scholarly journals Concern with dental appearance and associated factors among the elderly of two southern Brazilian cities

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. e209272
Author(s):  
Diandra Genoveva Sachetti ◽  
Fernanda Pretto Zatt ◽  
Thais Carleso Trevizan ◽  
Caroline Fernandes e Silva ◽  
Francisco Wilker Mustafa Gomes Muniz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Care ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Floss ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Access To Dental Care ◽  
Dental Appearance

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of concern with dental appearance (DA) and associated factors among the elderly of two southern Brazilian cities. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the cities of Cruz Alta and Veranópolis, Brazil. Oral health examination and a structured questionnaire were applied. Questions from the PCATool-SB Brasil tool and the Questionnaire about Teeth Appearance, both validated to Brazilian samples, were used. The collected independent variables were: sex, age, ethnicity, education level, marital status, retirement, health problem, use of medication, smoking exposure, alcohol exposure, access to the dentist, toothbrushing frequency, use of dental floss, edentulism, use of and need for dental prosthesis. Concern with DA was dichotomized into yes/no. Associations between dependent and independent variables were assessed by Chi-square or Mann-Whitney tests. Moreover, uni- and multivariate analyses were conducted by Poisson regression with robust variance. Level of significance was established as p<0.05. Results: The prevalence of concern with DA was 18.8% (n=107). The prevalence ratio (PR) of concern with DA decreased 5.8% for each year increase (PR:0.942; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]:0.911–0.973). Elderly without access to the dentist in the last 12 months presented 62.5% (p=0.006) higher PR of concern with DA when compared to those with access to dental care. Dentate elderly showed 219% higher PR for concern with DA (PR:2.197; 95%CI:1.364–3.539) in comparison to edentulous individuals. Conclusion: Prevalence of concern with DA was low and associated with demographics, access to dental care and edentulism.

scholarly journals Prevalence of health services usage and associated factors in the Amazon region of Brazil: a population-based cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. e017966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Elizete A Araujo ◽  
Marcus T Silva ◽  
Tais F Galvao ◽  
Mauricio G Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physician Visits

ObjectivesTo estimate the prevalence of healthcare use and associated factors in the Manaus metropolitan region and to describe the reasons for lack of access.DesignCross-sectional population-based study.SettingA survey conducted between May and August of 2015 in eight cities from Manaus metropolitan region, Amazonas, Brazil.Participants4001 adults ≥18 years of age.Primary outcomes measuresPhysician visits, dentist visits and hospitalisations in the last 12 months were the primary outcomes. Associated factors were investigated through the calculation of prevalence ratio (PR) obtained by hierarchical Poisson regression modelling.Results4001 adults were included in the study, 53% of whom were women. The self-reported prevalence of medical visits was 77% (95% CI 75% to 77%); dentist visits, 36% (95% CI 34% to 37%) and hospital admission, 7% (95% CI 6% to 7%). Physician visits were higher in women PR=1.18 (95% CI 1.14 to 1.23), the elderly PR=1.18 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.26) and people with health insurance PR=1.14 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.19). Dentist visits declined with older age PR=0.38 (95% CI 0.30 to 0.49), lower education level PR=0.62 (95% CI 0.51 to 0.74) and lower economic class PR=0.65 (95% CI 0.57 to 0.75). Hospitalisations were found to be twice as frequent for women than for men and three times as frequent among those who reported very poor health status. Among the individuals who did not receive medical attention in the previous 2 weeks, 58% reported lack of facilities or appointment unavailable and 14% reported lack of doctors.ConclusionWhile more than half visited the doctor in the last year, a lower proportion of people with socioeconomic inequities visited the dentist. Organisational and service policies are needed to increase equity in health services in the region.

scholarly journals Undernutrition and associated factors in a Portuguese older adult community

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Luísa Moreira dos Santos ◽  
Teresa Maria de Serpa Pinto Freitas do Amaral ◽  
Nuno Pedro Garcia Fernandes Bento Borges
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Perception Of Health

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of undernutrition in older adults aged >75 years living in communities and to identify the main factors independently associated with undernutrition. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a random sample of family physicians' medical records of 86 older adults aged >75 years living in the community studied. Their nutritional status was evaluated using the Mini Nutritional Assessment. RESULTS: A total of 10.5% of the elderly were undernourished and 41.9% were at undernutrition risk. According to the logistic regression multivariable model, the following characteristics: being widowed (OR=6.7; 95%CI=1.8-24.6); being institutionalized (OR=12.6; 95%CI=1.7-90.5); or having a negative self-perception of health (OR=15.0; 95%CI=3.3-69.1) were independently associated with a significant increase of undernutrition risk. CONCLUSION: The current study shows that undernutrition is highly prevalent in Portuguese older adults aged >75 years living in communities. The major factors independently associated with their undernutrition are being widowed and institutionalized and having negative self-perception of health. The results obtained show that undernutrition and its associated factors are very serious problems for older adults and a challenge in their health care.

scholarly journals Integrality of care for hemodialysis patient in Brazil: an analysis of access to dental care

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 533-540
Author(s):  
Bruna Mara Ruas ◽  
Lia Silva Castilho ◽  
Natália Cristina Ruy Carneiro ◽  
Natália Mendes de Matos Cardoso ◽  
Augusto Barbosa Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Access To Dental Care ◽  
Belo Horizonte

Abstract The present study aimed to analyze factors associated with access of dental care services by Brazilian hemodialysis patients. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 467 hemodialysis patients aging from 19 to 90 years in two renal therapy centers located in the cities of Contagem and Belo Horizonte, Southeastern Brazil. Data were collected through an oral clinical examination of the patients and the application of a structured questionnaire. The dependent variable was the access to dental care, measured by the question "Have you consulted with a dentist in last six months?". The mean age of participants was 49.9 years. The average number of teeth present in the mouth was 19.3. An average of 1.5 teeth with dental caries cavities lesion was diagnosed among hemodialysis patients. One-third of the sample had gone to the dentist in the last six months (27.8%). The access to dental care was associated with formal education (OR = 1.5 [1.1-2.4]), professional advising to consult with a dentist (OR = 2.1 [1.2-3.8]) and prevalence of dental caries (OR = 2.1 [1.3-3.2]). Hemodialysis patients with eight or more years of formal education, who received professional advising to consult with a dentist and without dental caries cavities had higher chances obtaining access to dental care.

scholarly journals Self-medication among participants of an Open University of the Third Age and associated factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-427
Author(s):  
Adriana Nancy Medeiros dos Santos ◽  
Dulcinéia Rebecca Cappelletti Nogueira ◽  
Caroline Ribeiro de Borja-Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Open University ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Third Age ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
The Third ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Articular Pain

Abstract Objective: to identify the prevalence of self-medication, the therapeutic classes used without medical prescription, the symptoms treated with such medication and associated factors among participants of an Open University of the Third Age (OU3A). Method: a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study was carried out, the sample of which was composed of 138 OU3A attendees. To estimate the association between the variables, prevalence ratios (PR), confidence intervals (95% CI), the chi-squared test and Fisher's exact test were used. Results: the majority were aged 60-69 years (61.6%), were female (75.4%), had a health plan (63%) and claimed to self-medicate (59.4%, 95% CI, 0-64.8). The most frequently mentioned therapeutic classes were analgesics (31.9%), muscle relaxants (13.8%), anti-inflammatories (13.0%) and first-generation antihistamines (7.2%). The most commonly reported self-medication symptoms were muscle and joint pain (21.0%), headaches (10.1%) and colds and flu (8.7%). There was a significant association (p = 0.049) among those who self-medicated more frequently and anti-inflammatory use (PR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.10-1.99). The complaint of muscular and articular pain exhibited a significant association with the diagnosis of arthrosis (p = 0.003, RP = 3.75, 95% CI = 2.07-6.76) and hypothyroidism (p = 0.002, RP = 2.77 ; 95% CI = 1.50-5.10). Conclusion: the most frequently mentioned reasons for self-medicating were previous experience using the drug and the certainty that it is safe. Most of the above medications are potentially inappropriate for the elderly. However, the elderly consider them safe and are unaware of the risks to which they expose them. They may also be unaware that pain treated by self-medication may be related to pre-existing diseases, which require the appropriate professional and treatment.

scholarly journals Reaching Vulnerable Populations through Portable and Mobile Dentistry—Current and Future Opportunities

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Shailee Gupta ◽  
Muna Hakim ◽  
Dishant Patel ◽  
Lauren C. Stow ◽  
Katherine Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Care ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Emergency Rooms ◽  
Oral Pain ◽  
Dental Equipment ◽  
Access To Dental Care ◽  
Dental Offices ◽  
To Receive

The Action for Dental Health Act of 2017 bill is intended to prevent dental disease and divert dental emergencies from high-cost centers (like hospital emergency rooms) to dental offices. Lines 15–17 of the bill include grant funding to support portable or mobile dental equipment, and this should lead to an expansion of opportunities to deliver and receive care through the use of portable dental equipment and mobile dental vans, i.e., portable and mobile dentistry (PMD). Historically, PMD has been valuable to bridge the access gap for those for whom transport can be a challenge, like children and the elderly. However, PMD could be valuable to large employers, allowing the employees to receive dental care with minimal disruption to their workday. Oral pain is known to affect work and school attendance, and improving access to dental care could benefit individuals, families, organizations, and communities.

scholarly journals How Does Public Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Correlate in Relation to COVID-19? A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hridaya Raj Devkota ◽  
Tula Ram Sijali ◽  
Ramji Bogati ◽  
Andrew Clarke ◽  
Pratik Adhikary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Public Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has created a global health emergency requiring an effective public health response including citizen's roles in preventing spread and controlling the pandemic. Little is known about public knowledge, beliefs and behaviors in-relation to the pandemic in Nepal. This study aims to assess knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) toward COVID-19 among the general public and to identify associated factors.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between May–June 2020 with a sample of 645, recruited from 26 hospitals across Nepal. We conducted telephone interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire related to KAP regarding COVID-19. T-test and one-way ANOVA was conducted to determine group differences for socio-demographic variables. Linear regression and correlational analysis were performed to identify associated factors and measure strength and direction of relationships.Results: Overall mean scores for knowledge, attitude and practice were 11.6 (SD 4.5), 2.7 (SD 1.8), and 9.9 (SD 1.93) respectively, but differed by socio-demographic characteristics. Positive but weak linear correlations were observed between knowledge-practice (r = 0.19, p &lt; 0.01) and attitude-practice (r = 0.08, p &lt; 0.05). The relationship between knowledge and education was fairly strong (r = 0.34, p &lt; 0.01). Province, place of residence, ecological area, age, gender and caste/ethnicity were also significantly associated with KAP score of participants.Conclusion: The study found varying degrees of correlation between Knowledge, Attitude and Practice that may increase as the pandemic evolves in Nepal. Knowledge and level of education had positive associations with attitude and adherence to precautionary measures. The findings suggest a need for targeted community awareness interventions for the most vulnerable populations, men, those with no school education, the elderly and people living in rural areas.

scholarly journals Prevalence of intestinal parasitosis and associated factors among the elderly

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Honório Silva Santos ◽  
Rita de Cássia Santos Barros ◽  
Kátia Virgínia Galvão Gomes ◽  
Adriana Alves Nery ◽  
Cezar Augusto Casotti
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Intestinal Parasitosis

Abstract Objective: To identify the prevalence of intestinal parasitosis and associated factors in elderly persons resident in the community. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed involving 236 elderly persons in Aiquara, in the state of Bahia, Brazil, in 2015. Data were collected through a coprological survey and a questionnaire for information relating to sociodemographic characteristics, health and lifestyle. The presence of parasites in stools was verified by the Hoffman method. Results: The prevalence of intestinal parasites among the elderly was 30.5%. Among infected elderly persons, 26.3% had monoparasitism, 3.8% biparasitism and 0.4% polyparasitism. There was a predominance of protozoa (80.8%) over helminths (19.2%). The most prevalent parasites were Entamoeba coli (44.6%); Endolimax nana (21.7%) and Iodamoeba bütschlii (14.5%). In the population studied, the independent variables analyzed were not associated (p>0.05) with the presence of intestinal parasites. Conclusion: the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in elderly people living in the urban area of the municipal region of Aiquara, Bahia, was high and there was no association between intestinal parasites and sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle or health.

Quality of periodic health examination service for employees and associated factors at the New Port Medical Center, Ho Chi Minh city in 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
Thi Thuy Pham ◽  
Khac Luong V ◽  
Duc Nguyen ◽  
Quoc Tran Dau ◽  
Nhu Thao Tran
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Periodic Health Examination ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Overall Health Status

Objectives: A periodic health examination helps people to evaluate the overall health status, so it is of the utmost importance to each individual, including employees. At Saigon Newport Corporation, employees have to do strenuous, hazardous, and dangerous works, so periodic health examination is necessary. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 436 employees to measure their perception of the periodic health examination service quality via the SERVPERF scale and associated factors at the New Port Medical Center, Ho Chi Minh City, 2020. Results: Research results indicated that 78% of employees have a good assessment of the quality of periodic health examination, in which reliability was 79.6%, assurance was 79.8%, which were also the least. Conclusions: Gender, level of education, and sector of employment were related to the employees’ perception of the periodic health examination service. Keywords: Periodic health examination, employee, SERVPERF, New Port Medical Center, Saigon Newport Corporation.

How does public knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors correlate in relation to COVID-19? A community-based cross-sectional study in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hridaya Raj Devkota ◽  
Tula Ram Sijali ◽  
Ramji Bogati ◽  
Andrew Clarke ◽  
Pratik Adhikary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Public Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Background: The COVID 19 pandemic has created a global health emergency requiring an effective public health response including citizens' roles in preventing the spread and controlling the pandemic. Little is known about public knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors in relation to the pandemic in Nepal. This study aims to assess knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) towards COVID 19 among the general public and to identify associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between May to June 2020 with a sample of 645, recruited from 26 hospitals across Nepal. We conducted telephone interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire related to KAP regarding COVID 19. T-test and one-way ANOVA was conducted to determine group differences for socio-demographic variables. Linear regression and correlational analysis were performed to identify associated factors and measure the strength and direction of relationships. Results: Overall mean scores for knowledge, attitude and practice were 11.6 (SD 4.5), 2.7 (SD 1.8), and 9.9 (SD 1.93) respectively but differed by socio-demographic characteristics. Positive but weak linear correlations were observed between knowledge-practice (r=0.19, p<0.01) and attitude-practice (r=0.08, p<0.05). The relationship between knowledge and education was fairly strong (r = 0.34, p< 0.01). Province, place of residence, ecological area, age, gender, and caste/ethnicity were also significantly associated with the KAP score of participants. Conclusion: The study found varying degrees of correlation between Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice that may increase as the pandemic evolves in Nepal. Knowledge and level of education had positive associations with attitude and adherence to precautionary measures. The findings suggest a need for targeted community awareness interventions for the most vulnerable populations, men, those with no school education, the elderly, and people living in rural areas. Keywords: COVID-19, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Correlates, Nepal

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