scholarly journals Bio-ketones from lignocellulosic biomass: experimental investigation on fuel properties, combustion and emissions characteristics of cyclopentanone blend with diesel in compression ignition engine

2017 ◽  
Vol 171 (4) ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
Omid DOUSTDAR ◽  
Miroslaw WYSZYNSKI ◽  
Athanasios TSOLAKIS ◽  
Hamid MAHMOUDI
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Conventional Diesel Fuel

Use of alternative fuels in compression ignition engines is the topic for many studies. This paper presents the results of lubricity, calorific value, viscosity, surface tension and density of a ketone blend with diesel to use as a fuel in compression ignition engine. Analyses of fuel properties are vital due to their effect on fuel system. In addition, this study is related to the development of future biofuels and it indicates the effect of oxygen double bond in molecular structure of ketones on important fuel properties. Cyclopentanone which has cyclic molecular structure was used; it can be produced from lignocellulosic biomass through various processing ways. This ketone was blended with diesel fuel at 10% vol. Results from fuel properties tests were compared to the conventional diesel fuel. In the next step this blend was tested in a research diesel engine to analyse its combustion behaviour and emission characteristics of exhaust gases; these results were compared with ultra-low sulphur diesel fuel. Results showed that cyclopentanone, as an additive to diesel, improved surface tension and density of the fuel but in contrast had negative effect on viscosity, lubricity and calorific value of the fuel, but still in the standard range. Combustion behaviour of this fuel in the diesel engine also showed longer ignition delay of ketone blend and also that gaseous emission such as CO and THC are higher than from diesel fuel and NOx emission is less than from conventional diesel fuel combustion.

scholarly journals A Multicomponent Blend as a Diesel Fuel Surrogate for Compression Ignition Engine Applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanjiang Pei ◽  
Marco Mehl ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Tianfeng Lu ◽  
William J. Pitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Combustion Model ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Combined Mechanism ◽  
Fuel Surrogate ◽  
Skeletal Mechanism

A mixture of n-dodecane and m-xylene is investigated as a diesel fuel surrogate for compression ignition (CI) engine applications. Compared to neat n-dodecane, this binary mixture is more representative of diesel fuel because it contains an alkyl-benzene which represents an important chemical class present in diesel fuels. A detailed multicomponent mechanism for n-dodecane and m-xylene was developed by combining a previously developed n-dodecane mechanism with a recently developed mechanism for xylenes. The xylene mechanism is shown to reproduce experimental ignition data from a rapid compression machine (RCM) and shock tube (ST), speciation data from the jet stirred reactor and flame speed data. This combined mechanism was validated by comparing predictions from the model with experimental data for ignition in STs and for reactivity in a flow reactor. The combined mechanism, consisting of 2885 species and 11,754 reactions, was reduced to a skeletal mechanism consisting 163 species and 887 reactions for 3D diesel engine simulations. The mechanism reduction was performed using directed relation graph (DRG) with expert knowledge (DRG-X) and DRG-aided sensitivity analysis (DRGASA) at a fixed fuel composition of 77% of n-dodecane and 23% m-xylene by volume. The sample space for the reduction covered pressure of 1–80 bar, equivalence ratio of 0.5–2.0, and initial temperature of 700–1600 K for ignition. The skeletal mechanism was compared with the detailed mechanism for ignition and flow reactor predictions. Finally, the skeletal mechanism was validated against a spray flame dataset under diesel engine conditions documented on the engine combustion network (ECN) website. These multidimensional simulations were performed using a representative interactive flame (RIF) turbulent combustion model. Encouraging results were obtained compared to the experiments with regard to the predictions of ignition delay and lift-off length at different ambient temperatures.

scholarly journals Analysis of Engine Parameters at Using Diesel-LPG and Diesel-CNG Mixture in Compression-ignition Engine

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Jukl ◽  
Petr Dostál ◽  
Jiří Čupera
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Measurement Equipment ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Positive Effect

This work is aimed on influence of diesel engine parameters that is used with mixture of gas and diesel fuel. The first part of the article describes diesel fuel systems where small part of diesel fuel is replaced by LPG or CNG fuel. These systems are often called as Diesel-Gas systems. Next part of the article focuses on tested car and measurement equipment. Measurement was performed by common-rail diesel engine in Fiat Doblň. Tests were carried out in laboratories of the Department of Engineering and Automobile Transport at the Mendel University in Brno. They were observed changes between emissions of used fuels – diesel without addition of gas, diesel + LPG and diesel + CNG mixture. It was found that that the addition of gas had positive effect on the performance parameters and emissions.

scholarly journals ENERGY ANALYSIS OF KARANJA OIL AS A SUPPLEMENTARY FUEL FOR COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
Biplab Das ◽  
Pradip Lingfa
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Energy Analysis ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Karanja Oil ◽  
Load Conditions

The paper highlights the results of an experimental investigation carried out on Karanja oil as a supplementary for diesel fuel in Compression Ignition engine. In the present study, triglycerides of Karanja oil is converted into mono-ester (biodiesel) using based catalyst transesterfication process. Karanja biodiesel is blended with petroleum diesel in the volumetric proportions of 2−10%. Results reveal that the performance characteristics of Karanja biodiesel blends are well comparable with diesel fuel. The emission characteristics such as CO, HC and smoke are found to be lower for Karanja biodiesel blends at all the engine load conditions compared to diesel fuel. Hence, it is concluded that Karanja oil at lower blends can be used in diesel engine without any substantial engine modification.

scholarly journals Effect of Adding RON97 Into Waste Cooking Oil as an Alternative Fuel for Diesel Engine

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.11) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Idris Saad ◽  
Wardatul Hayah Ab Rashid ◽  
Nur Hidayah Saidon
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Fuel Blend ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Blended Fuel ◽  
Blended Fuels ◽  
Conventional Diesel Fuel

Petroleum-based fuel reserves are drastically depleting due to a high demand on sustaining a better lifestyle. This paper presents the utilization of waste cooking oil (WCO) as an alternative fuel for diesel engine. Although WCO and conventional diesel fuel have similar physiochemical properties, the properties of WCO is considered inferior than conventional diesel fuel. It is due to higher viscosity and density of WCO while its calorific value is lower than conventional diesel fuel. In this research, unmodified WCO was blended with petrol fuel grade RON97.  Five blended fuels samples were prepared from five to 25 percent volume base with five percent step increment. The density and calorific value of all fuel blend samples together with unmodified WCO were measured and compared to the conventional diesel and RON97 fuels. Each of the blended fuel and conventional diesel were used to run a single cylinder diesel engine. The performance characteristic of the engine was recorded at different engine speeds ranging between 1500 and 3000 rpm. Results showed that the properties of blended fuel were inferior compared to the conventional diesel fuel; however, by adding 15 percent of RON97 into the unmodified WCO, the results were comparable to the conventional diesel fuel.  

Potential Utilization of Higher Alcohols in Unmodified Diesel Engine

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naveen Kumar ◽  
Sidharth Bansal ◽  
Vipul Vibhanshu
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Crude Petroleum ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Oxygenated Fuel ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

India does not have large reserves of crude petroleum and spends a huge amount of foreign exchange for importing crude petroleum. The environmental degradation caused by burning of petroleum derived fuels is also causing an ecological imbalance. Research is carried world over on renewable fuels which could either be used as an extender or substitute to petroleum origin fuels and in this context alcohols such as ethanol and butanol have an immense potential. The earlier work on use of alcohols as a blend with diesel in the compression ignition engine has suggested reduction in emissions, however, problems such as phase separation and increase in fuel consumption has also been encountered while utilizing ethanol in diesel engines. To alleviate this problem, isobutanol has the potential to be used along with ethanol to make a homogenous blend without any phase separation and simultaneous advantage of alcohol being an oxygenated fuel which shall improve the combustion and reduce emission. The present study was carried out to explore the potential utilization of ethanol-isobutanol-diesel blends (containing up to 20% ethanol-isobutanol mixture in equal proportions) in compression ignition engine. Three blends were prepared having 5%, 10%, 20% ethanol-isobutanol mixtures respectively and calorific value, kinematic viscosity; specific gravity and density of blends were found to decrease with increase in ethanol-isobutanol percentage. The engine trial was conducted on an unmodified diesel engine to evaluate the performance and emission characteristics on ethanol-isobutanol-diesel blends and results were compared with baseline data of diesel. The results obtained from the engine trial suggested that brake thermal efficiency (BTE) increased and brake specific energy consumption (BSEC) decreased for the blends and considerable reduction in carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) was observed with blends with a small increase in unburnt hydrocarbon (UBHC). The nitrogen oxide (NOx) and smoke emissions were also found to reduce for the ethanol-isobutanol-diesel blends.

scholarly journals Performance Characteristics of Pine Oil Mixed Diesel Fueled Single Cylinder Four Stroke Diesel Engine

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Ishwar Joshi ◽  
Surya Prasad Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Pinus Roxburghii ◽  
Engine Load ◽  
Single Cylinder ◽  
Pine Oil ◽  
Brake Mean Effective Pressure

 In this study, biodiesel from the stem of Pinus roxburghii was prepared by steam distillation process. Consequently, the physical and thermal properties of pine biodiesel (P100), and 20 % pine-biodiesel and 80 % diesel (P20) were tested on American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards. The test results confirmed that the thermophysical properties of pine biodiesel and its blend were suitable for the fuel in diesel engine without any modification in the test engine. Eventually, the engine performance and combustion parameters were evaluated for pine-biodiesel blend for 5 % biodiesel and 95 % diesel (P5), 10 % biodiesel and 90 % diesel (P10), 15 % biodiesel and 85 % diesel (P15) and P20, and compared with diesel on Kirloskar Single Cylinder Compression Ignition Engine for a compression ratio of 15:1. In the midst of those in different blends evaluated, P15 showed the better brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) i.e 18.75 % lower than diesel fuel particularly up to 50 % of the engine load. However, at higher load, decrease rate in BSFC of P15 fuel is lower than engine load up to 50 %. Similarly, brake thermal efficiency (BTE) of P15 increases to 13.5% mainly on 50 % loading condition of the engine. At above, increment rate of BTE of pine oil biodiesel compared to diesel decreases. The brake power (BP) and brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) of P15 also found nearer to diesel. However, the BP of P15 found higher compared to diesel in all loading conditions. Thus, from the experimental investigations, P15 blend of pine oil biodiesel was found to be amenable for its use in compression ignition (CI) engine without any modification, as the BTE and SFC were found to better and, BP, indicated power (IP) and BMEP were also found nearer to diesel fuel.

scholarly journals A Multi-Component Blend as a Diesel Fuel Surrogate for Compression Ignition Engine Applications

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanjiang Pei ◽  
Marco Mehl ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Tianfeng Lu ◽  
William J. Pitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Combustion Model ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Combined Mechanism ◽  
Fuel Surrogate ◽  
Skeletal Mechanism

A mixture of n-dodecane and m-xylene is investigated as a diesel fuel surrogate for compression ignition engine applications. Compared to neat n-dodecane, this binary mixture is more representative of diesel fuel because it contains an alkyl-benzene which represents an important chemical class present in diesel fuels. A detailed multi-component mechanism for n-dodecane and m-xylene was developed by combining a previously developed n-dodecane mechanism with a recently developed mechanism for xylenes. The xylene mechanism is shown to reproduce experimental ignition data from a rapid compression machine and shock tube, speciation data from the jet stirred reactor and flame speed data. This combined mechanism was validated by comparing predictions from the model with experimental data for ignition in shock tubes and for reactivity in a flow reactor. The combined mechanism, consisting of 2885 species and 11754 reactions, was reduced to a skeletal mechanism consisting 163 species and 887 reactions for 3D diesel engine simulations. The mechanism reduction was performed using directed relation graph (DRG) with expert knowledge (DRG-X) and DRG-aided sensitivity analysis (DRGASA) at a fixed fuel composition of 77% of n-dodecane and 23% m-xylene by volume. The sample space for the reduction covered pressure of 1–80 bar, equivalence ratio of 0.5–2.0, and initial temperature of 700–1600 K for ignition. The skeletal mechanism was compared with the detailed mechanism for ignition and flow reactor predictions. Finally, the skeletal mechanism was validated against a spray flame dataset under diesel engine conditions documented on the Engine Combustion Network (ECN) website. These multi-dimensional simulations were performed using a Representative Interactive Flame (RIF) turbulent combustion model. Encouraging results were obtained compared to the experiments with regards to the predictions of ignition delay and lift-off length at different ambient temperatures.

An Experimental Investigation of Diesel Engine Fuelled with MgO Nano Additive Biodiesel - Diesel Blends

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Vijayakumar C ◽  
Murugesan A ◽  
Subramaniam D ◽  
Panneerselvam N
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Compression Ignition Engines ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Nano Additives ◽  
Blended Fuels

In this experimental investigation compacts the performance and emissions of compression ignition engines fuelled with MgO nano additive, maducaindica bio diesel blends were examined. Based upon the previous literatures only 20% mahuca methyl ester fuel blends without nano additives is suitable for compression ignition engine without affecting engine efficiency and its characteristics. In this paper magnesium oxide nano additives are added into the 40% Mahucaindica biodiesel- diesel blends at the rate of 50ppm for developing the test fuels. In this nano additives improve the properties of diesel fuel like viscosity, calorific value and decreased the flash point and fire point. Then compared the performance and emissions differences of all blended fuels used as a fuel in a diesel engine. The observation of results, 40MgO + 50ppm blended fuels brake thermal efficiency is improved then CO, HC, CO2and smoke decreased compared to other fuel blends. The results are taken into account, a blend of 40MgO+ Mgo50ppm is the best blend ratio compared than other blends with nano additives.

scholarly journals Combustion Behaviors of a Compression Ignition Engine Fuelled with Mosambipeel Blends Pyro oil using Ethyl Ether as an Additive

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 6045-6049
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Pyrolysis Oil ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine

Diesel engines are principally employed in industries, transportation and agricultural fields because of their high efficiency and reliability. However, too much of smoke and nitric oxide emissions is one of the drawbacks. To regulate pollution and other negative effects of diesel engines, alternative fuels have come into existence. Ethanol produced from sugarcane in the biomass process is a recent example of it, due to its high octane number. But using raw ethanol is not a quality fuel for a solid ignition engine. It can be converted through a dehydration process to produce Diethyl Ether (DEE), which is an excellent compression-ignition fuel with a higher energy level than ethanol. DEE having a starting problem can’t be used directly in large amounts in diesel engines, but using it in small amounts is an advantage. This paper highlights the performance of blended pyrolysis oil with diesel fuel in the combination of DEE used in a mono cylinder four-stroke diesel engine. The pyrolysis process was used to extract the pyro oil from the Mosambi peel biomass. The oil has been extracted from Mosambi peel at the reaction temperature of 750˚C, in other words, the fast pyrolysis process. The study was conducted on composition of MDEE5 (5%MPPO+5%DEE+90D),MDEE10(10%MPPO+5%DEE+85% D) and MDEE15 (15% MPPO + 5%DEE + 80% D). Characteristics of the above combinations, MDEE5, MDEE10, and MDEE15 were analyzed and the properties like viscosity, density, flashpoint, fire point FTIR analysis of oils are also recorded. The blending of pyrolysis oil and DEE are mixed with diesel fuel with its volume. All the blended fuels were tested at 1500 rpm single-cylinder diesel engine. The maximum power output of brake thermal efficiency was recorded as 31.5% with MDEE5 as it was 30.0% with BD. The emission of smoke and NOx were considerably reduced

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