAP is applied to reduce the error, i.e., the difference between the cover image blocks and the stego image blocks. This step is a further improvement to the stego image quality. The proposed method was evaluated using four standard images as covers and three types of secret messages. The results demonstrate higher visual quality of the stego image with a large size of embedded secret data than what is generated by already-known techniques. The experimental results show that the information-hiding capacity of the proposed method reached to 50% with high PSNR (52.83 dB). Thus, the herein proposed hybrid image steganography method improves the quality of the stego image over those of the state-of-the-art methods.

scholarly journals The use of Least Significant Bit (LSB) and Knight Tour Algorithm for image steganography of cover image

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 5218
Author(s):  
Soo Ann Nie ◽  
Ghazali Sulong ◽  
Rozniza Ali ◽  
Andrew Abel
Keyword(s):  
Cover Image ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Receiver Side ◽  
Test Image ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The Common ◽  
Lsb Technique

<span lang="EN-US">Steganography is one of the method to communicate in a hidden way. In another word, steganography literally means the practice of hiding messages or information within another data. Previous studies have proposed various steganography techniques using different approaches including Least Significant Bit (LSB), Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). However, different approaches still have its own weaknesses. Therefore image stenography using Knight Tour Algorithm with Least Significant Bit (LSB) technique is presented. The main objective is to improve the security factor in the stego image. Basically, the proposed technique is divided into two parts which are the sender and receiver side. Then, steganalysis which is a type of attack on stenography algorithm is used to detect the secret message in the cover image by the statistical analysis of pixel values. Chi Square Statistical Attach which is one of the type of steganalysis is used to detect these near-equal Po Vs in images and bases the probability of embedding on how close to equal the even pixel values and their corresponding odd pixel values are in the test image. The Knight Tour Algorithm is applied due to the common Least Significant Bit technique that is weak in security and easily decoded by outsider.</span>

scholarly journals Penyembunyian Pesan Rahasia Pada Citra Digital Dengan Teknik Steganograpi Menggunakan Metode Least Significant Bit

Respati ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Achmad Ardiansyah ◽  
Mepa Kurniasih
Keyword(s):  
Digital Image ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Digital Imagery ◽  
Pixel Size ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Processing Data ◽  
Confidential Data ◽  
Text Images ◽  
Insertion Process

INTISARI Pesan merupakan hasil dari pengolahan data menjadi bentuk yang lebih berguna bagi yang menerimanya yang menggambarkan suatu fakta yang digunakan sebagai alat bantu untuk pengambilan suatu keputusan. Sangat pentingnya isi pesan yang menyebabkan pesan hanya boleh diakses oleh orang-orang tertentu. Pesan yang merupakan aset bernilai seharusnya dilindungi agar aman. Steganografi adalah seni dan ilmu menulis pesan tersembunyi atau menyembunyikan pesan dengan suatu cara sehingga selain si pengirim dan si penerima, tidak ada seorangpun yang mengetahui atau menyadari bahwa ada suatu pesan rahasia. Pesan yang dapat disembunyikan berupa teks, gambar, suara, dan video.Melindungi pesan yang dirahasiakan dari orang yang tidak berhak salah satunya adalah teknik steganografi yang dapat menyembunyikan data rahasia. Teknik steganografi menggunakan metode Least Significant Bit (LSB) untuk memodifikasi bit-bit yang termasuk bit LSB pada setiap byte warna pada sebuah pixel citra digital. Bit-bit LSB ini akan dimodifikasi dengan menggantikan setiap LSB yang ada dengan bit-bit informasi lain yang ingin disembunyikan. Dengan adanya citra digital kita bisa memanfaatkan utuk menyisipkan pesan pada citra digital tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin besar ukuran pixel citra dan jumlah karakter, maka akan semakin lama proses penyisipan dan ekstraksinya. Dengan stego-image yang diperoleh secara citra digital memiliki tampilan hampir sama sehingga tidak terlihat oleh sistem penglihatan manusia.Kata Kunc – Citra Digital, Least Significant Bit (LSB),  Steganografi , Pesan ABSTRACTMessage is the result of processing data into a form that is more useful for those who receive it which describes a fact that is used as a tool for making a decision. The importance of the contents of messages causes messages to only be accessed by certain people. Messages that are valuable assets should be protected to be safe. Steganography is the art and science of writing hidden messages or hiding messages in a way so that in addition to the sender and the recipient, no one knows or realizes that there is a secret message. Messages that can be hidden are in the form of text, images, sounds, and videos.Protecting confidential messages from unauthorized people is one of the Steganography Techniques that can hide confidential data. The steganography technique uses the LSB (Least Significant Bit) method to modify the bits including the LSB bit on each color byte in a digital image pixel. These LSB bits will be modified by replacing each existing LSB with other bits of information that you want to hide. With the presence of digital images we can use to insert messages in the digital image. The results of the study show that the larger the pixel size of the image and the number of characters, the longer the insertion process and its extraction will be. With stego-image obtained by digital imagery it has almost the same appearance so it is not visible to the human visual system.Keywords — Digital Image, Least Significant Bit (LSB), Steganography, Message

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