scholarly journals Epidemiological profile of postoperative digestive fistulas

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-88
Author(s):  
Bianca Marochi ◽  
Daniela Thaís Lorenzi Pereira ◽  
Luiza Manfroi Lattmann ◽  
Sthefany Mais ◽  
Arthur Nathan Luiz Ferreira Matos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Urgent Surgery ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Background and objectives: Gastrointestinal fistulas are anomalous communications between the digestive system and other structures. This article presents the epidemiological profile of patients who developed postoperative abdominal fistulas and their outcomes. Methods: Cross-sectional study that evaluated surgical procedures done in a 25 week period that presented risks for fistulous formations. Were analyzed age, type of the surgery (elective or urgent), pre-existing risk factors, need for post-surgical intensive care unit, type of fistula, reoperations to the fistula treatment, and outcome (discharge or death). Results: There were 1785 abdominal surgical procedures, with a fistula incidence of 1.8%. Most of the patients who developed fistulas were over 60 years old (71.4%), and surgeries that resulted in fistulous complications were mainly urgent (75.0%), with the need for intensive care in 46.9%. The most frequent types of fistula were enteral (52.3%) and biliary (23.8%), and surgical treatment took place in 53.1% of cases. Late hospital discharge was predominant in these patients (40.6%), and the death rate was 3.1%. Discussion: These complications are common after abdominal surgery and require clinical attention. There is a correlation between the formation of the fistulas and urgent surgery procedures, directly impacting the length of hospital stay. Conclusion: The risk factors of fistula development are advanced age and the presence of malignant disease. They are more prevalent in urgent surgeries and patients were more likely to need reoperation and have a delay on discharge.

scholarly journals Deep Venous Thrombosis Prophylaxis Practices in Surgical Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alisha Singh ◽  
Mary Samuel ◽  
Vijay Sundarsingh ◽  
Pratik Kabra ◽  
Anshu Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dvt Prophylaxis ◽  
Icu Discharge

Introduction: Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT) is one of the critical complications which can occur in patients subsequent to surgeries. The patients in Surgical Intensive Care Units (SICU) have increased propensity to have DVT due to prolonged immobilisation, invasive interventions and other risk factors. It is important to prevent DVT as this can lead to catastrophic Pulmonary Embolism (PE) and balance the risk of haemorrhages due to pharmacotherapy. Aim: To observe the DVT prophylaxis methods and to compare the incidence of DVT in the different methods used in SICU. Materials and Methods: The present study was a prospective cross-sectional study in which 62 patients, aged between 18-70 years admitted in SICU for more than or equal to two days, were included in the study. Patients on drugs affecting cardiovascular system and having significant co-morbidities and coagulation abnormalities, that can impact the occurrence of DVT, were excluded. All patients were followed-up till 28 days or ICU discharge, whichever was later. Patients were evaluated for type of prophylaxis for DVT that included any of mechanical interventions {such as stockings or Sequential Compression Devices (SCD)} or pharmacotherapy (Low molecular weight heparin or Unfractionated heparin) or a combination of both. Statistical analysis was carried out using Student’s t-test and Chi-square test. Results: Thirty (48.39%) patients were given both mechanical and pharmacotherapy, 12 (19.35%) had used only mechanical interventions and 20 (32.26%) had used pharmacotherapy alone for DVT prophylaxis. The overall incidence of DVT was 3.33% (one patient) for patients receiving both mechanical and pharmacotherapy whereas it was 10% (two) for those receiving pharmacotherapy alone and 16.67% (two) for those using mechanical intervention alone. Incidence of haemorrhage was highest in pharmacotherapy alone {three patients (15%)}. The overall dose of drugs used as pharmacotherapy was the least in those receiving dual interventions compared to that of patients receiving pharmacotherapy alone. Conclusion: Pharmacotherapy and pressure stockings together are an ideal therapy for DVT prophylaxis.

Risk factors for poor outcome in older patients admitted in a surgical intensive care unit

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie Occhiali ◽  
Pierre Prolange ◽  
Florence Cassiau ◽  
Frédéric Roca ◽  
Benoit Veber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care ◽  
Poor Outcome

RISK FACTORS FOR CANDIDEMIA: COMPARISON BETWEEN MEDICAL AND SURGICAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT PATIENTS

CHEST Journal ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 379S
Author(s):  
Stephen B. Heitner ◽  
Glenn Eiger ◽  
Robert Fischer ◽  
Emma C. Scott ◽  
Aba Somers
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care

scholarly journals Nosocomial infections in a pediatric surgical intensive care unit: An unicentric cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 112-116
Author(s):  
Marina Pandurov ◽  
Izabella Fabri-Galambos ◽  
Andjela Opancina ◽  
Anna Uram-Benka ◽  
Goran Rakic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. Nosocomial infections are a common complication in patients hospitalized in intensive care units. The aims of this research were to examine the incidence of nosocomial infections in patients admitted to the pediatric surgical intensive care unit, the impact of hospital length of stay and type of surgical disease on the incidence of nosocomial infections, the frequency of microorganisms causing nosocomial infections and their antibiotic susceptibility profile. Material and Methods. Data on 50 subjects were extracted from the database. The following data were taken from the medical histories of the examinees: age, sex, diagnosis, number of days at the hospital before admission to the intensive care unit, number of days in the intensive care unit, levels of C-reactive protein, applied antimicrobial drugs, isolated microorganisms and their susceptibility to antibiotics. Results. The incidence of nosocomial infections in the study period was 52%. Patients who developed nosocomial infection remained longer in the intensive care unit than those who did not develop it (p = 0.003). Patients with the diagnosis of acute abdomen had a statistically significantly higher incidence of nosocomial infections compared to other patients (p = 0.001). Gram-negative bacteria were the most commonly isolated pathogens (46.8%). Acinetobacter baumanii proved to be the most resistant species in this study, since 80% of the strains did not show sensitivity to any of the tested antibiotics. Conclusion. Nosocomial infections are present in slightly more than half of the patients treated at the pediatric surgical intensive care unit. Patients who developed nosocomial infections stayed longer in the pediatric surgical intensive care unit, which had negative consequences for their health and treatment costs.

Nosocomial Sepsis and its Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar Yadav ◽  
SP Yadav ◽  
P Kanodia ◽  
N K Bhatta ◽  
R R Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nosocomial Sepsis

Introduction: Nosocomial sepsis is a common and serious infection of neonates who are admitted in intensive care unit. They lead to significant morbidity and mortality in both developed and resource limited countries. The neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is a suitable environment for disseminating the infections and, hence, needs preventive intervention. The study was carried out to determine the risk factors for nosocomial sepsis in neonatal intensive care unit. Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a seven bedded teaching and referral hospital NICU. All neonates in NICU who did not have any sign of infection at admission and remained hospitalized for at least 48 hours were observed. Nosocomial sepsis was diagnosed according to the CDC criteria. Risk factors for nosocomial sepsis were analyzed with Chi-square test and Logistic regression model. P-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Low birth weight (both preterm and IUGR) and mechanical ventilation were found to be related with nosocomial sepsis. Conclusions: Low birth weight and mechanical ventilation were the most important risk factors fornosocomial sepsis.

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