Doctor of souls and bodies: patriot, participant of Great Patriotic War Archbishop Luka

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
Elizaveta I. BAULINA ◽  
Vladimir A. USKOV
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Operating Table ◽  
World War ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Personal Accounts ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Party State

The purpose of the study is an attempt to give an objective picture of the relationship between the party-states of the AUCP(b)-USSR and the Russian Orthodox Church during the Great Patriotic War. We support the principle that history is a Man in it, focuse attention on the fate and activities of Archbishop Luke of Tambov and Michurinsk (V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky). The study used methods of content analysis, comparison and research of processes from “themselves”. This allowed to form a picture of the relationship between the Archbishop of Tambov and Michurinsk Luka with the party-state of the AUCP(b)-USSR during the Great Patriotic War on the basis of archival documents and the memoirs of eyewitnesses. We made an attempt to understand the difficult position of the patriot shepherd, who fulfilled his duty as a doctor of souls and bodies in the conditions of World War II with the enemy external and the struggle against the ideological, internal – ruling party-state. Archbishop Luke was an opponent of the party-Soviet system in the USSR during the first half of the 20th century and at the same time a patriot of his homeland, an effective participant in the Great Patriotic War. This allows us to draw the following conclusions: a) in the conditions of a military alternative, the patriot Archbishop Luka performed the feat of a doctor and a shepherd for the benefit of Victory; b) the tragedy of the Motherland and flock led him to give up personal accounts with the party-state of the AUCP(b)-USSR in the name of Victory; c) the participation in this war of Archbishop Luka – thousands of saved Soviet soldiers on the operating table and huge financial donations to the Victory fund; d) the son of his homeland, he tried in every possible way to protect the spirituality of his flock from the ideological and organizational pressure of militant atheism; e) the humanism of Archbishop Luke was in his execution of the oath of Hippocrates, when he healed captured soldiers and officers of the enemy army.

Patriotic Service of the Russian Orthodox Church and Religious Organizations During the Great Patriotic War: Chronicle of the Feat

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Natalya Shafazhinskaya
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Moral Education ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Patriotic Education ◽  
Great Victory

The article is devoted to the theme of Patriotic and social service of Russian Orthodox Church in the tragic and, along with that glorious period of the great Patriotic war of 1941-1945 was marked by important achievements of the Patriotic service of the spiritual hierarchs and leaders of Orthodox culture in the context of the events of the liberation struggle of the Soviet people in the great Patriotic war. It describes some of the fate of ascetics, both in the Soviet Union and abroad, who, in the face of opposition to the Nazi regime, continued to serve, performed Christian feats and made a significant contribution to the approach of the great Victory in the great Patriotic war and World War II. The importance of a thorough study of the activities of religious figures throughout the war period is associated with the need for a more objective assessment of the contribution of the Russian Orthodox Church to the Great Victory. The importance of a thorough study of the activities of religious figures throughout the war period is associated with the need for a more objective assessment of the contribution of the Russian Orthodox Church to the Great Victory. In addition, the Ministry of Orthodox leaders and Christian ascetics should be reflected in the program of Patriotic education of students and schoolchildren as a necessary component of comprehensive humanitarian and spiritual and moral education of modern youth.

The Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945 – patriotism: feat and tragedy of the rear

2020 ◽  
pp. 113-121
Author(s):  
Marina P. POPOVA ◽  
Vladimir A. USKOV
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Party Systems ◽  
World War ◽  
Industrial Base ◽  
Occupied Territory ◽  
Mobilization Potential ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Global Catastrophe ◽  
Party State ◽  
Human Losses

The purpose of this article is to study the processes that took place in the rear of the Red (Soviet) Army (1941–1945) and the invaders in the temporarily occupied territory of the USSR. They predetermined the course and outcome of the global catastrophe – the Great Patriotic and World War II. The work used methods of content analysis, comparison and research of processes from “themselves”. This made it possible to create a voluminous idea of the patriotic feat and tragedy of the rear of the fighting USSR. The dialectic of the processes that took place is that it was both a feat and a tragedy of the population of the USSR, which, being on the verge of existence, defended its home, homeland and saved the party-state of the CPSU(b)-SSSR. The pragmatic content of this process looks like this: created – destroyed (USSR industrial base); recreated (under the threat of physical destruction by the invaders of the industrial base for the needs of the invaders) – destroyed (the invaders destroyed the industrial base during the retreat); recreated an industrial base on the liberated territory of the USSR. A review of the processes allows us to draw the following conclusions: a) the life of the rear of the USSR of the Great Patriotic War – heroism woven with the worst tragedy; b) the fate and life of the rear (within the indicated borders) – contempt of all norms and laws of humanism; c) the German rear suffered less human losses than the Soviet one during this period; d) the party-state system of the USSR of that period demonstrated a higher mobilization potential for achieving Victory than the state and party systems of opponents of the USSR; e) the main resource of the Victory of the USSR in this war was the historical ability – the readiness of Soviet people to overcome all kinds of disasters.

scholarly journals Foreign policy factor in State-Church relations in the Soviet Union during World War II and early post-war

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (Especial II) ◽  
pp. 170-179
Author(s):  
Ruslan Rustamovich Ibragimov ◽  
Aivaz Minnegosmanovich Fazliev ◽  
Chulpan Khamitovna Samatova ◽  
Boturzhon Khamidovich Alimov
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
World War ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Government ◽  
Post War

The objective of the research was to study Russian State and Orthodox church relations in the context of world war II and the early post-war years. The line of this article is due to the important role of the Russian Orthodox Church in the history, modern political and cultural life of Russia. In this sense, the period of State-Church relations in the USSR during world war II, known in Russia as a great patriotic war, is of great scientific interest because it was the time when the government was forced to make adjustments to its religion policy. Methodologically based on a wide range of documentary sources, the authors of the article have identified the place and role of the Russian Orthodox Church in the foreign policy of the USSR during the approach. In this sense, it is felt that the role of the Russian Orthodox Church in building relations with the allies of the anti-Hitler coalition and its place in the expansion of the Soviet political system in Eastern Europe was of paramount importance as a foreign policy factor.

scholarly journals Fates of priests of Russian Orthodox Church of Old-Believers in the ancient centres of Starodub and Vietka in 1920s-1960s

2019 ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
Marina V. Kochergina
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Spiritual Life ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Postwar Period ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
World War ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Old Believers ◽  
The World ◽  
The Church

The article is devoted to the difficult fate of the old believers' priests of the Russian Orthodox Church of Old Believers in the period of Stalin's repression, the events on the World War II East Front and the postwar period, associated with a new oppression against the Church. The author restores the fate of old believers' priests from the ancient centres of Starodub and Vietka, who managed to preserve, despite the repression by the Soviet authorities, the faith of their ancestors, to show selflessness in relation to their flock, love for the Motherland, patriotism. The analysis of published biographies of old believers' priests of the Russian Orthodox Church of Old Believers, the memories of old believers themselves, recorded by the author, allow tracing the difficult way of restoring the spiritual life of old believer communities of Starodub and Vietka in this period, to show the regional aspects of the activity of old believers' priests in the field of state-confessional relations, their interaction with members of communities.

scholarly journals Nimble Nationalism: Transgenerational Experiences of East Karelian Refugees in Finland and Sweden

2021 ◽  
pp. 267-293
Author(s):  
Seija Jalagin
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Oral History ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Nation State ◽  
World War ◽  
Migrant Community ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Narratives ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractLooking at the relationship of experiences and memory Jalagin discusses the significance of the nation for a minority of a minority. Focusing on Soviet Karelian refugees who sought asylum first in interwar Finland and then in post-World War II Sweden, the chapter explores family histories as presented by government authorities in archival documents as well as in written and oral history narratives. Jalagin argues that the nation-state dominated the national experience because the refugees were meticulously controlled by government immigration policies and practices. While considering Sweden their home country, the refugees emotionally tended to identify with the Finnish migrant community in Sweden. Their sense of Finnishness testifies to flexible nationalism, making the nation-state an ambivalent, yet important element in their life.

scholarly journals Intra-Church processes during the implementation of parish reform in the 1st half of the 1960s

2019 ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
Sergey M. Zinchuk
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
World War ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Nikita Khrushchev ◽  
Church Life ◽  
Post War ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Church

The author describes in the article some important components and features of Church life in the period initiated by Nikita Khrushchev and known as the parish reform, which, among other things, was aimed at undermining the fi nancial base of the Russian Orthodox Church (hereinafter referred to as the Church) in the USSR. It is noted that Stalin's post-war system of state-Church relations had a serious defect in the form of ineffective legal consolidation: in addition, after the end of the World War II, the question if the Soviet power praised Orthodoxy and other religions stood no longer disappeared. All this allowed Stalin's successors carrying out a number of serious measures aimed at weakening the Church. Khrushchev's religious policy differed from the persecution of the 1920s-1930s, because it included measures aimed at indirect destruction of Orthodoxy, primarily through administrative pressure on the clergy and laity. The parish reform, aimed at depriving deans of fi nancial powers and handing them over to churchwardens, appointed, in fact, by local authorities, which allowed to ruin churches and monasteries with compliance with the formalities of the regime's toleration, can be considered to be a typical manifestation of that trend.

The Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church in the Contemporary USSR

1992 ◽  
Vol 20 (01) ◽  
pp. 17-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bohdan R. Bociurkiw
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Soviet Regime ◽  
World War ◽  
Mikhail Gorbachev ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Western Ukraine

In 1944, the Soviet Army recaptured Galicia and Transcarpathia from the Germans, and the last stronghold of Ukrainian Greek Catholicism fell under Soviet control. Following the arrests of all Uniate bishops and of the “recalcitrant” clergy, the Lviv Sobor of March 1946 nullified the 1596 Union of Brest, which first established the Greek Catholic Church, and forcibly “reunified” the Uniates with the state-controlled Russian Orthodox Church. The post-World War II period saw the gradual suppression of the Uniate Church throughout Carpatho-Ukraine, Poland, and Eastern Slovakia, and marked the beginning of more than four decades of struggle for Eastern Rite Ukrainian Catholics in the USSR to maintain their banned Church against the overpowering alliance of the Soviet regime and the Russian Orthodox Church. Despite the enforced “reunification,” the Greek Catholic Church has remained the most important cultural and institutional preserve of national identity in Western Ukraine. The following is an examination of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church's attempts to assert its right to legal existence since the beginning of political and social revitalization under Mikhail Gorbachev.

scholarly journals Hungarian Troops in World War II: The Bitter Truth of Archival Documents and an Attempt at Revision

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Krausz
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Prisoners Of War ◽  
Nazi Germany ◽  
World War ◽  
Academic Scholarship ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of

This study analyses how Hungarian historiography reflects the revision of the results of the Great Patriotic War. From the position of the ideas of totalitarianism, Hungarian historian Krisztián Ungváry equals the roles of Nazi Germany and the USSR played in World War II, thus equating the two regimes. A number of Hungarian historians distort the role of the Hungarian occupation army in the genocide on Soviet territory and falsify the history of the partisan war, ignoring the peculiar annihilative character of the Nazi war in the East. Ungváry completely overlooks the fundamental differences between the fates of German and Soviet prisoners of war. This study aims to provide a brief overview of the reasons for this distorted approach. The second part of the publication mostly focuses on the falsification of sources and the neglect of objective statistics. The neglect of documents from Russian archives in national Hungarian historiography, caused by misunderstood patriotism, is capable of not only splitting public opinion but is also very distant from the principles of academic scholarship.

‘This is a Great Event in Our Church’: Bishop of Lutsk Polycarp on the Signing of the Act of Unity of the Ukrainian Orthodox Churches

2018 ◽  
pp. 522-535
Author(s):  
Lyudmila А. Lykova ◽  
◽  
Alexander V. Sukhanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Elite ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Source Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clergy Support

Analysis of the previously unknown to the scholarship documents strives to close the gaps in studying unknown facts and events of the history of Orthodoxy in Ukraine in the days of the Great Patriotic War. The article presents new archival sources in order to explore the history of Orthodoxy in Ukraine more fully and objectively. The significance of the publication of these archival documents stems from current processes and state of the Orthodox Church in Ukraine, where it has exposed to persecution by the political elite of Ukraine. Certain circles of the Ukrainian clergy support the split of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church and its persecution. During the Great Patriotic War religious life in the occupied Ukrainian territories was extremely ambiguous. The Nazi occupiers encouraged the split in the Ukrainian Orthodox Church, which resulted in emergence of the Ukrainian Autonomous Orthodox Church, which maintained canonical ties with the Russian Orthodox Church, and Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church, which was non–canonical and sought to break all ties with the Moscow Patriarchate. The authors have carried out archeographic and source–studies analysis of the new documents in order to establish their authenticity, time and place of their origin and to determine their novelty and scientific and practical significance. Archival sources identified in the course of documentary project ‘Orthodoxy in Ukraine in the days the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945’ shed light on the situation, describe numerous killings of priests of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church, speak of cooperation of the episcopate of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Church with the occupation authorities. The attempt to create a unified Ukrainian Orthodox Church failed. In spring 1943, the troops of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) opened hostilities against the Nazis, who responded by ceasing all support of their spiritual pillar, the Autocephalous Church. The Moscow Patriarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church only recognized legitimacy of the Autonomous Orthodox Church in Ukraine. After the bishops of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church escape in the steps of the retreating German army, the Orthodox parishes on the territory of Ukraine passed into jurisdiction of the Moscow Patriarchate of the ROC.

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