scholarly journals Efficacité de deux méthodes de synchronisation des chaleurs à base de prostaglandine F2α chez le zébu (Bos indicus) Goudali

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-160
Author(s):  
Justin Kouamo ◽  
Toudjani Hassan Abouame ◽  
Oumarou Lebale
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Double Injection ◽  
Insémination Artificielle

L’étude a eu pour objectif d’évaluer deux protocoles de synchronisation des chaleurs à base de prostaglandine F2α (alfaprostol 2 mg), l’un court à injection unique et insémination artificielle (IA) sur chaleurs observées, l’autre long à double injection à 11 jours d’intervalle et IA à temps fixe 80 heures après la seconde injection. Elle a porté sur 72 vaches et 12 génisses de race Goudali, toutes cyclées. Les semences utilisées ont été celles des taureaux Bruns Suisses, Aubracs et Gascons. Le taux d’induction des chaleurs a été de 100 %, avec un délai de 2 à 11 jours postinjection pour la venue des chaleurs en protocole court. Après un minimum de 60 jours post-IA, une palpation transrectale a été effectuée, ainsi qu’un suivi des gravidités jusqu’aux vêlages. Les taux de gravidité, d’avortement et de vêlage ont été respectivement de 17,8 %, 13,3 % et 15,4, soit respectivement pour les protocoles court et long 30,8 %, 16,6 % et 25,6 %, et 6,7 %, 0 % et 6,6 % (p < 0,05). La durée moyenne de gravidité a été de 290 ± 4,5 jours, soit respectivement pour les protocoles court et long 290 ± 4,5 jours et 289,7 ± 5,8 jours (p = 0,181). Le poids moyen des veaux à la naissance a été de 22,9 ±1,4 kg, soit respectivement pour les protocoles court et long 22,9 ± 1,6 kg et 23,0 ± 1,0 kg (p = 0,319). La sex-ratio (% de mâles par rapport à la population totale) a été de 69,2 % (p = 0,6). Les animaux présentant une durée post-partum entre 5 et 10 mois, dont l’IA avait été pratiquée dans le corps de l’utérus et entre 16 et 17 heures après la détection des chaleurs, ont présenté une meilleure fertilité (p < 0,05).

Akodon molinae (Rodentia Cricetidae), a new laboratory animal: breeding, management and reproductive performance

1980 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Susana Merani ◽  
Marta Susana Lizarralde
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Laboratory Animal ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Animal Breeding ◽  
Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Sex Ratio At Birth ◽  
Breeding Management ◽  
Laboratory Colony

Akodon molinae, a vole mouse widely distributed in central Argentina, shows remarkable chromosome polymorphisms. It is one of the natural reservoirs of the actiologic agent of haemorrhagic fever, and a laboratory colony could be of great help in investigating this disease. Pregnancy lasted 23 (range 21-25) days. Litters of 4-5 young were born to monogamous breeding pairs about every 30 days, with weaning at 26 days post partum. The sex ratio at birth was 505 males to 500 females: at weaning it was 460 to 440. Sexual maturity was attained at about 16 weeks of age in males and 12-20 weeks in females. Akodon molinae is easy to handle, but fighting and killing or neglect of young are problems.

Reproductive Ecology of The Allied Rock-wallaby, Petrogale assimilis.

1996 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
R. Delaney
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Reproductive Ecology ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Embryonic Diapause ◽  
Minimum Age

Petrogale assimilis has a typical life history and reproductive ecology for a macropodid of its size. Both sexes are capable of reproducing continuously; gestation is about the same length as the oestrous cycle (approximately one month); a single young is born and, a post-partum oestrus and embryonic diapause probably occurs. The sex ratio of young is unbiased. Pouch young remain permanently attached to the teat until 110 - 143 days (n=11). Permanent exit from the pouch occurs at 180 - 231 days (mean=201 days, n=25), and weaning occurs between 267 - 387 days (n=5). Sexual maturity occurs at a minimum age of 17.5 months in females and 23 months in males.

Caractéristiques cliniques et profil évolutif des thromboses veineuses cérébrales au service de neurologie du CHU Tlemcen

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barka Bedrane Zahira ◽  
Karima Sifi ◽  
Yamina Bouchedjera ◽  
Khalida Boudaoud ◽  
Zekri Salima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Nous Avons ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Prise En Charge ◽  
Diagnostic Précoce ◽  
Patients Âgés ◽  
Thrombose Veineuse

Introduction - La thrombose veineuse cérébrale est une affection rare liée à une occlusion isolée des sinus duraux ou à une occlusion des veines corticales. Elle se caractérise par un polymorphisme clinique et radiologique. Notre étude a pour objectifs de décrire les caractéristiques cliniques et radiologiques, d’identifier les différentes étiologies, et d’apprécier le profil évolutif de la thrombose veineuse cérébrale au CHU de Tlemcen. Méthodes - Il s’agit d’une étude descriptive effectuée entre Avril 2016 et avril 2018. Nous avons colligé 96 patients, âgés de plus de 18 ans, pour lesquels nous avons étudié les paramètres épidémiologiques, cliniques, paracliniques et évolutifs. Résultats - L’âge moyen était de 36,65 ± 6,1 ans avec une prédominance féminine (sex-ratio homme/femme = 0,1). La présentation clinique était subaiguë dans 74% des cas. Le syndrome d’hypertension intracrânienne était le plus fréquent (75,6%). Le siège principal du thrombus veineux était le sinus sagittal supérieur (45%). Un infarctus veineux hémorragique était retrouvé dans 74% au scanner cérébral. Les étiologies étaient multiples, dominées par le post-partum (37,5%). L’évolution était favorable dans 75% des cas. Conclusion - la thrombose veineuse cérébrale est une affection relativement fréquente à Tlemcen et constitue un groupe étiologique non négligeable des maladies thrombotiques nécessitant un diagnostic précoce et une prise en charge en urgence.

Creep feeding and prepartum supplementation effects on growth and fertility of Brahman-cross cattle in the dry tropics

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 389 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Fordyce ◽  
NJ Cooper ◽  
IE Kendall ◽  
BM O'Leary ◽  
Jde Faveri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Post Partum ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Research Committee ◽  
Creep Feeding ◽  
Dry Tropics ◽  
Creep Feed ◽  
Short Period

Post-partum anoestrus is a primary contributor to low branding rates in Bos indicus cattle herds in the dry tropics of northern Australia [Entwistle, K. W. (1983). Australian Meat Research Committee Review No. 431. To increase branding rates, it was hypothesised that creep feeding for a short period in mid-late lactation during the latter half of the growing season may trigger an earlier onset of post-partum oestrus cycling, just as short-term, high-level, prepartum supplementation can achieve. Two experiments were conducted using Fn Brahman-cross cows (1/2, 5/8 and 3/4 crosses with Beef Shorthorn) which calved from late October to late Januarv. Cows were mated from mid-late Januarv to mid-April. Calves in one treatment in both experiments had ad libitum access to creep feed (calf pellets: 16% crude protein, 10 MJ ME/kg) for 4042 days from late February to early April. In experiment 2, the effects on cow growth and fertility due to supplementation with either cottonseed meal (1.5 kg/day) or molasses with 7.4% (w/w) urea for 49 days late in the dry season before calving ('spike' feeding) were also evaluated. Control cattle were unsupplemented. Creep feed was only consumed at 0.1 and 0.4 kg/day in experiments 1 and 2, respectively. Short-term creep feeding had no consistent effects on cow liveweights, condition, or fertility, or on calf growth and temperaments under extensive grazing conditions during the tropical wet season. Spike feeding reduced weight loss by 0.2-0.4 kg/day (P<0.01). The effects on liveweights did not persist into the wet season. There were no effects on cow fertility in this year of extreme weather conditions, when 4 months of nutritional and climatic stress followed supplementation.

Distribution, size and sex composition, reproductive biology and diet of sharks from Northern Australia

1991 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
JD Stevens ◽  
KJ McLoughlin
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Annual Cycle ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Austral Summer ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Size At Birth

The distribution, size composition, sex ratio, reproductive biology and diet of 17 species of shark from the families Triakidae, Hemigaleidae and Carcharhinidae from northern Australia were examined. In most of these species the sex ratio of the embryos is 1 : 1, whereas in the post-partum populations there were significantly more males than females. The results indicate four broad reproductive strategies among these sharks. In most species reproduction was distinctly seasonal with individual females giving birth each Austral summer (annual cycle) after a gestation period of 9-12 months. A second group had a very similar cycle except that individual females gave birth every second year (biennial cycle). A third group had an annual cycle but breeding was continuous throughout the year, these were mostly small bottom-associated sharks. One species had a seasonal cycle but gave birth twice each year (biannual cycle) after a 6-month gestation. The average size at birth varied from 27 to 75 cm and the average litter size varied from 2 to 34. The size at birth was about 40% of the size at maturity, which in turn was about 70% of the maximum size. Diets ranged from omnivorous to highly selective. Fish was an important component of the diet in all but one species. There was evidence of partitioning of food resources among sympatric, morphologically similar, sharks.

Influence of dietary cation-anionic difference on hematobio chemical profile, mineral metabolism, post-partum reproductive and productive performance of Hariana cows

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bokan Abhay Mohanrao ◽  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Debashis Roy ◽  
Muneendra Kumar ◽  
Mukesh Srivastava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Blood Calcium ◽  
Periparturient Period ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Mineral Mixture ◽  
Group Feeding ◽  
Periparturient Cows ◽  
And Performance

Eighteen multiparous periparturient Hariana cows (Bos indicus) (3-4 parity) in last month of their pregnancy were blocked into three groups (n=6) and fed for 30 days pre-partum to 30 days post-partum. The objective was to determine the effects of manipulating dietary cations and anions on hemato-biochemical profile, mineral metabolism and performance of cows. Nutrient requirements of cows were met by feeding concentrate and roughage. Varying levels of salt supplementation were used to formulate mineral mixture having DCAD of +11, +21 and +31 meq (Na+K - Cl+S) / 100 g of feed dry matter. Feeding DCAD of +11, +21 and +31 mEq/100 g of DM did not have any effect (P>0.05) on feed intake and body weight change during periparturient period. Blood calcium level was higher for the lowest DCAD (+11 meq/100 g of DM), suggesting that low DACD helps in mobilization of stored calcium in periparturient cows. pH of blood and urine increased curvilinearly with increasing DCAD and found maximum in +31 meq/100 g of DM DCAD fed group. Feeding of three different DCAD diets did not (P>0.05) have any effect on reproductive performance but milk yield was found significantly higher

Effect of body condition and energy utilization on the length of post-partum anoestrus in PRID-treated and untreated post-partum Bos indicus (Zebu) cattle

1997 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Mukasa-Mugerwa ◽  
D. Anindo ◽  
A. Lahlou-Kassi ◽  
N. N. Umunna ◽  
A. Tegegne
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Zebu Cattle ◽  
Body Reserves

AbstractForty-five Bos indicus (zebu) cows were blocked by body condition (BC) score at calving and allocated by body weight (BW) to three treatments: untreated controls (CON), and progesterone-releasing intra-vaginal device (PRID)-treated at either 45 (T45) or 60 days (T60) post partum. Cows were given food individually and blood-sampled three times a week for progesterone. Calves sucked twice a day and were weighed weekly. PRIDs resulted in only 21% of cows responding at 60 days and they did not reduce anoestrus (PPI) or calving interval (CI) (P > 0·05). Dry matter (DM) and metabolizable energy (ME) intake were 7·1 (s.e. 0·6) kg and 54·3 (s.e. 4·6) MJ/day, respectively. BC score and BW at calving, and ME intake influenced cow and calf average daily gain ranging from −580 to 625 and 331 to 868 g/day, respectively. Milk yield during the first 4 months was 507 (s.e. 97) l. Cows gained 25 kg per unit increase in condition but lost 50 kg for a unit decline. CI (mean 14·2, range 10 to 24 months) was inversely related to BC score at calving (r = −0·31) and was delayed by a long PPI (r = 0·51), ranging from 38 to 297 days. Most (95%) cows experienced one or more ‘silent ovulations’ before first oestrus, the number extending PPI length (r = 0·49, P < 0·001). Efficiency of ME utilization was higher for smaller cows of 240 (s.e. 28) kg at calving. It is concluded that: (1) PRID treatment before 60 days post partum is unlikely to reduce anoestrus in Boran zebu cattle; (2) given adequate energy intake zebu cattle in thin condition at calving initially replenish body reserves at the cost of lactation and experience more ‘silent’ ovarian activity before returning to oestrus; (3) cows in good condition at calving express maximum lactation potential, mobilizing their own body reserves to support milk production, yet resume oestrous activity earlier despite weight losses to support higher milk yields.

Prepartum supplementation effects on growth and fertility in Bos indicus-cross cows

1997 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 141 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Fordyce ◽  
L. A. Fitzpatrick ◽  
T. J. Mullins ◽  
N. J. Cooper ◽  
D. J. Reid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Calf Growth ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Calving Season

Summary. Three experiments were conducted in the dry tropics of north Australia using Bos indicus-cross cows. Cows in mid–late pregnancy were either unsupplemented during the late dry season or offered ad libitum (2 kg/day) molasses with 7.4% urea (w/w) (M8U) or cottonseed meal (1 kg/day) for up to 54 days commencing 2 months before the start of the calving season. Supplementation reduced weight loss in experiments 1 and 2 (P<0.05), but had no significant effect on weight or body condition in experiment 3. Supplementation had no effect on subsequent calf growth or cow lactation yields. Following early wet season rains in experiment 1, 9 and 49% of cows were ovulating 40 and 80 days post-partum, respectively, with no effect of supplementation. In experiment 2, 10 and 100% of cows had ovulated by 60 and 200 days post-partum, respectively. At any time between 80 and 180 days post-partum, supplemented cows were more likely to be cycling (P<0.05), independent of supplementation effects on weight or body condition. The average post-partum interval to oestrus was 30 days less in cows supplemented for 42 days (P = 0.08). In experiment 3, pregnancy rates in 1/2 and 3/4 Brahmans supplemented with M8U for 54 days (MU54) or whose calves were weaned at 2–3 months of age (WEAN) were 14% higher in the latter 2 months of mating than in cows supplemented for less than 40 days. Good seasonal conditions resulted in high pregnancy rates in all mature 5/8 Brahmans; when not weaned early, their average calving to conception interval (CCI) was 54 days (s.e. = 8.5 days). Pregnancy rates of first-lactation 5/8 Brahmans (average CCI of 125 days) supplemented for 39 days or less and weaned when calves averaged 6 months of age were 14–32% lower between 2 and 9 months post-partum than in contemporaries in the MU54 or WEAN treatment groups. It was concluded that dry-season supplementation of mid- to late-pregnant Bos indicus-cross cows with an energy concentrate for 42–54 days (‘spike’ feeding) may reduce post-partum anoestrus intervals via a mechanism which is not dependent on the effects on weight or body condition.

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