An overview of the effects of antibiotics and medicinal plant extracts on the human microflora

The biological interactions of the microflora in the human body are essential to maintain the somatic eco-physiological balance. Antibiotics, which are considered as a panacea against pathogens without knowing how it influences the microflora, could create a disease by disturbing the microbial ecosystem of the human body and develop new generations of antibiotics resistant pathogens. Medicinal plants could get rid the pathogens and also maintain the normal flora. There is a necessity to preserve the micoflora ecosystem, by means different approaches such as support the antibiotic treatment with some renovated compounds like natural medicinal compounds or probiotics, more comprehensive studies in this issue are badly needed.

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Medicinal Plant Extracts

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10050838 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 838

Author(s):

Laura Grațiela Vicaș ◽

Mariana Eugenia Mureșan

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Medicinal Plant ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Important Data ◽

Therapeutic Benefits ◽

Medicinal Plant Extracts

The therapeutic benefits of medicinal plants are well known and have been collected as important data on ethnomedicine [...]

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Medicinal plant extracts on the control of Diabrotica speciosa (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais ◽

10.1590/s1516-05722013000100020 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 142-149 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

F.S. Barbosa ◽

G.L.D. Leite ◽

E.R. Martins ◽

V.A. D'avila ◽

V.M Cerqueira

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Medicinal Plant ◽

Soybean Oil ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Chenopodium Ambrosioides ◽

Insecticidal Effect ◽

Medicinal Plant Extracts ◽

Diabrotica Speciosa ◽

Artemisia Verlotorum

The aim of this study was to evaluate the insecticidal effect of aqueous, alcoholic, and oil extracts from leaves of eight medicinal plants against Diabrotica speciosa prepared at five concentrations. The extracts that used commercial soybean oil as solvent showed the highest D. speciosa mortality due to the solvent itself, regardless of the used plants and their concentrations. Thus, commercial soybean oil was discarded as solvent since at these volumes it would cause serious phytotoxicity problems. After 24 hours of exposure of the pest to the extracts, the highest D. speciosa mortality values were observed for Copaifera langsdorfii and Chenopodium ambrosioides extracts, both in 5% alcohol, and Artemisia verlotorum, in 10% water. However, in the last mortality assessment (48 h), C. langsdorfii extract in 5% alcohol showed higher mortality of this pest, followed by C. ambrosioides extract in 5% alcohol, compared to the remaining plants.

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MEDICINAL PLANTS AND HEALTH IN HUMAN HISTORY: FROM EMPIRICAL USE TO MODERN PHYTOTHERAPY

Journal of the Siena Academy of Sciences ◽

10.4081/jsas.2018.8529 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Elisabetta Miraldi ◽

Giulia Baini

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Medicinal Plant ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

World Population ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Herbal Products ◽

Treatment And Prevention ◽

Medicinal Plant Extracts

Phytotherapy is the science that deals with the treatment and prevention of diseases through medicinal plants and herbal products. The use of herbs as medicine is the oldest form of healthcare known to humanity and has been used in all cultures throughout history. It is known that even today over 80% of the world population depends on herbal medicines. The quality of herbal medicines is believed to be directly related to its active principles, but herbal medicines can be variable in their composition. Therefore, it is necessary to use an extract that is well defined in its chemical composition and in the quantity of specific active principles; and actually, to obtain constant efficacy and safety, standardized medicinal plant extracts are being used. Clinically confirmed efficacy and best tolerability and safety of standardized or quantified medicinal plant extracts are the key for a successful phytotherapic approach.

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Towards Advances in Medicinal Plant Antimicrobial Activity: A Review Study on Challenges and Future Perspectives

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9102041 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 2041

Author(s):

Natalia Vaou ◽

Elisavet Stavropoulou ◽

Chrysa Voidarou ◽

Christina Tsigalou ◽

Eugenia Bezirtzoglou

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Medicinal Plant ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Mechanisms Of Action ◽

Future Perspectives ◽

Pharmacodynamic Profile ◽

Medicinal Plant Extracts

The increasing incidence of drug- resistant pathogens raises an urgent need to identify and isolate new bioactive compounds from medicinal plants using standardized modern analytical procedures. Medicinal plant-derived compounds could provide novel straightforward approaches against pathogenic bacteria. This review explores the antimicrobial activity of plant-derived components, their possible mechanisms of action, as well as their chemical potential. The focus is put on the current challenges and future perspectives surrounding medicinal plants antimicrobial activity. There are some inherent challenges regarding medicinal plant extracts and their antimicrobial efficacy. Appropriate and optimized extraction methodology plant species dependent leads to upgraded and selective extracted compounds. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests for the determination of the antimicrobial activity of plant extracts may show variations in obtained results. Moreover, there are several difficulties and problems that need to be overcome for the development of new antimicrobials from plant extracts, while efforts have been made to enhance the antimicrobial activity of chemical compounds. Research on the mechanisms of action, interplay with other substances, and the pharmacokinetic and/or pharmacodynamic profile of the medicinal plant extracts should be given high priority to characterize them as potential antimicrobial agents.

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Naja naja karachiensisEnvenomation: Biochemical Parameters for Cardiac, Liver, and Renal Damage along with Their Neutralization by Medicinal Plants

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2014/970540 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Muhammad Hassham Hassan Bin Asad ◽

Ghulam Murtaza ◽

Muhammad Ubaid ◽

Durr-e-Sabih ◽

Ashif Sajjad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Medicinal Plant ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Renal Damage ◽

Bioactive Compound ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Naja Naja ◽

Medicinal Plant Extracts ◽

Significant Release

Naja naja karachiensisenvenomation was found to hit more drastically heart, liver, and kidneys. 400 μg/kg of venom-raised moderate serum levels of ALT (72±4.70 U/L,0.1>P>0.05), AST (157±24.24 U/L,0.1>P>0.05), urea (42±3.08 mg/dL,0.05>P>0.02), creatinine (1.74±0.03 mg/dL,0.01>P>0.001), CK-MB (21±1.5 U/L,0.05>P>0.02), and LDH (2064±15.98 U/L,P<0.001) were injected in experimental rabbits. However, lethality was enhanced with 800 μg/kg of venom in terms of significant release of ALT (86±5.0 U/L,0.05>P>0.02), AST (251±18.2 U/L,0.01>P>0.001), urea (57.6±3.84 mg/dL,0.02>P>0.01), creatinine (2.1±0.10 mg/dL,0.02>P>0.01), CK-MB (77±11.22 U/L,0.05>P>0.02), and LDH (2562±25.14 U/L,P≪0.001). Among twenty-eight tested medicinal plant extracts, onlyStenolobium stans(L.) Seem was found the best antivenom (P>0.5) compared to the efficacy of standard antidote (ALT=52.5±3.51 U/L, AST=69.5±18.55 U/L, urea=31.5±0.50 mg/dL, creatinine=1.08±0.02 mg/dL, CK-MB=09±0.85 U/L, and LDH=763±6.01 U/L). Other plant extracts were proved less beneficial and partly neutralized the toxicities posed by cobra venom. However, it is essential in future to isolate and characterize bioactive compound(s) fromStenolobium stans(L.) Seem extract to overcome the complications of snake bite.

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