‘This is a Great Event in Our Church’: Bishop of Lutsk Polycarp on the Signing of the Act of Unity of the Ukrainian Orthodox Churches

2018 ◽  
pp. 522-535
Author(s):  
Lyudmila А. Lykova ◽  
◽  
Alexander V. Sukhanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Elite ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Source Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clergy Support

Analysis of the previously unknown to the scholarship documents strives to close the gaps in studying unknown facts and events of the history of Orthodoxy in Ukraine in the days of the Great Patriotic War. The article presents new archival sources in order to explore the history of Orthodoxy in Ukraine more fully and objectively. The significance of the publication of these archival documents stems from current processes and state of the Orthodox Church in Ukraine, where it has exposed to persecution by the political elite of Ukraine. Certain circles of the Ukrainian clergy support the split of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church and its persecution. During the Great Patriotic War religious life in the occupied Ukrainian territories was extremely ambiguous. The Nazi occupiers encouraged the split in the Ukrainian Orthodox Church, which resulted in emergence of the Ukrainian Autonomous Orthodox Church, which maintained canonical ties with the Russian Orthodox Church, and Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church, which was non–canonical and sought to break all ties with the Moscow Patriarchate. The authors have carried out archeographic and source–studies analysis of the new documents in order to establish their authenticity, time and place of their origin and to determine their novelty and scientific and practical significance. Archival sources identified in the course of documentary project ‘Orthodoxy in Ukraine in the days the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945’ shed light on the situation, describe numerous killings of priests of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church, speak of cooperation of the episcopate of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Church with the occupation authorities. The attempt to create a unified Ukrainian Orthodox Church failed. In spring 1943, the troops of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) opened hostilities against the Nazis, who responded by ceasing all support of their spiritual pillar, the Autocephalous Church. The Moscow Patriarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church only recognized legitimacy of the Autonomous Orthodox Church in Ukraine. After the bishops of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church escape in the steps of the retreating German army, the Orthodox parishes on the territory of Ukraine passed into jurisdiction of the Moscow Patriarchate of the ROC.

scholarly journals THE WAY TO THE AUTOCEPHALY OF THE UKRAINIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH IN 1918 (THROUGH THE PRIZE OF DOCUMENTS OF THE SECOND SESSION OF THE ALL-UKRAINIAN ORTHODOX COUNCIL)

2019 ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
A. Sliusarenko ◽  
T. Pshenychnyi
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Church ◽  
Church Tradition

The events that are taking place today in the church field of the Ukrainian State testify to the importance of the national church in building the national security of the country. The union of the church with the state has been formed for centuries, and to consider the absence of this tandem today would be wrong. However, such an alliance can be dangerous for the state if the church provokes separatism, ignites national conflict, undermines the national security of the state. Evidence of this is the aggressive policy of the leaders of the Russian Orthodox Church towards Ukraine throughout history, which has turned the church into an instrument of political games. Thus, by annexing the Metropolitan of Kiev in 1686 and establishing a protectorate over the Ukrainian church space, the leaders of the Russian Orthodox Church did everything to destroy the Ukrainian church tradition. History of Ukraine of the twentieth century testifies to the repeated attempts of Ukrainians to get out of the grip of the Russian Orthodox Church and build their own independent Ukrainian Orthodox Church. A striking example of this is the All-Ukrainian Orthodox Church Council of 1918, which, in the context of national competitions of the Ukrainian people for their own state, brought to the agenda of the revolutionary events the question of independence of the Ukrainian Church. At the second session of the Council, the idea of autocephaly of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church for the first time in many years consolidated a small part of the Ukrainian church and political elite around it. This article is devoted to analyzing the documents of this council session. The author tries to present the main stages of the competition for the autocephaly of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church and the difficulties that have arisen.

scholarly journals Missionary Activity of Russian Orthodox Church in the Second Half of the XIX - Early XX Centuries (Vyatka province)

2020 ◽  
pp. 401-419
Author(s):  
E. N. Nemchaninova ◽  
M. Yu. Polovnikova
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Regional Approach ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Church State Relations ◽  
State Relations

The study is devoted to the analysis of the missionary activity of the Russian Orthodox Church in the second half of the XIX - early XX centuries in the context of the history of church-state relations of the period. An attempt is made to classify the key problems of missionary activity based on an analysis of its leading areas using a regional approach. Based on archival documents (primarily the reports of Vyatka bishops and governors), the main problems of the missionary activity of the Russian Orthodox Church in the vast Vyatka province, which is one of the largest in empire in terms of population are analyzed in the paper. The authors proceed from the position that the organization of missionary activity was an important element in ensuring the unity of the state in the period under review, and in this regard consolidated the interests of secular and spiritual authorities both at the central and regional levels. The range and content of the problems of missionary activity, according to the authors, were largely determined by the specifics of the national and confessional composition of the population of the region, the nature of its settlement, as well as unique models of church-state relations that developed at the local level.

scholarly journals The Great Patriotic War and the Russian Orthodox Church on the pages of the “Journal of the Moscow Patriarchate” in 1943–1945

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-123
Author(s):  
Artem A. Kopylov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
War Coverage ◽  
The People ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Devil ◽  
The Church

The article presents an analysis of the materials in the “Journal of the Moscow Patriarchate” from 1943–1945, devoted to the Great Patriotic War and the position of the Russian Orthodox Church in relation to this terrible event in the history of mankind. There are four main blocks of materials: the official chronicle of the war, coverage of military events and the situation of the Church in the conditions of military operations, messages to the faithful population in the territories embroiled in military operations, and articles on particular issues related to the war. Of great importance is not only the coverage of the chronicle, but also the support in the conditions of the ongoing war, which was provided to believers by bishops Patriarch Sergius (Stragorodsky), Metropolitan Alexy (Simansky, Patriarch since February 1945), and Metropolitan Nikolai (Yarushevich). In the “Journal of the Moscow Patriarchate”, the struggle against the German invaders was regarded as a struggle against the servants of the devil. Correspondence from the field testified to the damage caused by the Nazis not only to the Church, but also to the civilian population. In the mid-1940s, the “Journal of the Moscow Patriarchate” became the publication where the Russian Orthodox Church could express both its attitude to events and its unity with the people, which was necessary in the conditions of war.

scholarly journals Voluntary Departure of Clergy in the Secular Department in the First Half of the XIX Century: Causes, Results and Procedure of Office Work (on the Materials of the Tobolsk Spiritual Consistory)

2020 ◽  
pp. 469-483
Author(s):  
A. V. Spichak
Keyword(s):  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Office Work ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Secular Institutions ◽  
The Church

The relevance of the study is largely due to the fact that at present, as in the period under consideration in the article, many clergy leave their work in the Church, and in the period of revival of the Russian Orthodox Church, this may become a significant problem for it. Its solution implies the need to study the history of this phenomenon. The author, based on the content of legislative acts and the interpretations of modern scholars, considered one of the main problems in the Russian Orthodox Church - voluntary care of the clergy in secular authority, during the XVIII - early XX centuries. On the basis of archival documents, the article reveals the main reasons that encourage young people of the spiritual Department to seek a place of service in secular institutions in the first half of the XIX century, the results of solving such cases by the Tobolsk spiritual Consistory, the terms and stages of office work. The methodological basis of this study was the most important principles of historical science, primarily such as system, historicism, interdisciplinarity and scientific objectivity, which allowed us to consider the studied phenomena in dynamics and interaction.

scholarly journals Local History of Russian Orthodox Church during the Great Patriotic War in Orally Transmitted Sources

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-161
Author(s):  
Irina A. Zetkina ◽  
Marina Yu. Gryzhankova
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Church History ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Culture ◽  
The Church

Introduction: Research on Russian Orthodox Church history of the period of the Great Patriotic War has ample complex of sources come into scientific operation fully enough. However, it should be noted that researches chiefly focus their attention on documentary sources whereas it must be admitted that memory-based oral literature, such as orally transmitted pieces of evidence devoted to the history of Russian Orthodox Church parishes in the rear, for example, is somewhat lacking. The purpose of our research is caused by the necessity to fill the lacunas in the field of the church history in Mordovian study of local lore during the period of 1941–1945 as well as to enrich information which is presented rather sparingly. Materials and Methods. The materials of the article are orally transmitted sources collected and processed by the students and teachers of Saransk theological seminary. Interdisciplinary nature of the problem of our research determined the coherence of methodological aims of social knowledge such as hermeneutics, historical anthropology, sociology, etc. Results. The article describes the results of the work connected with collecting and analyzing several narrative complexes of memory-based and orally transmitted pieces of evidence linked by the period of the Great Patriotic War and the theme of life in the rear parishes of Mordovian region. Collecting information was carried out by means of free interviewing methods, frequently used in cultural and anthropological researches. Discussion and Conclusions. The significance and value of orally transmitted historical sources concerning the church history of the Great Patriotic War period are hard to overestimate. Interviewees reconstruct not only the events of the past but also transmit, along with the whole complex of their emotional experiences, linked with these events, their mental references. All this is essential for better understanding social history, the history of family on the one hand, and the history of culture, on the other, inasmuch as oral pieces of evidence supplement documentary information with anthropological constituent. This is the most valuable thing while studying themes, closed for the public before, such as Russian Orthodox Church history of the first half of the XX century, for example.

scholarly journals Archimandrite Damascene (Orlovsky) Has Published a New Book: ‘Through Suffering to Communion: New Martyrs of Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus’

2018 ◽  
pp. 953-959
Author(s):  
Zinaida P. Inozemtseva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Religious Persecution ◽  
Religious Consciousness ◽  
Life Paths ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Church

The reviewed book of Archimandrite Damascene (Orlovsky) ‘Through Suffering to Communion: New Martyrs of Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus’ describes 24 life paths of hierarchs and clergymen canonized by the Russian Orthodox Church and their spiritual endeavors amid anti-religious persecution of the 20th century. The book opens a door into the world of the heroes of spirit, who recreated reality in the most stifling time of mass anti-religious repression on the territory of the former Russian Empire. New martyrs come to life in the book to show an example of living Christian ideal (as imagined in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus) within this world. The group portrait of new martyrs shows features of national elite. Their spiritual endeavor, concludes the author's, is a phenomenon in the history of our currently divided people, which gives hope for creating a new unity through suffering. The source base that has provided biographical and hagiographic material for the book conclusively represents the realities of period in its macro and micro aspects. It consists of archival documents and oral history sources, most of which are being introduced into scientific use by the author. The review recognizes high scientific and archaeographic level of the book, as well as its informative value. The text includes 500 citations from archival documents and scholarship, as well as some documents, rare photographs, and scholarly commentary. It is of value for scientists who study the history of the Church and explore the role of individual and religious consciousness in the historical process.

Mesyatseslovs memory of the Russian Orthodox Church

2020 ◽  
pp. 160-198
Author(s):  
Макарий Веретенников
Keyword(s):  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Liturgical Texts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Complete Form ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Heaven And Earth ◽  
The Church

Статья посвящена содержанию, общим принципам построения и характерным особенностям календаря, или месяцеслова, Русской Православной Церкви. Автор использует методы анализа и синтеза. В итоге делаются нижеследующие обобщения. Месяцеслов был принесён на Русь из Византии в достаточно завершённом виде, однако в процессе исторического развития он дополнился особенными русскими праздниками. Календарь-месяцеслов - это грандиозный собор святых, подвизавшихся в разных местах на протяжении веков, единение Церкви Небесной и земной, история святости и история нашей Церкви. Месяцесловным памятям посвящены составленные гимнографами богослужебные тексты, которые поются и читаются в храмах. Традиционно почитается день кончины угодников Божиих, память открытия мощей святых, перенесения их святых мощей или же день канонизации угодников Божиих, реже - день их рождения. Фенологические наблюдения русского народа связаны с повседневной деятельностью и увязаны с месяцесловом, что свидетельствует о его проникновении в повседневную жизнь русского человека. The article is devoted to the content, General principles of construction and characteristic features of the calendar, or mesyatseslov, of the Russian Orthodox Church. The author uses methods of analysis and synthesis. As a result, the following generalizations are made. The mesyatseslov was brought to Russia from Byzantium in a fairly complete form, but in the course of historical development it was supplemented with special Russian holidays. The calendar-mesyatseslov is a grandiose council of saints who have labored in different places over the centuries, the unity of the Church of Heaven and earth, the history of holiness and the history of our Church. Liturgical texts composed by hymnographers, which are sung and read in churches, are dedicated to the mesyatseslovs memory. Traditionally, the day of the death of saints, the memory of the discovery of the relics of saints, the transfer of their Holy relics, or the day of the canonization of saints, less often - the day of their birth are honored. Russian people’s phenological observations are related to their daily activities and are linked to mesyatseslov, which indicates its penetration into the daily life of the Russian people.

Synodal Liturgical Commission

2020 ◽  
pp. 269-274
Author(s):  
Сергей Забелич
Keyword(s):  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Church

В статье рассказывается об истории создания Синодальной Богослужебной комиссии, основных направлениях ее деятельности, задачах. На заседаниях обсуждаются вопросы и принимаются предварительные решения по сложным календарным вопросам, а также введение новых текстов в богослужебную практику Русской Православной Церкви на основе церковного Устава (Типикона) и литургической традиции Русской Церкви. The article is devoted to the history of establishing the Synodal Liturgical Commission, the main fields of its work and the essential tasks. The Commission raises a number of important liturgical questions, takes preliminary decisions on the complicated calendar issues and introduces the new texts of divine services into the worship practice of the Russian Orthodox Church following the Church statutes (Typikon) and the liturgical tradition of the Russian Church.

The Patriarch Nikon’s Museum in the New Jerusalem Monastery: the 145th Anniversary of Its Foundation

2020 ◽  
pp. 111-127
Author(s):  
Светлана Измайловна Баранова
Keyword(s):  
Spiritual Development ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Holy Land ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
New Jerusalem ◽  
History Of ◽  
Xix Century

Статья посвящена истории созданного в 1874 г. в Воскресенском Ново-Иерусалимском монастыре музея Святейшего патриарха Никона, а также истории возрождения музея в новом качестве, ставшего частью программы современного восстановления Ново-Иерусалимского монастыря. Рассмотрена роль устроителя музея архимандрита Леонида (Кавелина) (1822-1891) - настоятеля обители в 1869-1877 гг., выдающегося русского историка, историографа Воскресенского монастыря, собирателя его древностей и исследователя его архивов. Также представлен опыт построения экспозиции нового Музея патриарха Никона, использующий объединение историко-хронологического принципа с художественно-образным, коллекционного - с мемориальным, тематическим и ансамблевым. Восстановление в монастыре музея в новом качестве должно подчеркнуть мемориальную сущность обители как явления русской церковной археологии XIX в. Экспозиция, размещенная в залах музея, должна создать богатый информационновизуальный базис, оставить в памяти посетителя глубокий эмоциональный след, дать пищу для духовного развития и материал для общих размышлений о судьбах Святых Мест христианства, параллелях в жизни России и Святой Земли, колоссальном вкладе патриарха Никона в строительство величественного здания Русской Православной Церкви и зарождавшейся Российской империи. The article is dedicated to the history of the Museum of His Holiness Patriarch Nikon, founded in 1874 in the Resurrection New Jerusalem Monastery as well as the history of the revival of the museum in a new quality, which became part of the restoration program of the New Jerusalem Monastery. The role of the organizer of the museum, archimandrite Leonid (Kavelin) (1822-1891), the abbot of the monastery in 1869-1877, an outstanding Russian historian, the Resurrection Monastery historiographer, a collector of its antiquities and a researcher of its archives, is considered. Also, it is said about the experience of forming a collection of the new Patriarch Nikon’s Museum implementing historical-chronological, artistic-figurative, memorial, thematic and ensemble principles of the collection. Anew quality restoration done in the monastery museum should emphasize the memorial importance of the monastery as a phenomenon of Russian church archeology of the XIX century. The exposition located in the museum halls should create a rich informational and visual basis, have a deep emotional impact in the visitor’s memory, provide food for spiritual development and material for general reflection on the fate of the Holy Chrisitan Places, establish parallels in the life of Russia and the Holy Land, mark an enormous contribution of Patriarch Nikon in the construction of a magnificent building of the Russian Orthodox Church and the nascent Russian Empire.

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