scholarly journals Samorząd terytorialny w poglądach Stanisława Podwińskiego

Prawo ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 324 ◽  
pp. 187-199
Author(s):  
Marek Podkowski
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
State And Local Government ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Executive Boards ◽  
Local Government Officials

Local government in Stanisław Podwiński’s viewsThe article presents the most important scholarly achievements of Stanisław Podwiński and his views on local government. Podwiński was not only a local government theorist but, above all, practitioner. This is evidenced by his work in various government and local government bodies as well as his instructions on how to elect municipal councillors and members of municipal executive boards as well as village, county and city councillors. The instructions were a kind of signposts showing those organising elections how they should proceed. Podwiński’s instructions were written in a manner that would make them useful not only to state and local government officials, professionally involved in the work of local government, but also to local government activists. The personnel of local government bodies included people who were not always familiar with the scope of responsibilities of the work, which was by no means easy. These publications were to help them discharge their official duties by introducing them to the local government system.Die Ansichten von Stanisław Podwiński zur kommunalen SelbstverwaltungIn dem Aufsatz wurden das wichtigste wissenschaftliche Werk von Stanisław Podwiński und seine Ansichten zu der kommunalen Selbstverwaltung gezeigt. Podwiński war nicht nur ein Theo­retiker der kommunalen Selbstverwaltung, aber vor allem ein Praktiker. Davon kann sowohl seine Tätigkeit in den Organen der Regierungs- und der Selbstverwaltung, als auch die von ihm vorbe­reiteten Anweisungen, wie die Gemeinderäte und Mitglieder der Gemeindeverwaltung, der Orts-, Kreis-, und Stadträte zu wählen sind, zeugen. Die Anweisungen waren ein spezifischer Wegweiser, wie die Organe, die die Wahlen durchführen, vorzugehen haben.Die Arbeiten von Podwiński waren derart geschrieben, damit sie nicht nur den Beamten des Staates und der Selbstverwaltung, die beruflich die Arbeit in der Selbstverwaltung ausübten, sondern auch den Selbstverwaltungsaktivisten dienen konnten. In die Organe der Selbstverwaltung kamen Personen, die nicht immer mit dem Bereich dieser Verantwortung und der nicht leichten Arbeit vertraut waren. Die Publikationen sollten ihnen die Ausübung dieser Pflichten erleichtern, indem sie ihnen die Struktur der kommunalen Selbstverwaltung nahe brachten.

scholarly journals Obowiązek dostarczania mieszkań na potrzeby osób wojskowych i cywilnych w latach 1919–1925 w świetle ustawodawstwa i orzecznictwa Najwyższego Trybunału Administracyjnego

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-187
Author(s):  
Marcin Konarski
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Judicial Decisions ◽  
State And Local Government ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Administrative Tribunal ◽  
The Way ◽  
Local Government Officials

The Obligation to Provide Housing for Military and Civilian Use between 1919 and 1925 in Light of the Legislation and Judicial Decisions of the Supreme Administrative Tribunal In connection with the dramatic shortage of residential accommodations in the first years of Polish statehood after the regaining of independence in 1918, the way to guarantee their provision for military personnel (officers and married non-commissioned officers) and civilians (state and local government officials) was a statutory obligation to provide them by means of legal administrative coercion. The aim of this article is to analyse issues relating to the requisitioning of flats, and in particular, to analyse the sources of legislation in this area at that time, and judicial decisions of the administrative court with regard to complaints made to this court in cases concerning these requisitions.

scholarly journals Moralizing Commerce on the Frontier

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-248
Author(s):  
Robert W. Wilcox
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Local Government ◽  
The State ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Local Government Officials

Beginning in the late nineteenth century a promising ranching sector developed on the Mato Grosso frontier with Paraguay. The most lucrative markets for cattle products were in neighboring Paraguay, Uruguay, and in the southeast of Brazil. For the most part markets were distant from the region of production, while fiscal revenues were always limited, hence the state attempted to impose its regulations and taxes as it could. Residents found their incomes were constrained at the best of times, and any “outside” impositions were simply obstacles to the prosperity of their communities and businesses. The result was that like similar regions across the globe cattle and cattle product smuggling became normal. The profits were significant enough that even local government officials were involved. The result was a long-running “battle” between the state and local producers to tap the potential promised by ranching that simultaneously promoted and inhibited the development of the region. This article explores these contradictory aspects of ranching settlement along the Brazil-Paraguay border.

Politics of Local Government Administration and the Challenges of Primary Healthcare System in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 96-108
Author(s):  
Olu Awofeso ◽  
Kingsley Ogunne
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Division Of Powers ◽  
State And Local Government ◽  
State And Local ◽  
And Performance

The degree of decentralization among federalist countries differs and this invariably demonstrates the dynamics of federalism in practice. The idea of federal system of government demands that there should be constitutional division of powers among the different tiers of government. To this end, in Nigeria, the federal, state and local government have their powers embedded in the constitution. However, the Nigerian constitution created much incertitude which allows local government to merely operate based on the reserved rights, disposition, prescription and discretion of the higher tiers of government. These constitutional uncertainties have no doubt created intergovernmental challenges and conflicts on areas of; tax jurisdiction, revenue allocation, fund transfers, illegal removal of government officials, autonomy, and inconsistent local government elections among others. Beyond these plaints which have been expressed in copious literature, this study tries to take further steps in analyzing how Nigeria’s intergovernmental status has impeded the operation and performance of primary healthcare system, which has invariably brought about poor health outcomes in the country, as evident in her pitiable health indicators. This work therefore establishes a nexus between local government decision space and primary healthcare systems in the country.

INITIATIVE BUDGETING AS AN INSTRUMENT OF TERRITORIAL SELF-GOVERNMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 77-90
Author(s):  
V. V. Vagin ◽  
N. A. Shapovalova
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Institutional Analysis ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
State And Local Government ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Government Initiative ◽  
Local Levels

The article is devoted to the actual issue – institutional analysis of initiative budgeting and territorial public selfgovernment, as well as the possibility of their integration. Over the past few years, a system of civil participation in budget decisions has been built in Russia, the regulatory framework of practices has been created, thousands of employees of state and local government bodies have been trained, project centers have appeared for ensuring development of initiative budgeting. Citizen participation in budget decisions can significantly accelerate the development of the lower level of local government. Initiative budgeting is an innovative instrument of public finance and at the same time a social technology allowing for the real involvement of citizens in the issues of state and municipal governance. Initiative budgeting development programs make it possible to transfer financing of projects aimed at solving local issues with the participation of citizens onto a systemic basis. The results and materials of this study can serve a foundation for theoretical understanding of the institutional development of public finances at the regional and local levels. At the same time, this practical area that was intensively developing in recent years requires deep institutional analysis.

A Comprehensive Review of the Evolution of Accounting Standards for State and Local Government Pensions and Other Postemployment Benefits in The United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-77
Author(s):  
Dale L. Flesher ◽  
Craig Foltin ◽  
Gary John Previts ◽  
Mary S. Stone
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pension Funds ◽  
Defined Benefit ◽  
Defined Contribution ◽  
Defined Contribution Plans ◽  
State And Local Government ◽  
State And Local

ABSTRACT Both the business media and the popular press have emphasized the underfunding problems associated with pension funds that are set aside for state and local government workers, a group that also includes teachers and professors at state-affiliated colleges and universities. The realization that pension funds are typically underfunded stems from the fact that the accounting standards associated with state and local government employee pension funds have led to greater transparency since 2011. This paper examines, explains, and interprets the historical development over the last 70 years of accounting standards for state and local government pension funds in the United States. Changing accounting standards, along with economic and social change, have led to consequences such as employers transforming their pension programs to avoid substantial costs and significant liabilities, for example by changing from defined benefit to defined contribution plans.

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